Ceftazidime dihydrochloride
Based on 46 publication(s) in Google Scholar
Ceftazidime (GR20263) dihydrochloride is a cephalosporin β-lactam antibiotic. Ceftazidime dihydrochloride exhibits activity against susceptible Enterobacteriaceae, multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and bacteria producing Ambler class A, C, and some class D β-lactamases, but shows no activity against microorganisms producing metallo-β-lactamases. Ceftazidime dihydrochloride reduces bacterial loads in mouse models of splenic, hepatic, and thigh infections, but has low efficacy against ESBL- and KPC-producing Enterobacteriaceae. Ceftazidime dihydrochloride can be used in research related to complicated urinary tract infections, complicated intra-abdominal infections, hospital-acquired pneumonia, carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae infections, carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales infections, and severe Gram-negative bacterial infections.
For research use only. We do not sell to patients.
- CAS No.: 73547-70-3
- Formula: C22H24Cl2N6O7S2
- Molecular Weight:619.50
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Storage:
Please store the product under the recommended conditions in the Certificate of Analysis.
Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Ceftazidime dihydrochloride
More- Bioact Mater. 2026 Apr 9:63:373-389. [Abstract]
- Nat Commun. 2022 Mar 2;13(1):1116. [Abstract]
- J Clin Invest. 2026 Feb 23;11(4):e197773. [Abstract]
- Adv Sci (Weinh). 2020 Jul 21;7(17):2001374. [Abstract]
- J Exp Med. 2026 Mar 2;223(3):e20241287. [Abstract]
- NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes. 2025 Mar 7;11(1):40. [Abstract]
- NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes. 2024 Oct 28;10(1):111. [Abstract]
- Pharmaceutics. 2023 Nov 30;15(12):2705. [Abstract]
- Virulence. 2026 Dec 31;17(1):2646808. [Abstract]
- Mol Syst Biol. 2025 Jun 30. [Abstract]
- BMC Microbiol. 2020 Jun 29;20(1):187. [Abstract]
- Molecules. 2025 Mar 9;30(6):1224. [Abstract]
- Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2025 Oct;66(4):107551. [Abstract]
- Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2025 Sep;66(3):107550. [Abstract]
- Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2018 Aug;52(2):269-271. [Abstract]
- Sci Rep. 2022 Oct 7;12(1):16814. [Abstract]
- Microorganisms. 2024 Mar 13;12(3):575. [Abstract]
- Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2026 Mar 23:e0186025. [Abstract]
- Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2025 May 7;69(5):e0179724. [Abstract]
- Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2025 Mar 5;69(3):e0151824. [Abstract]
- Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2023 Oct 18;67(10):e0030123. [Abstract]
- Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2018 Jul 27;62(8):e00414-18. [Abstract]
- J Antimicrob Chemother. 2026 Jun 3;81(7):dkag204. [Abstract]
- J Antimicrob Chemother. 2026 Feb 2;81(3):dkag034. [Abstract]
- J Antimicrob Chemother. 2026 Jan 19;81(2):dkaf495. [Abstract]
- J Antimicrob Chemother. 2025 Nov 5:dkaf408. [Abstract]
- Microbiol Spectr. 2023 Dec 12;11(6):e0304723. [Abstract]
- J Antimicrob Chemother. 2023 Apr 3;78(4):983-990. [Abstract]
- J Antimicrob Chemother. 2022 Sep 30;77(10):2803-2808. [Abstract]
- J Antimicrob Chemother. 2020 Sep 1;75(9):2609-2615. [Abstract]
- J Antimicrob Chemother. 2020 Jul 1;75(7):1850-1858. [Abstract]
- AMB Express. 2024 Dec 24;14(1):141. [Abstract]
- Infect Drug Resist. 2026 May 8;19.
- Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2025 Sep 29. [Abstract]
- Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2025 Jun;44(6):1493-1500. [Abstract]
- Adv Ther (Weinh). 2024 Jan 12.
- Infect Drug Resist. 2021 Jun 30;14:2499-2507. [Abstract]
- Infect Genet Evol. 2025 Sep:133:105780. [Abstract]
- J Antibiot (Tokyo). 2026 Feb 17. [Abstract]
- J Antibiot (Tokyo). 2023 Apr;76(4):225-235. [Abstract]
- Res Sq. 2026 Mar 10.
