2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Cell Cycle/DNA Damage
    Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
    Vitamin D Related/Nuclear Receptor
  4. PPAR

PPAR

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors

PPAR

Related Products

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PPARs (Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors) are ligand-activated transcription factors of nuclear hormone receptor superfamily comprising of the following three subtypes: PPARα, PPARγ, and PPARβ/δ. PPARs play essential roles in the regulation of cellular differentiation, development, and metabolism (carbohydrate, lipid, protein), and tumorigenesis of higher organisms. All PPARs heterodimerize with the retinoid X receptor (RXR) and bind to specific regions on the DNA of target genes. Activation of PPAR-α reduces triglyceride level and is involved in regulation of energy homeostasis. Activation of PPAR-γ enhances glucose metabolism, whereas activation of PPAR-β/δ enhances fatty acids metabolism.

PPAR Isoform Specific Products:

PPAR Isoform Comparison
Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-N0783
    Eupatilin
    		Agonist 98.90%
    Eupatilin, a lipophilic flavonoid isolated from Artemisia argyi Lévl. et Van., is a PPARα agonist, and possesses anti-apoptotic, anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory activities.
    Eupatilin
  • HY-N2118
    Bilobetin
    		Activator 99.71%
    Bilobetin, an active component of Ginkgo biloba, can reduce blood lipids and improve the effects of insulin. Bilobetin ameliorated insulin resistance, increased the hepatic uptake and oxidation of lipids, reduced very-low-density lipoprotein triglyceride secretion and blood triglyceride levels, enhanced the expression and activity of enzymes involved in β-oxidation and attenuated the accumulation of triglycerides and their metabolites in tissues. Bilobetin also increased the phosphorylation, nuclear translocation and activity of PPARα accompanied by elevated cAMP level and PKA activity.
    Bilobetin
  • HY-W081067
    Perfluoro(2-methyl-3-oxahexanoic) acid
    		Agonist 99.41%
    Perfluoro (2-methyl-3-oxahexanoic) acid (HFPO-DA) is an orally active PPARα agonist with an EC50 of 2.1 μM for human PPARα. Perfluoro (2-methyl-3-oxahexanoic) acid induces peroxisome proliferation and increases the levels of proinflammatory mediators. It impairs intestinal barrier function and disrupts cecal flora balance. Perfluoro (2-methyl-3-oxahexanoic) acid is applicable to research related to developmental toxicity, hepatotoxicity and intestinal toxicity.
    Perfluoro(2-methyl-3-oxahexanoic) acid
  • HY-14649G
    Retinoic acid (GMP)
    		Agonist
    Retinoic acid (Vitamin A acid) (GMP) is Retinoic acid (HY-14649) produced by using GMP guidelines. GMP small molecules works appropriately as an auxiliary reagent for cell therapy manufacture. Retinoic acid is an agonist of RAR nuclear receptors.
    Retinoic acid (GMP)
  • HY-N0234
    Bavachinin
    		Agonist 99.95%
    Bavachinin is agonist of pan-peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR), with the IC50 value of 21.043 μM, 12.819 μM, and 0.622 μM to PPAR-α, RRAR-β/δ, and PPAR-γ, respectively. Bavachinin is an inhibitor of HIF-1α. Bavachinin exhibits antitumor activity against non-small cell lung cancer by targeting RRAR-γ. Bavachinin is a natural compound with anti-inflammatory and anti-angiogenic activities. Bavachinin has orally bioactivity..
    Bavachinin
  • HY-B0287
    Clofibrate
    		Agonist 99.61%
    Clofibrate is an agonist of PPAR, with EC50s of 50 μM, ～500 μM for murine PPARα and PPARγ, and 55 μM, ～500 μM for human PPARα and PPARγ, respectively.
    Clofibrate
  • HY-N0625A
    Alpinetin
    		Activator 99.51%
    Alpinetin is a flavonoid isolated from cardamom and possesses antitumor, antiinflammation, hepatoprotective, cardiovascular protective, lung protective, antibacterial, antiviral, neuroprotective properties. Alpinetin inhibits lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation, activates PPAR-γ, activates Nrf2, and inhibits TLR4 expression to protect LPS-induced renal injury.
    Alpinetin
  • HY-17386A
    Rosiglitazone hydrochloride
    		Agonist 99.81%
    Rosiglitazone (BRL 49653) hydrochloride is an orally active selective PPARγ agonist (EC50: 60 nM, Kd: 40 nM). Rosiglitazone hydrochloride is a TRPC5 activator (EC50: 30 μM) and TRPM3 inhibitor. Rosiglitazone hydrochloride can be used in the research of obesity and diabetes, senescence, ovarian cancer.
    Rosiglitazone hydrochloride
  • HY-B0760
    Fenofibric acid
    		Agonist 99.94%
    Fenofibric acid, an active metabolite of fenofibrate, is a PPAR activitor, with EC50s of 22.4 μM, 1.47 μM, and 1.06 μM for PPARα, PPARγ and PPARδ, respectively; Fenofibric acid also inhibits COX-2 enzyme activity, with an IC50 of 48 nM.
    Fenofibric acid
  • HY-19937
    Saroglitazar
    		Agonist 99.85%
    Saroglitazar is a novel peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) agonist with predominant PPARα and moderate PPARγ activity with EC50 values of 0.65 pM and 3 nM in HepG2 cells, respectively.
    Saroglitazar
  • HY-153344
    FX-909
    		Inhibitor 99.79%
    FX-909 is a covalent peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARG) inverse agonist. FX-909 can be used for the research of cancer.
    FX-909
  • HY-Y0319G
