2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Cell Cycle/DNA Damage
    Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
    Vitamin D Related/Nuclear Receptor
  4. PPAR

PPAR

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors

PPAR

Related Products

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PPARs (Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors) are ligand-activated transcription factors of nuclear hormone receptor superfamily comprising of the following three subtypes: PPARα, PPARγ, and PPARβ/δ. PPARs play essential roles in the regulation of cellular differentiation, development, and metabolism (carbohydrate, lipid, protein), and tumorigenesis of higher organisms. All PPARs heterodimerize with the retinoid X receptor (RXR) and bind to specific regions on the DNA of target genes. Activation of PPAR-α reduces triglyceride level and is involved in regulation of energy homeostasis. Activation of PPAR-γ enhances glucose metabolism, whereas activation of PPAR-β/δ enhances fatty acids metabolism.

PPAR Isoform Specific Products:

PPAR Isoform Comparison
Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-113416
    Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate
    		Activator 99.93%
    Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA sulfate; Prasterone sulfate) is a neurosteroid and the main secretion product of the adrenal gland. Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate has both non-competitive antagonist activity of GABAA receptor and agonist activity of σ1 receptor. Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate can partially penetrate the blood-brain barrier, inhibit GABAA receptor-mediated chloride influx, enhance NMDA receptor activity through σ1 receptors, exert anti-inflammatory, anti-glucocorticoid and antidepressant effects, and increase convulsive sensitivity. Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate participates in neuroprotection, neurite growth regulation and catecholamine secretion regulation, and can be used in the study of depression, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), Alzheimer's disease, etc. Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate may also be a biomarker for cardiovascular disease mortality, and its concentration is independently and negatively correlated with mortality.
    Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate
  • HY-14600
    Rosiglitazone maleate
    		Agonist 99.73%
    Rosiglitazone maleate (BRL 49653C) is a potent and selective activator of PPARγ, with EC50s of 30 nM, 100 nM and 60 nM for PPARγ1, PPARγ2, and PPARγ, respectively, and a Kd of appr 40 nM for PPARγ; Rosiglitazone maleate is also an modulator of TRP channels, inhibits TRP melastatin 2 (TRPM2), TRPM3 and activates TRP canonical 5 (TRPC5).
    Rosiglitazone maleate
  • HY-19522
    Seladelpar
    		Agonist 99.75%
    Seladelpar (MBX-8025) is an orally active, potent and specific PPARδ agonist with an EC50 of 2 nM. Seladelpar shows more than 750-fold and 2500-fold selectivity over the PPARα and PPARγ receptors, respectively. Seladelpar can be used for the study of primary biliary cholangitis.
    Seladelpar
  • HY-15725
    CDDO-Im
    		Activator 99.30%
    CDDO-Im (RTA-403) is an activator of Nrf2 and PPAR, with Kis of 232 and 344 nM for PPARα and PPARγ.
    CDDO-Im
  • HY-101064
    Fmoc-leucine
    		Modulator 99.91%
    Fmoc-Leucine (N-FMOC-leucine) is an anti-inflammatory agent that not only promotes extracellular Ca2+ influx but also facilitates intracellular Ca2+ release. Fmoc-Leucine is a selective ligand for PPARγ (Ki = 15 μM), exhibiting insulin-sensitizing effects but with weak fatogenic activity. Fmoc-Leucine exhibits unique self-assembly properties and can form transient gels, stable gels, or crystals/2D sheets through different pathways. Fmoc-Leucine can be used in the research of diabetes, colitis, and bladder cancer.
    Fmoc-leucine
  • HY-W004283
    Pentadecanoic acid
    		Activator 99.94%
    Pentadecylic acid is a saturated fatty acid with a 15-carbon backbone.
    Pentadecanoic acid
  • HY-12377
    GSK0660
    		Antagonist 99.49%
    GSK0660 is a potent PPARβ antagonist with an IC50 of 155 nM.
    GSK0660
  • HY-15721
    FH535
    		Inhibitor 99.95%
    FH535 is an inhibitor of Wnt/β-catenin and PPAR with anti-tumor activities.
    FH535
  • HY-N2397
    9''-Methyl salvianolate B
    		Ligand 99.54%
    9''-Methyl salvianolate B (MSB) is a blood-brain barrier-permeable inhibitor with high affinity for g5Rp, with a Kd value of 117 nM against African swine fever virus (ASFV) g5Rp. 9''-Methyl salvianolate B also acts as a ZBP1 inhibitor. It exhibits strong binding affinity to key proteins in the PPARγ/NF-κB pathway. 9''-Methyl salvianolate B blocks the interaction between ASFV g5Rp and host proteins eIF5A or RPS15. It restores hypusination modification of eIF5A, promotes autophagy (Autophagy), and inhibits ASFV replication. 9''-Methyl salvianolate B effectively disrupts ZBP1-mediated PANoptosome assembly. It effectively alleviates myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury. 9''-Methyl salvianolate B can be used in studies related to African swine fever.
    9''-Methyl salvianolate B
  • HY-113081
    1-Methyladenosine
    		Inducer 99.92%