- Res Sq. 2026 Mar 9.
- bioRxiv. 2024 May 10.
- bioRxiv. 2024 Feb 9.
- Biomed Pharmacother. 2023 Dec 31:169:115856. [Abstract]
- Patent. US20200101105A1.
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Microbiological Assay
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Microbiological Assay
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Microbiological Assay
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In Vivo Efficacy Study
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Microbiological Assay
All Antibiotic Isoforms
More
Biological Activity
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β-lactam |
Ceftazidime dihydrochloride has no in vitro activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae carrying blaKPC-2 and blaOXA-232, with an MIC50 of 32 mg/L and MIC90 of >256 mg/L for blaKPC-2-positive strains and an MIC of >32 mg/L for the blaOXA-232-positive strain[3].
Ceftazidime (8-128 μg/mL) displays highly variable in vitro activity against clinical Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates, with modal MICs ranging from 8 μg/mL to >128 μg/mL[5].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
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Cell Line:Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates
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Concentration:8-128 μg/mL
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Incubation Time:/
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Result:Displayed highly variable in vitro activity against clinical Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates.
Ceftazidime (3-16 mg/kg; s.c.; 13 doses over 24 hours; 24 hours) dihydrochloride demonstrates limited in vivo efficacy in neutropenic mice, only reducing bacterial density in 23% of tested ceftazidime-resistant Enterobacteriaceae isolates and failing to act against isolates with ceftazidime MICs of >128 μg/mL[5].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
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Animal Model:ICR mice (female, ~25 g, neutropenic with renal impairment, bacterial thigh infection model)[5]
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Dosage:3 mg/kg, 4.5 mg/kg, 13 mg/kg, 16 mg/kg
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Administration:s.c.; 13 doses over 24 hours at specified intervals; 24 hours
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Result:Reduced bacterial density after 24 hours against 3 (23%) of 13 tested Enterobacteriaceae isolates.
Failed to show activity against 10 of 13 Enterobacteriaceae isolates (all with ceftazidime MICs of >128 μg/mL).
Resulted in reductions in log10 CFU relative to 0-hour controls against two Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates (ceftazidime MICs of 64 μg/mL and 128 μg/mL), consistent with historical data.
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Animal Model:ICR mice (female, ~25 g, immunocompetent, bacterial thigh infection model)[5]
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Dosage:3 mg/kg, 4.5 mg/kg, 13 mg/kg, 16 mg/kg
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Administration:s.c.; 13 doses over 24 hours at specified intervals; 24 hours
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Result:Caused treatment-related mortality in 2 of the treated mice, which failed to survive to 24 hours.
Produced variable reductions in bacterial density relative to 24-hour controls across tested Enterobacteriaceae isolates (all with ceftazidime MICs of >128 μg/mL).
Chemical Information
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CAS No. 73547-70-3
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Molecular Weight 619.50
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Formula C22H24Cl2N6O7S2
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SMILES
[O-]C(C1=C(C[N+]2=CC=CC=C2)CS[C@@]([C@@H]3NC(/C(C4=CSC(N)=N4)=N\OC(C)(C)C(O)=O)=O)([H])N1C3=O)=O.Cl.Cl
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Synonyms
GR20263 dihydrochloride
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Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Storage
Please store the product under the recommended conditions in the Certificate of Analysis.
