HIV
HIV-1 is an RNA retrovirus that infects immune cells through the envelope glycoprotein Env, whose mature gp120/gp41 trimer mediates viral entry into host cells[1]. Mechanistically, gp120 binds CD4 and then the chemokine coreceptors CCR5 or CXCR4, while gp41 refolding brings viral and cellular membranes together for fusion[2][3]. After entry, viral replication depends on reverse transcriptase, protease, and integrase, making these enzymes core targets for antiretroviral research[4][5]. In disease relevance, untreated HIV replication causes progressive CD4+ T-cell loss and immunological abnormalities, increasing infectious and oncological complications[6]. Compared with related forms, HIV-1 remains the main focus because it is described as the most virulent and pathogenic subtype in diagnostic and treatment literature[7]. For experimental applications, entry inhibitors target gp120, gp41, CCR5, or CXCR4, while enzyme inhibitors target reverse transcriptase, protease, or integrase to suppress distinct stages of the HIV life cycle[4][8].
References:
- [1]. Anang S, et al. Characterization of full-length and cytoplasmic tail-truncated envelope glycoproteins incorporated into human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) virions and virus-like particles. J Virol. 2025 Dec 23;99(12):e0158525. [Content Brief]
- [2]. Teixeira C, et al. Viral surface glycoproteins, gp120 and gp41, as potential drug targets against HIV-1: brief overview one quarter of a century past the approval of zidovudine, the first anti-retroviral drug. Eur J Med Chem. 2011 Apr;46(4):979-92. [Content Brief]
- [3]. Princen K, et al. HIV chemokine receptor inhibitors as novel anti-HIV drugs. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 2005 Dec;16(6):659-77. [Content Brief]
- [4]. De Clercq E. Emerging anti-HIV drugs. Expert Opin Emerg Drugs. 2005 May;10(2):241-73. doi: 10.1517/14728214.10.2.241. PMID: 15934866. et al. Emerging anti-HIV drugs. Expert Opin Emerg Drugs. 2005 May;10(2):241-73. [Content Brief]
- [5]. Palmisano L. Role of integrase inhibitors in the treatment of HIV disease. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther. 2007 Feb;5(1):67-75. doi: 10.1586/14787210.5.1.67. PMID: 17266455. et al. Role of integrase inhibitors in the treatment of HIV disease. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther. 2007 Feb;5(1):67-75. [Content Brief]
- [6]. Deeks SG, et al. HIV infection. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2015 Oct 1;1:15035. [Content Brief]
- [7]. Zulfiqar HF, et al. HIV Diagnosis and Treatment through Advanced Technologies. Front Public Health. 2017 Mar 7;5:32. [Content Brief]
- [8]. Greenberg M, et al. HIV fusion and its inhibition in antiretroviral therapy. Rev Med Virol. 2004 Sep-Oct;14(5):321-37. [Content Brief]
All Product Categories
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HIV Related Products (904)
Related Products (904)
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Aloperine
0 ImagesAloperine is an alkaloid in sophora plants such as Sophora alopecuroides L, which has shown anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory and anti-virus properties. Aloperine is widely used to treat patients with allergic contact dermatitis eczema and other skin inflammation in China. Aloperine induces apoptosis and autophagy in HL-60 cells.
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1-Deoxymannojirimycin hydrochloride
0 Images1-Deoxymannojirimycin hydrochloride is a selective class I α1,2-mannosidase inhibitor with an IC50 of 20 μM. 1-Deoxymannojirimycin hydrochloride is also a N-linked glycosylation inhibitor. 1-Deoxymannojirimycin hydrochloride has antiviral activity against HIV‐1 strains . 1-Deoxymannojirimycin hydrochloride increases high mannose structures. 1-Deoxymannojirimycin hydrochloride can be used for the study of liver cancer and colon cancer.