    1-Methyladenosine is an RNA modification that can serve as a tumor marker, with elevated levels in the body associated with cancer development. Following 1-methyladenosine methylation, upregulation of PPARδ expression regulates cholesterol metabolism and activates Hedgehog signaling pathway, driving liver tumorigenesis.
    1-Methyladenosine
  • HY-B0205
    Candesartan
    		Agonist 98.10%
    Candesartan (CV 11974) is an orally active angiotensin II AT1-Receptor blocker and PPAR-γ agonist. Candesartan has potent and long-lasting antihypertensive effects. Candesartan can be used for the research of hypertension, chronic heart failure (CHF) and Traumatic brain injury (TBI).
    Candesartan
  • HY-B0258
    Gemfibrozil
    		Activator 99.91%
    Gemfibrozil is an activator of PPAR-α, used as a lipid-lowering agent; Gemfibrozil is also a nonselective inhibitor of several P450 isoforms, with Ki values for CYP2C9, 2C19, 2C8, and 1A2 of 5.8, 24, 69, and 82 μM, respectively.
    Gemfibrozil
  • HY-N2341
    Palmitelaidic acid
    		Activator 99.4%
    Palmitelaidic acid (9-trans-Hexadecenoic acid) is the trans isomer of palmitoleic acid. Palmitoleic acid is one of the most abundant fatty acids in serum and tissue.
    Palmitelaidic acid
  • HY-Y1325H
    Sodium acetate trihydrate, meets analytical specification of Ph. Eur. BP USP FCC E262, ≤0.00002% Al
    		Activator 99.7%
    Sodium acetate trihydrate is a carboxylic acid and short-chain fatty acid (SCFAs). Sodium acetate trihydrate activates AMPK, increases ROS, cleaved caspase 9, PPARα, downregulates SREBP-1c, ChREBP expression. Sodium acetate trihydrate exhibits antifungal activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae W303-1A. Sodium acetate trihydrate regulates energy metabolism. Sodium acetate trihydrate has anticancer activity against gastric cancer. Sodium acetate trihydrate induces writhing reaction and ulcerative colitis. Sodium acetate trihydrate can be used in the researches for gastric cancer, ulcerative colitis, hepatic steatosis, and pain.
    Sodium acetate trihydrate, meets analytical specification of Ph. Eur. BP USP FCC E262, ≤0.00002% Al
  • HY-B0765
    Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate sodium
    		Activator 99.96%
    Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA sulfate; Prasterone sulfate) sodium salt is a neurosteroid and the main secretion product of the adrenal gland. Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate sodium salt has both non-competitive antagonist activity of GABAA receptor and agonist activity of σ1 receptor. Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate sodium salt can partially penetrate the blood-brain barrier, inhibit GABAA receptor-mediated chloride influx, enhance NMDA receptor activity through σ1 receptors, exert anti-inflammatory, anti-glucocorticoid and antidepressant effects, and increase convulsive sensitivity. Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate sodium salt participates in neuroprotection, neurite growth regulation and catecholamine secretion regulation, and can be used in the study of depression, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), Alzheimer's disease, etc. Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate sodium salt may also be a biomarker for cardiovascular disease mortality, and its concentration is independently and negatively correlated with mortality.
    Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate sodium
  • HY-107737
    1,2-DLPC
    		98.0%
    1,2-DLPC (1,2-Dilauroyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine) is a ligand for LRH-1 agonists. 1,2-DLPC is a phospholipid used in the synthesis of liposomes. 1,2-DLPC enhances fat breakdown and apoptosis in fat cells through a TNFα-dependent pathway, while also inhibiting palmitate-induced insulin resistance through PPARα-mediated inflammation in muscle cells.
    1,2-DLPC
  • HY-W145499
    Zinc Gluconate
    		Agonist 98.0%
    Zinc Gluconate is a zinc supplement in the form of a gluconate salt, which plays a role in various physiological processes such as immune function, wound healing, and olfaction. Zinc Gluconate has a LD50 of 39.6 mg/kg in mice (Tail vein injection). Zinc Gluconate can be used in the research of inflammation, zinc deficiency, colds, cancer, and nutritional supplements.
    Zinc Gluconate
  • HY-N0604
    Ginsenoside Rh1
    		Inhibitor 98.72%
    Ginsenoside Rh1 (Prosapogenin A2) inhibits the expression of PPAR-γ, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β.
    Ginsenoside Rh1
  • HY-106266
    Chiglitazar
    		Agonist 99.81%
    Chiglitazar (Carfloglitazar) is a PPARα/γ dual agonist, with EC50s of 1.2, 0.08, 1.7 μM for PPARα, PPARγ and PPARδ, respectively.
    Chiglitazar
  • HY-121389
    Hexadecanamide
    		Activator 99.64%
    Hexadecanamide (Palmitamide) is a fatty acid amide that has orally active anti-allergic, antioxidant, and neuroprotective effects. Hexadecanamide exerts protective effects in Staphylococcus aureus- and SARA-induced mastitis. Hexadecanamide suppresses S. aureus-induced activation of the NF-κB pathway and improves blood-milk barrier integrity. Hexadecanamide activates PPARα. Hexadecanamide enhances sperm motility in vitro. Hexadecanamide can be studied in research for mastitis and asthenozoospermia.
    Hexadecanamide
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Species Source
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity
PPAR Isoform Comparison

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