Publications (46)
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Journal Impact Factor
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Most Recent
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Bioact Mater
Melatonin-incorporated brain extracellular matrix hydrogel enhances NSCs mitochondrial metabolism to promote neuroregeneration via the AMPK-PGC-1α-NRF1/TFAM axis after spinal cord injury. [Abstract]2026 Apr 9:63:373-389. PMID: 42006003 -
Nat Commun
Antimicrobial resistance and population genomics of multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli in pig farms in mainland China. [Abstract]2022 Mar 2;13(1):1116. PMID: 35236849 -
J Clin Invest
SARS-CoV-2 antibody-dependent enhancement of infection depends on antibody binding to both ACE2 and Fc receptors. [Abstract]2026 Feb 23;11(4):e197773. PMID: 41729079 -
Adv Sci (Weinh)
A Macromolecule Reversing Antibiotic Resistance Phenotype and Repurposing Drugs as Potent Antibiotics. [Abstract]2020 Jul 21;7(17):2001374. PMID: 32995131 -
J Exp Med
2026 Mar 2;223(3):e20241287. PMID: 41400657 -
NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes
Echinacoside reduces intracellular c-di-GMP levels and potentiates tobramycin activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm aggregates. [Abstract]2025 Mar 7;11(1):40. PMID: 40055321 -
NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes
Gut microbiota dysbiosis-mediated ceramides elevation contributes to corticosterone-induced depression by impairing mitochondrial function. [Abstract]2024 Oct 28;10(1):111. PMID: 39468065 -
Pharmaceutics
2023 Nov 30;15(12):2705. PMID: 38140046 -
Virulence
Antibacterial efficacy and mechanism of the novel antimicrobial peptide lachnospirin-1 against Acinetobacter baumannii. [Abstract]2026 Dec 31;17(1):2646808. PMID: 41838520 -
Mol Syst Biol
2025 Jun 30. PMID: 40588570
Ceftazidime dihydrochloride purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Mol Syst Biol. 2025 Jun 30. [Abstract]
Growth and cadaverine production dynamics in E. coli treated with 20 µM of Ceftazidime. Treated cultures show a brief period where the optical density (Absorbance, 595 nm) increases, concurrent with a burst of cadaverine production far above untreated levels. This indicates that this β-lactam antibiotic does not immediately kill the cells but allows for a brief period of growth and stress-induced polyamine production prior to bacterial cell lysis. Lines indicate the mean, and shaded areas the standard deviation of n = 6 biological replicates.
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BMC Microbiol
Evaluation of the Etest and disk diffusion method for detection of the activity of ceftazidime-avibactam against Enterobacterales and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in China. [Abstract]2020 Jun 29;20(1):187. PMID: 32600252 -
Molecules
Seeking Correlation Among Porin Permeabilities and Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations Through Machine Learning: A Promising Route to the Essential Molecular Descriptors. [Abstract]2025 Mar 9;30(6):1224. PMID: 40142001 -
Int J Antimicrob Agents
Elucidating adaptive compensatory tigecycline resistance mechanisms of RamA, RarA and SoxS in Klebsiella pneumoniae. [Abstract]2025 Oct;66(4):107551. PMID: 40499596 -
Int J Antimicrob Agents
In vitro activity of cefepime-zidebactam, ceftolozane-tazobactam, ceftazidime-avibactam, imipenem-relebactam, and other comparators against imipenem-non-susceptible Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Taiwan, 2022. [Abstract]2025 Sep;66(3):107550. PMID: 40480535 -
Int J Antimicrob Agents
Activity of TP-6076 against carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolates collected from inpatients in Greek hospitals. [Abstract]2018 Aug;52(2):269-271. PMID: 29559273 -
Sci Rep
Activity of newest generation β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor combination therapies against multidrug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa. [Abstract]2022 Oct 7;12(1):16814. PMID: 36207358 -
Microorganisms
Antimicrobial Resistance and Genomic Characteristics of Escherichia coli Strains Isolated from the Poultry Industry in Henan Province, China. [Abstract]2024 Mar 13;12(3):575. PMID: 38543626
Ceftazidime dihydrochloride purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Microorganisms. 2024 Mar 13;12(3):575. [Abstract]
Percentages of E. coli strains showing antimicrobial resistance to different antimicrobial agents. AMP, Ampicillin; CAZ, Ceftazidime; IPM, Imipenem; MRP, Meropenem; GEN, Gentamicin; OFX, Ofloxacin; SXT, Trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole; TET, Tetracycline; TGC, Tigecycline; CL, Colistin; FFC, Florfenicol.