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Mitoguazone
0 ImagesSynonyms: Methylglyoxal-bis(guanylhydrazone); MGBG; Methyl-GAGMitoguazone (Methylglyoxal-bis(guanylhydrazone)) is a synthetic polycarbonyl derivative with potent antineoplastic activity. Mitoguazone is a brain-penetrant and competitive S-adenosyl-methionine decarboxylase (SAMDC) inhibitor that disrupts polyamine biosynthesis. Mitoguazone induces cell apoptosis. Mitoguazone inhibits HIV DNA integration into the cellular DNA in both monocytes and macrophages. Mitoguazone has the potential for acute leukemia, Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma treatment.
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Dextran sulfate sodium salt (MW 4500-5500)
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-116282ACAS No.: 9011-18-1Synonyms: DSS (MW 4500-5500); DXS (MW 4500-5500)Dextran sulfate sodium salt (DSS) (MW 4500-5500) is a polymer of dehydrated glucose with a molecular weight of approximately 4500-5500. Dextran sulfate sodium salt with different molecular weights exhibits different biological activities. Dextran sulfate sodium salt (MW 4500-5500) is an inhibitor of complement and coagulation pathways, and belongs to the glycosaminoglycans (GAG) family. Dextran sulfate sodium salt (MW 4500-5500) acts as an anticoagulant, antiviral, and anti-lipemic agent. Dextran sulfate sodium salt (MW 4500-5500) stops HIV-1 virus adsorption to host cells. Dextran sulfate sodium salt (MW 4500-5500) prevents NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity. Dextran sulfate sodium salt (MW 4500-5500) inhibits instant blood-mediated inflammatory reaction (IBMIR).
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Anti-Mouse/Rat/Human CCL2/MCP-1 Antibody (2H5)
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-P990297Purity: 99.5%Anti-Mouse/Rat/Human CCL2/MCP-1 Antibody (2H5) is an anti-mouse/rat/human CCL2/MCP-1 IgG monoclonal antibody. Anti-Mouse/Rat/Human CCL2/MCP-1 Antibody (2H5) can reverse the immunosuppressive microenvironment by blocking the CCL2 signaling pathway. Anti-Mouse/Rat/Human CCL2/MCP-1 Antibody (2H5) can reduce the secretion of IFN-γ and the infiltration of macrophages. CCL2/MCP-1 Antibody (2H5) can reduce the amount of HIV virus by increasing the proportion of T cells. Anti-Mouse/Rat/Human CCL2/MCP-1 Antibody (2H5) can be used for researches on inflammation conditions, virus infection and cancer such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and HIV.
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Ditiocarb sodium
0 ImagesDitiocarb sodium (Sodium diethyldithiocarbamate) is an orally active copper reagent. Ditiocarb sodium exhibits activities such as antioxidation, chelation, anti-tumor effects, immunomodulation, and anti-HIV properties. Ditiocarb sodium can be used in the research of tumors, inflammatory, and immune-related diseases.
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Megestrol acetate
0 ImagesMegestrol acetate is a synthetic and orally active progesteronal agent. Megestrol acetate is effective as an appetite stimulant for wasting syndromes such as cachexia. Megestrol acetate decreases nuclear and cytosol androgen receptors human BPH tissue. Megestrol acetate has the potential for HIV study and downregulates autophagic catabolic pathway.
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CHMA1004 dihydrochloride
0 ImagesSynonyms: Methyl piperazine-2-carboxylate dihydrochloride; METTL3 activator-1CHMA1004 (Methyl piperazine-2-carboxylate; METTL3 activator-1) dihydrochloride is a METTL3/METTL14/WTAP methyltransferase complex activator. CHMA1004 dihydrochloride exhibits neuroprotective and anxiolytic potential by enhancing m6A methylation modification of RNA. CHMA1004 dihydrochloride promotes HIV replication in an infection context. CHMA1004 dihydrochloride can be used in studies related to anxiety disorders and HIV-1 infection.