    Magnesium acetate tetrahydrate
    		Activator 99.47%
    Magnesium acetate tetrahydrate is a carboxylic acid and short-chain fatty acid (SCFAs). Magnesium acetate tetrahydrate activates AMPK, increases ROS, cleaved caspase 9, PPARα, downregulates SREBP-1c, ChREBP expression. Magnesium acetate tetrahydrate exhibits antifungal activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae W303-1A. Magnesium acetate tetrahydrate regulates energy metabolism. Magnesium acetate tetrahydrate has anticancer activity against gastric cancer. Magnesium acetate tetrahydrate induces writhing reaction and ulcerative colitis. Magnesium acetate tetrahydrate can be used in the researches for gastric cancer, ulcerative colitis, hepatic steatosis, and pain.
    Magnesium acetate tetrahydrate
  • HY-N0704
    Agrimol B
    		Inhibitor 99.75%
    Agrimol B, a polyphenol, is an orally active and potent SIRT1 activator. Agrimol B shows anti-adipogenic and anticancer activity. Agrimol B shows antibacterial activity against plant pathogens. Agrimol B dramatically inhibits 3T3-L1 adipocyte differentiation by reducing PPARγ, C/EBPα, FAS, UCP-1, and apoE expression. The action of Agrimol B on the cancer cells is likely derived from its effect on c-MYC, SKP2 and p27.
    Agrimol B
  • HY-N0404
    Sinigrin
    		Inhibitor 99.97%
    Sinigrin (Allyl-glucosinolate) is an orally active glucosinolate found in cruciferous plants. Sinigrin possesses multiple activities such as anti-cancer, antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and inhibition of fat synthesis. Sinigrin can be used in the research of tumors, inflammatory, and metabolic diseases.
    Sinigrin
  • HY-N0265
    Asperosaponin VI
    		Inhibitor 99.62%
    Asperosaponin VI is a saponin component from Dipsacus asper. Asperosaponin VI induces osteoblast differentiation through the BMP-2/p38 and ERK1/2 signaling pathways. Asperosaponin VI protects against hypoxia-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis by activating the PI3K/Akt and CREB pathways. Additionally, Asperosaponin VI also has antidepressant and wound-healing-promoting activities.
    Asperosaponin VI
  • HY-N0182R
    Fisetin (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Fisetin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Fisetin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Fisetin is a natural flavonol found in many fruits and vegetables with various benefits, such as antioxidant, anticancer, neuroprotection effects.
    Fisetin (Standard)
  • HY-N0515
    Ophiopogonin D
    		Activator 99.80%
    Ophiopogonin D can be isolated from the tubers of Ophiopogon japonicus, is a rare naturally occurring C29 steroidal glycoside. Ophiopogonin D is a CYP2J3 inducer that significantly inhibits Ang II induced NF-κB nuclear translocation, IκBα down-regulation, intracellular Ca2+ overload and activation of pro-inflammatory cytokines by increasing the expression of CYP2J2/EETs and PPARα in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Ophiopogonin D can inhibit isteoclastic differentiation in RAW264.7 cells. Ophiopogonin D has protective effect as an antioxidant in H2O2-induced endothelial injury. Ophiopogonin D blocks ERK signaling cascades. Ophiopogonin D alleviates high-fat diet-induced metabolic syndrome and changes the structure of gut microbiota in mice. Ophiopogonin D has been used against inflammatory, metabolic and cardiovascular diseases.
    Ophiopogonin D
  • HY-108568
    15-Deoxy-Δ-12,14-prostaglandin J2
    		Agonist ≥99.0%
    15-Deoxy-Δ-12,14-prostaglandin J2 (15d-PGJ2) is a cyclopentenone prostaglandin and a metabolite of PGD2. 15-Deoxy-Δ-12,14-prostaglandin J2 is a selective PPARγ (EC50 of 2 µM) and a covalent PPARδ agonist. 15-Deoxy-Δ-12,14-prostaglandin J2 promotes efficient differentiation of C3H10T1/2 fibroblasts to adipocytes with an EC50 of 7 μM.
    15-Deoxy-Δ-12,14-prostaglandin J2
  • HY-113205
    15-keto-Prostaglandin E2
    		Activator ≥99.0%
    15-keto-Prostaglandin E2 (15-keto-PGE2) is an endogenous PGE2 metabolite. 15-keto-Prostaglandin E2 inhibits STAT3 activation by binding to the Cys259 residue of STAT3. 15-keto-Prostaglandin E2 binds to and stabilizes EP2 and EP4 receptors. 15-keto-Prostaglandin E2 inhibits the growth and progression of breast cancer cells. 15-keto-Prostaglandin E2 activates PPAR-γ and promotes fungal growth. 15-keto-Prostaglandin E2 disrupts glomerular vascularization during zebrafish development and reduces the surface area of the glomerular filtration barrier.
    15-keto-Prostaglandin E2
  • HY-N0059
    D-Arabinose
    		Activator ≥99.0%
    D-Arabinose is is an orally active antidepressant and a growth inhibitor of C. elegans (IC50 is 7.5 mM). D-Arabinose can penetrate the blood-brain barrier, selectively interfere with the metabolism of D-ribose and D-fructose, and inhibit the growth of nematodes. D-Arabinose can also inhibit the synthesis of cell biofilm and exert antibacterial activity. D-Arabinose activates the ACSS2-PPARγ/TFEB-CRTC1 axis through the lysosomal AXIN-LKB1-AMPK pathway, inducing CRTC1 transcription, exerts antidepressant-like activity. D-Arabinose is the ring-opened form of the aldopentose D-?Arabinose (HY-N7082).
    D-Arabinose
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Species Source
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity
PPAR Isoform Comparison

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