Hormones

Melengestrol acetate-d₃ is the deuterium labeled Melengestrol acetate. Melengestrol acetate is a progesterone derivative, acts as an orally active corticosteroid hormone to promote endometrial proliferation, pregnancy maintenance, and delay of menstrual activity. Melengestrol Acetate is used as a contraceptive agent for growth promoting effects and suppression of estrus in animals. Melengestrol acetate inhibits both the androgen-dependent and -independent prostatic tumors in vivo and can be used for cancer research.

Estradiol-d₂ is the deuterium labeled Estradiol. Estradiol is a steroid sex hormone vital to the maintenance of fertility and secondary sexual characteristics in females. Estradiol upregulates IL-6 expression through the estrogen receptor β (ERβ) pathway.

Estriol-d₂ is the deuterium labeled Estriol. Estriol is an antagonist of the G-protein coupled estrogen receptor in estrogen receptor-negative breast cancer cells.

Estriol-d₃ is the deuterium labeled Estriol. Estriol is an antagonist of the G-protein coupled estrogen receptor in estrogen receptor-negative breast cancer cells.

Cholesterol-¹³C₃ is the ¹³C-labeled Cholesterol. Cholesterol is the major sterol in mammals. It is making up 20-25% of structural component of the plasma membrane. Plasma membranes are highly permeable to water but relatively impermeable to ions and protons. Cholesterol plays an important role in determining the fluidity and permeability characteristics of the membrane as well as the function of both the transporters and signaling proteins. Cholesterol is also an endogenous estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα) agonist.

5α-Androstenone-d₄ is the deuterium labeled 5α-Androstenone.

6-keto Prostaglandin F1α-d₄ is the deuterium labeled 6-keto Prostaglandin F1α.

7-Dehydrocholesterol-d₇ is the deuterium labeled 7-Dehydrocholesterol. 7-Dehydrocholesterol is biosynthetic precursor of cholesterol and vitamin D3.

Dexamethasone-d₅ is the deuterium labeled Dexamethasone. Dexamethasone (Hexadecadrol) is a glucocorticoid receptor agonist. Dexamethasone also significantly decreases CD11b, CD18, and CD62L expression on neutrophils, and CD11b and CD18 expression on monocytes. Dexamethasone is highly effective in the control of COVID-19 infection. Dexamethasone inhibits production of exosomes containing inflammatory microRNA-155 in lipopolysaccharide-induced macrophage inflammatory responses.

Norgestrel-d₆ is the deuterium labeled Levonorgestrel. Levonorgestrel is a synthetic progestogen used as an active ingredient in some hormonal contraceptives. Norgestrel-d6 is a click chemistry reagent, it contains an Alkyne group and can undergo copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) with molecules containing Azide groups.

2,4-D-¹³C₆ is the ¹³C-labeled 2,4-D (HY-18572). 2,4-D (2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid) is a selective systemic herbicide for the control of broad-leaved weeds. 2,4-D acts as a plant hormone, causing uncontrolled growth in the meristematic tissues. 2,4-D inhibits DNA and protein synthesis and thereby prevents normal plant growth and development.

Mometasone furoate-d₃ is a deuterium labeled Mometasone furoate. Mometasone furoate (Sch32088) is a glucocorticoid receptor agonist with anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic activity.

Cholesterol-¹³C₅ is the ¹³C-labeled Cholesterol. Cholesterol is the major sterol in mammals. It is making up 20-25% of structural component of the plasma membrane. Plasma membranes are highly permeable to water but relatively impermeable to ions and protons. Cholesterol plays an important role in determining the fluidity and permeability characteristics of the membrane as well as the function of both the transporters and signaling proteins. Cholesterol is also an endogenous estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα) agonist.

Estrone-d₂ is the deuterium labeled Estrone. Estrone (E1) is a natural estrogenic hormone. Estrone is the main representative of the endogenous estrogens and is produced by several tissues, especially adipose tissue. Estrone is the result of the process of aromatization of androstenedione that occurs in fat cells.

15-Deoxy-Δ-12,14-prostaglandin J2-d₄ is the deuterium labeled 15-Deoxy-Δ-12,14-prostaglandin J2. 15-Deoxy-Δ-12,14-prostaglandin J2 (15d-PGJ2) is a cyclopentenone prostaglandin and a metabolite of PGD2. 15-Deoxy-Δ-12,14-prostaglandin J2 is a selective PPARγ (EC₅₀ of 2 μM) and a covalent PPARδ agonist. 15-Deoxy-Δ-12,14-prostaglandin J2 promotes efficient differentiation of C3H10T1/2 fibroblasts to adipocytes with an EC₅₀ of 7 μM.

Spironolactone-d₇ is the deuterium labeled Spironolactone. Spironolactone (SC9420) is an orally active aldosterone mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist with an IC₅₀ of 24 nM. Spironolactone is also a potent antagonist of androgen receptor with an IC₅₀ of 77 nM. Spironolactone promotes autophagy in podocytes.

16α-Hydroxydehydroepiandrosterone-d₆ (16α-Hydroxy-DHEA-d₆) is the deuterium labeled 16α-Hydroxydehydroepiandrosterone.

Pregnanediol 3-glucuronide is the main end-metabolite of Progesterone (HY-N0437). Pregnanediol 3-glucuronide is a metabolite of Progesterone formed by hydroxylation and glucuronidation in the liver, with high hydrophilicity and easy excretion through urine. Pregnanediol 3-glucuronide excretion rate of ≥ 9 μmol/24 h can serve as biochemical evidence of ovulation. Pregnanediol 3-glucuronide reflects the quality of the luteal phase, and a level of < 7 μmol/24 h may indicate anovulation or luteal insufficiency. Pregnanediol 3-glucuronide holds significant importance in monitoring female reproductive health, assessing pregnancy, and diagnosing endocrine disorders.

Methylprednisolone-d₃ is the deuterium labeled Methylprednisolone. Methylprednisolone is a synthetic corticosteroid with anti-inflammatory and immunomodulating properties. Methylprednisolone improve severe or critical COVID-19 by activating ACE2 and reducing IL-6 levels.

Spironolactone-d₃ is the deuterium labeled Spironolactone. Spironolactone (SC9420) is an orally active aldosterone mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist with an IC₅₀ of 24 nM. Spironolactone is also a potent antagonist of androgen receptor with an IC₅₀ of 77 nM. Spironolactone promotes autophagy in podocytes.