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Saquinavir mesylate
0 ImagesSynonyms: Ro 31-8959/003
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Pyrazofurin
0 ImagesSynonyms: PirazofurinPyrazofurin is an antitumor pyrimidine nucleoside analogue and a orotate-phosphoribosyltransferase inhibitor. Pyrazofurin inhibits cell proliferation and intracellular DNA synthesis by inhibiting uridine 5'-phosphate synthase. Pyrazofurin is also an antibiotic with a broad spectrum of antiviral activity.
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Acetohydroxamic acid
0 ImagesAcetohydroxamic acid is the inhibitor for bacterial and plant urease that can be used for chronic urinary tract infections. Acetohydroxamic acid selectively inhibits arachidonic acid 5-lipoxygenase that is useful in the research of asthma. Acetohydroxamic acid inhibits the formation of advanced glycation end products, and reduces oxidative stress and inflammatory responses. Acetohydroxamic acid exhibits antiviral activity against HIV.
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Carrageenan
0 ImagesCarrageenan is an antiviral and anticancer agent. Carrageenan inhibits herpes simplex virus (HSV), HIV, and hepatitis A virus (HAV) by directly binding to the viral capsid to block the attachment of viruses such as HPV to HSPG factors on the cell surface. Carrageenan delays and arrests cell cycle progression, exhibits cytotoxicity against HeLa cancer cells, and can be applied to studies related to cervical cancer, genital warts, hepatitis A, and other conditions. Carrageenan also induces acute non-immune inflammation, triggers a three-phase inflammatory response involving the release of multiple proinflammatory mediators, and causes persistent edema, hyperalgesia, and neutrophil recruitment in mice.
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PYR01
0 ImagesPYR01 is a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor and a killing activator targeting HIV infected cells. PYR01 has cytokilling and antiviral properties of HIV-1 infection with the IC50 values of 27.5nM and 39.7nM, respectively. PYR01 leads to selective cytotoxicity by promoting HIV-1 Gag-Pol dimerization and HIV-1 protease intracellular activation. PYR01 can be used in the study of HIV.
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Tenofovir diphosphate disodium
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-136548BCAS No.: 2738719-07-6Synonyms: TFV-DP disodiumTenofovir diphosphate disodium is an antiretroviral agent. Tenofovir diphosphate disodium is an inhibitor of HIV reverse transcriptase DNA (Ki = 1.55 μM) and RNA (Ki = 0.022 μM). Tenofovir diphosphate disodium can be used for the research of AIDS.
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Dextran sulfate sodium salt (MW 450000-550000)
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-116282DCAS No.: 9011-18-1Synonyms: DSS (MW 450000-550000); DXS (MW 450000-550000)Dextran sulfate sodium salt (DSS) (MW 450000-550000) is a polymer of dehydrated glucose with a molecular weight of approximately 450000-550000. Dextran sulfate sodium salt with different molecular weights exhibits different biological activities. Dextran sulfate sodium salt (MW 450000-550000) inhibits replication of HIV-1 and influenza A virus. Dextran sulfate sodium salt (MW 450000-550000) can be formulated as nanoparticles and shows antibacterial activity. Dextran sulfate sodium salt (MW 450000-550000) can be used for functional material preparation.
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Benfotiamine
0 ImagesSynonyms: S-Benzoylthiamine O-monophosphateBenfotiamine (S-Benzoylthiamine O-monophosphate) is a vitamin B1 derivative that exhihibits potent antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activity. Benfotiamine can be used for the research of various secondary diabetic complications. Benfotiamine also can be used in infectious diseases such as HIV and COVID-19.
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L-Cycloserine
0 ImagesSynonyms: (S)-Cycloserine; (S)-4-Amino-3-isoxazolidoneL-Cycloserine ((S)-4-Amino-3-isoxazolidone) is an oral inhibitor of the enzyme gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) transaminase (GABA-t) and branched-chain transaminases in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. L-Cycloserine has anticonvulsant properties and inhibits the synthesis of neurotensin in mouse brains.