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Antimicrob Agents Chemother
Clinical and genomic determinants associated with emergent ceftazidime-avibactam plus aztreonam non-susceptibility in ceftazidime-avibactam resistant Escherichia coli. [Abstract]2026 Mar 23:e0186025. PMID: 41870042 -
Antimicrob Agents Chemother
PKPD modeling of the inoculum effect of combined ceftazidime/avibactam and colistin against KPC-3 Klebsiella pneumoniae isolate. [Abstract]2025 May 7;69(5):e0179724. PMID: 40227072 -
Antimicrob Agents Chemother
Prediction of higher ceftazidime-avibactam concentrations in the human renal interstitium compared with unbound plasma using a minimal physiologically based pharmacokinetic model developed in rats and pigs through microdialysis. [Abstract]2025 Mar 5;69(3):e0151824. PMID: 39912660 -
Antimicrob Agents Chemother
An improved PKPD modeling approach to characterize the pharmacodynamic interaction over time between ceftazidime/avibactam and colistin from in vitro time-kill experiments against multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates. [Abstract]2023 Oct 18;67(10):e0030123. PMID: 37681977 -
Antimicrob Agents Chemother
Aztreonam-Avibactam Combination Restores Susceptibility of Aztreonam in Dual-Carbapenemase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae. [Abstract]2018 Jul 27;62(8):e00414-18. PMID: 29760136 -
J Antimicrob Chemother
Harnessing metabolic dependence-driven antibiotic synergy to eradicate tolerant Pseudomonas aeruginosa. [Abstract]2026 Jun 3;81(7):dkag204. PMID: 42267541 -
J Antimicrob Chemother
Comparative activity of established versus new-generation β-lactams against AmpC-hyperproducing clinical isolates of Enterobacter cloacae complex and Klebsiella aerogenes: a multicentre study. [Abstract]2026 Feb 2;81(3):dkag034. PMID: 41648989 -
J Antimicrob Chemother
Ceftazidime/avibactam: a potent arsenal against multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa-unveiling in vitro and in vivo strategies. [Abstract]2026 Jan 19;81(2):dkaf495. PMID: 41549665 -
J Antimicrob Chemother
Unravelling the triad of penicillin-binding proteins, β-lactamase activity, and mRNA dynamics in Pseudomonas aeruginosa AmpC induction. [Abstract]2025 Nov 5:dkaf408. PMID: 41206063 -
Microbiol Spectr
In vitro activity of cefiderocol against Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from cystic fibrosis patients. [Abstract]2023 Dec 12;11(6):e0304723. PMID: 37982634 -
J Antimicrob Chemother
In vivo efficacy & resistance prevention of cefiderocol in combination with ceftazidime/avibactam, ampicillin/sulbactam or meropenem using human-simulated regimens versus Acinetobacter baumannii. [Abstract]2023 Apr 3;78(4):983-990. PMID: 36775993 -
J Antimicrob Chemother
In vivo translational assessment of the GES genotype on the killing profile of ceftazidime, ceftazidime/avibactam and meropenem against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. [Abstract]2022 Sep 30;77(10):2803-2808. PMID: 35848936
Ceftazidime dihydrochloride purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: J Antimicrob Chemother. 2022 Sep 30;77(10):2803-2808. [Abstract]
In vivo change in log10 cfu/thigh of each isolate treated with saline control, Ceftazidime 2 g IV q8h 2 h infusion HSR, Ceftazidime/Avibactam 2.5 g q8h 2 h infusion HSR or meropenem 2 g q8h 3 h infusion HSR for three P. aeruginosa with inserted GES β-lactamases. (a) PSA 2136, with inserted GES-1 (ESBL). (b) PSA 2137, with inserted GES-5 (carbapenemase). (c) PSA 2138, with inserted GES-15. P values in the boxes represent the results from one-way ANOVA; P values are presented if between-group differences were present. The x-axis describes the treatment HSR [MIC (mg/L), % fT>MIC]. CAZ, Ceftazidime; CAZ-AVI, Ceftazidime/Avibactam; MEM, meropenem.
