PKD

The PKD group encodes protein kinase D enzymes, a CAMK-branch family defined by an N-terminal tandem C1 phorbol ester and diacylglycerol-binding domain, a central pleckstrin homology domain, and a C-terminal catalytic domain. Novel PKC isoforms activate PKD by phosphorylating its activation loop after diacylglycerol recruitment to membranes. PKD1, PKD2, and PKD3 regulate vesicular trafficking from the Golgi, secretory transport, cell migration, and proliferation. They phosphorylate class IIa histone deacetylases, linking hypertrophic and immune signals to the nucleus, and control insulin secretion and lymphocyte trafficking. Dysregulated PKD signaling contributes to cardiac hypertrophy, inflammatory disease, and multiple cancers, and PKD inhibitors are under preclinical investigation.