HIV
HIV-1 is an RNA retrovirus that infects immune cells through the envelope glycoprotein Env, whose mature gp120/gp41 trimer mediates viral entry into host cells[1]. Mechanistically, gp120 binds CD4 and then the chemokine coreceptors CCR5 or CXCR4, while gp41 refolding brings viral and cellular membranes together for fusion[2][3]. After entry, viral replication depends on reverse transcriptase, protease, and integrase, making these enzymes core targets for antiretroviral research[4][5]. In disease relevance, untreated HIV replication causes progressive CD4+ T-cell loss and immunological abnormalities, increasing infectious and oncological complications[6]. Compared with related forms, HIV-1 remains the main focus because it is described as the most virulent and pathogenic subtype in diagnostic and treatment literature[7]. For experimental applications, entry inhibitors target gp120, gp41, CCR5, or CXCR4, while enzyme inhibitors target reverse transcriptase, protease, or integrase to suppress distinct stages of the HIV life cycle[4][8].
References:
- [1]. Anang S, et al. Characterization of full-length and cytoplasmic tail-truncated envelope glycoproteins incorporated into human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) virions and virus-like particles. J Virol. 2025 Dec 23;99(12):e0158525. [Content Brief]
- [2]. Teixeira C, et al. Viral surface glycoproteins, gp120 and gp41, as potential drug targets against HIV-1: brief overview one quarter of a century past the approval of zidovudine, the first anti-retroviral drug. Eur J Med Chem. 2011 Apr;46(4):979-92. [Content Brief]
- [3]. Princen K, et al. HIV chemokine receptor inhibitors as novel anti-HIV drugs. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 2005 Dec;16(6):659-77. [Content Brief]
- [4]. De Clercq E. Emerging anti-HIV drugs. Expert Opin Emerg Drugs. 2005 May;10(2):241-73. doi: 10.1517/14728214.10.2.241. PMID: 15934866. et al. Emerging anti-HIV drugs. Expert Opin Emerg Drugs. 2005 May;10(2):241-73. [Content Brief]
- [5]. Palmisano L. Role of integrase inhibitors in the treatment of HIV disease. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther. 2007 Feb;5(1):67-75. doi: 10.1586/14787210.5.1.67. PMID: 17266455. et al. Role of integrase inhibitors in the treatment of HIV disease. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther. 2007 Feb;5(1):67-75. [Content Brief]
- [6]. Deeks SG, et al. HIV infection. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2015 Oct 1;1:15035. [Content Brief]
- [7]. Zulfiqar HF, et al. HIV Diagnosis and Treatment through Advanced Technologies. Front Public Health. 2017 Mar 7;5:32. [Content Brief]
- [8]. Greenberg M, et al. HIV fusion and its inhibition in antiretroviral therapy. Rev Med Virol. 2004 Sep-Oct;14(5):321-37. [Content Brief]
All Product Categories
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HIV Related Products (907)
Related Products (907)
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Ditiocarb sodium,98%
0 ImagesDitiocarb sodium,98% (Sodium diethyldithiocarbamate,98%) is an orally active copper reagent. Ditiocarb sodium,98% exhibits activities such as antioxidation, chelation, anti-tumor effects, immunomodulation, and anti-HIV properties. Ditiocarb sodium,98% can be used in the research of tumors, inflammatory, and immune-related diseases.
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Didanosine
0 ImagesSynonyms: 2',3'-Dideoxyinosine; ddIDidanosine (2',3'-Dideoxyinosine; ddI) is a a potent and orally active dideoxynucleoside analogue, and also is a potent nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor. Didanosine shows antiretroviral activity for HIV.
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5-Fluorouracil (Standard)
0 Images5-Fluorouracil (Standard) is the analytical standard of 5-Fluorouracil. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is an analogue of uracil and a potent antitumor agent. 5-Fluorouracil affects pyrimidine synthesis by inhibiting thymidylate synthetase thus depleting intracellular dTTP pools. 5-Fluorouracil induces apoptosis and can be used as a chemical sensitizer. 5-Fluorouracil also inhibits HIV.