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J Antimicrob Chemother
Evaluation of the in vitro activity of new polymyxin B analogue SPR206 against clinical MDR, colistin-resistant and tigecycline-resistant Gram-negative bacilli. [Abstract]2020 Sep 1;75(9):2609-2615. PMID: 32591806 -
J Antimicrob Chemother
In vitro activity of the novel β-lactamase inhibitor taniborbactam (VNRX-5133), in combination with cefepime or meropenem, against MDR Gram-negative bacterial isolates from China. [Abstract]2020 Jul 1;75(7):1850-1858. PMID: 32154866
Ceftazidime dihydrochloride purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: J Antimicrob Chemother. 2020 Jul 1;75(7):1850-1858. [Abstract]
The cumulative MIC distributions of Cefepime/Taniborbactam, Ceftazidime/Avibactam and comparator Meropenem for 500 tested isolates. The MICs of cefepime and Cefepime/Taniborbactam shown in the figure were tested by the broth microdilution method. The MICs of Meropenem shown in the figure were tested by the agar dilution method. SS, susceptible to all tested β-lactams. SS-P. aeruginosa, meropenem-susceptible P. aeruginosa. Nine IMP producers included three blaIMP-producing P. aeruginosa.
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AMB Express
Repurposing pinaverium bromide against Staphylococcus and its biofilms with new mechanisms. [Abstract]2024 Dec 24;14(1):141. PMID: 39718732
Ceftazidime dihydrochloride purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: AMB Express. 2024 Dec 24;14(1):141. [Abstract]
Combinational antimicrobial effects between PVB and conventional antibiotics against MRSA ATCC 43,300. TET, Tetracycline. DOX, Doxycycline. E, Erythromycin. AZI, Azithromycin. P, Penicillin. CAZ, Ceftazidime. AMP, Ampicillin. CEZ, Cefazolin. CEF, Cefotaxime. OXA, Oxacillin. CRO, Ceftriaxone. AMK, Amikacin. GEN, Gentamycin, KANA, Kanamycin. TOB, Tobramycin. SPC, Spectinomycin.
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Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis
Evaluation of EUCAST rapid antimicrobial susceptibility testing (RAST) for carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae with focus on KPC variants. [Abstract]2025 Sep 29. PMID: 41023358 -
Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis
Pharmacodynamic target attainment of the synergism of ceftazidime-avibactam in combination with amikacin against OXA-producing extensively drug-resistant or pan drug-resistant (XDR/PDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa. [Abstract]2025 Jun;44(6):1493-1500. PMID: 40056304 -
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Infect Drug Resist
In vitro Activity of Meropenem-Vaborbactam versus Other Antibiotics Against Carbapenem-Resistant Escherichia coli from Southeastern China. [Abstract]2021 Jun 30;14:2499-2507. PMID: 34234477 -
Infect Genet Evol
Polymyxin B combined with amikacin delays the resistance of Klebsiella pneumoniae to polymyxin B by modulating the expression of NlpE. [Abstract]2025 Sep:133:105780. PMID: 40480594 -
J Antibiot (Tokyo)
Meropenem, Ceftazidime, and Polymyxin B combination therapy: a novel approach to combat antimicrobial resistance in MDR, XDR and PDR Escherichia coli. [Abstract]2026 Feb 17. PMID: 41703045 -
J Antibiot (Tokyo)
Impact of short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) on antimicrobial activity of new β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor combinations and on virulence of Escherichia coli isolates. [Abstract]2023 Apr;76(4):225-235. PMID: 36726014 -
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Biomed Pharmacother
The enhancement effect of small molecule Lyb24 reveals AzoR as a novel target of polymyxin B. [Abstract]2023 Dec 31:169:115856. PMID: 37949698 -
Purity & Documentation
References
[4]. Lu G, et al. In vitro and in vivo Antimicrobial Activities of Ceftazidime/Avibactam Alone or in Combination with Aztreonam Against Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacterales. Infection and drug resistance. 2022;15:7107-7116. [Content Brief]
[5]. MacVane SH, et al.. In vivo efficacy of humanized exposures of Ceftazidime-Avibactam in comparison with Ceftazidime against contemporary Enterobacteriaceae isolates. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy. 2014 Nov;58(11):6913-9. [Content Brief]
Calculators
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
- Ceftazidime
- 73547-70-3
- GR20263
- GR 20263
- GR-20263
- Antibiotic
- Bacterial
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa
- β-lactamase-producing bacteria
- Gram-negative bacteria
- metallo-β-lactamase-producing organisms
- Enterobacteriaceae
- murine spleen
- murine thigh infection models
- carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales
- murine liver
- Klebsiella pneumoniae
- Inhibitor
- inhibitor
- inhibit