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Sodium diethylcarbamodithioate trihydrate
0 ImagesSynonyms: Ditiocarb sodium trihydrateSodium diethylcarbamodithioate (Ditiocarb sodium) trihydrate is a copper reagent. The reaction with Cu2+ solution resulted in the formation of a complex, which increased the copper displacement precipitation rate. Sodium diethylcarbamodithioate trihydrate can reduce HIV infection and can be used in adjuvant immune research of high-risk breast cancer.
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Isoquinoline
0 ImagesIsoquinoline is an analog of pyridine. Isoquinoline-based alkaloids, such as p-tolyl bisisoquinoline, phthaloyl isoquinoline, and naphthyl isoquinoline, exhibit anticancer activity. Berberine, an isoquinoline alkaloid, exerts anti-inflammatory effects in diabetic mice by downregulating the gene expression ratios of pro-/anti-inflammatory and Th1/Th2 cytokines. Additionally, some isoquinoline-based compounds also possess antidepressant, antibacterial, antimalarial, and anti-HIV activities.
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TH6342
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-161296Purity: 99.15%TH6342 is a SAMHD1 modulator that binds to pretetrameric SAMHD1 and prevents its oligomerization and allosteric activation. SAMHD1 is a dNTP triphosphohydrolase and an HIV-1 restriction factor. SAMHD1 can limit the replication of retroviruses and DNA viruses and has antiviral effects. The inhibitory mechanism of TH6342 does not occupy the SAMHD1 nucleotide-binding pocket, gently binds the target, and functions as a chemical probe.
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Indoline
0 ImagesIndoline is a derivative of Indole (HY-W001132). Indoline can use as the basic structure for CD4 mimetic compounds (CD4mcs), which triggers conformational changes of the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein (Env) in advance, and causes viral inactivation. Indoline binds to gp120. Indoline CD4mcs can inhibit HIV-1AD8 with an IC50 in the micromolar range.
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Abacavir sulfate
0 ImagesSynonyms: Abacavir Hemisulfate; ABC sulfateAbacavir sulfate (Abacavir Hemisulfate) is a competitive, orally active nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor. Abacavir sulfate can inhibits the replication of HIV. Abacavir sulfate shows anticancer activity in prostate cancer cell lines. Abacavir sulfate can trespass the blood-brain-barrier and suppresses telomerase activity.
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MK-8527
0 ImagesMK-8527 is an orally active HIV inhibitor and nucleoside reverse transcriptase translocation inhibitor (NRTTI) with antiviral activity. MK-8527 has a similar inhibitory mechanism to ISL (HY-104012).
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Trecovirsen
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-149906CAS No.: 153021-75-1Synonyms: GEM91Trecovirsen (GEM91) is an antiviral agent targeting HIV gag mRNA, which hybridizes with complementary HIV gag mRNA at the initiation site. Trecovirsen induces a reversible, dose-dependent prolongation of activated partial thromboplastin time via its polyanionic property. Trecovirsen is applicable to research related to HIV infection.
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Leronlimab
0 ImagesSynonyms: PRO 140
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1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide
0 ImagesSynonyms: BMIM-TFSI; BMI-TFSI1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (BMIM-TFSI; BMI-TFSI) is an HIV-1 integrase inhibitor. 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide weakly inhibits recombinant HIV-1 integrase 3'-processing or strand transfer activity. 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide can be used for the research of HIV-1.
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Trecovirsen sodium
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-149906CSynonyms: GEM91 sodiumTrecovirsen sodium is a 25-mer antisense phosphorothioate oligonucleotide targeted at the gag site of the HIV gene.
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Lersivirine
0 ImagesSynonyms: UK-453061Lersivirine (UK-453061) is potent and selective non-nucleoside reverse transcription inhibitor (NNRTI; IC50=119 nM) with excellent efficacy against NNRTI-resistant viruses. Lersivirine exhibits potent antiretroviral activity against wild-type HIV virus and clinically relevant NNRTI-resistant strains.
