Isotope-Labeled Fatty Esters

L-Palmitoylcarnitine-d₃ hydrochloride is the deuterium labeled L-Palmitoylcarnitine hydrochloride. L-Palmitoylcarnitine hydrochloride, a long-chain acylcarnitine and a fatty acid metabolite, accumulates in the sarcolemma and deranges the membrane lipid environment during ischaemia. L-Palmitoylcarnitine hydrochloride inhibits KATP channel activity, without affecting the single channel conductance, through interaction with Kir6.2.

L-Carnitine-d₉ is the deuterium labeled L-Carnitine. L-Carnitine (Levocarnitine) is an endogenous molecule involved in fatty acid metabolism, biosynthesized within the human body using amino acids: L-lysine and L-methionine, as substrates. L-Carnitine functions to transport long chain fatty acyl-CoAs into the mitochondria for degradation by β-oxidation. L-carnitine can ameliorate metabolic imbalances in many inborn errors of metabolism.

Methyl heptadecanoate-d₃₃ is the deuterium labeled Methyl heptadecanoate (HY-W004290). Methyl heptadecanoate (C17:0 methyl ester) is the methyl ester derivative of heptadecanoic acid (HY-W004284). Methyl heptadecanoate is used as an internal standard for quantitative calibration of fatty acids in GC-MS analysis.

Acetyl coenzyme A-¹³C₂ lithium is the ¹³C-labeled Acetyl coenzyme A (HY-114293). Acetyl-coenzyme A (Acetyl-CoA) is a membrane-impermeant central metabolic intermediate, participates in the TCA cycle and oxidative phosphorylation metabolism. Acetyl-coenzyme A, regulates various cellular mechanisms by providing (sole donor) acetyl groups to target amino acid residues for post-translational acetylation reactions of proteins. Acetyl Coenzyme A is also a key precursor of lipid synthesis.

Acetyl coenzyme A-d₃ (Acetyl-CoA-d₃) is the deuterium labeled Acetyl coenzyme A (HY-114293). Acetyl-coenzyme A (Acetyl-CoA) is a membrane-impermeant central metabolic intermediate, participates in the TCA cycle and oxidative phosphorylation metabolism. Acetyl-coenzyme A, regulates various cellular mechanisms by providing (sole donor) acetyl groups to target amino acid residues for post-translational acetylation reactions of proteins. Acetyl Coenzyme A is also a key precursor of lipid synthesis.

Lauroyl-L-carnitine-d₉ chloride is the deuterium labeled Lauroyl-L-carnitine chloride (HY-130321). Lauroyl-L-carnitine chloride is an orally active metabolite. Lauroyl-L-carnitine chloride significantly reverses the decrease in its target gene IL-10. Lauroyl-L-carnitine chloride alleviates Crohn' s-like colitis.

Ethyl nonanoate-d₁₇ is the deuterated-labeled Ethyl nonanoate (HY-129623). Ethyl nonanoate is an orally active medium-chain fatty acid ethyl ester and aroma compound present in Laimao baijiu, cachaca, and distilled spirits. Ethyl nonanoate is catalytically converted to azelaic acid as a nonanoic acid precursor derivative with cytotoxicity. Ethyl nonanoate is used as a food flavoring agent. Ethyl nonanoate exhibits antifungal activity.

1,2-Dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphopropanol sodium (18:1 Phosphatidylpropanol sodium) is a bioactive phospholipid that has the capability to be used in mass spectrometry analysis and is able to effectively quantify Peth in human blood.

DL-Mevalonolactone-d₇ is the deuterium labeled DL-Mevalonolactone. DL-Mevalonolactone ((±)-Mevalonolactone) is the δ-lactone form of mevalonic acid, a precursor in the mevalonate pathway. DL-Mevalonolactone (Mevalonolactone) decreases mitochondrial membrane potential (?Ψm), NAD(P)H content and the capacity to retain Ca2+ in the brain, besides inducing mitochondrial swelling.

Butyryl-L-carnitine-d₃ (chloride) is the deuterium labeled Butyryl-L-carnitine chloride.

L-Octanoylcarnitine-d₉ is deuterium labeled L-Octanoylcarnitine. L-Octanoylcarnitine is a plasma metabolite and a physiologically active form of octanoylcarnitine. L-Octanoylcarnitine can be used for the research of breast cancer.
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Oleoylcarnitine-d₉ is deuterium labeled Oleoylcarnitine. Oleoylcarnitine, the metabolite which accumulates through suppression of fatty acid β-oxidation, can enhance hepatocarcinogenesis via STAT3 activation.

Ethyl octanoate-d₁₅ is the deuterium labeled Ethyl octanoate.

Ethyl palmitate-d₃₁ is the deuterium labeled Ethyl palmitate. Ethyl palmitate, a fatty acid ethyl ester (FAEE), shows a marked preference for the synthesis of ethyl palmitate and ethyl oleate over other FAEEs in human subjects after ethanol consumption. Ethyl palmitate is used as a hair- and skin-conditioning agent.

Methyl stearate-d₃₅ is the deuterium labeled Methyl stearate (HY-B1934) . Methyl stearate, isolated from Rheum palmatum L. is a compopent of of soybean and rapeseed biodiesels.

3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-Coenzyme A-d₃ (ammonium) is the deuterium labeled 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-Coenzyme A ammonium.

Methyl tetradecanoate-d₂₇ is the deuterium labeled Methyl myristate. Methyl myristate is a saturated fatty acid methyl ester obtained from the esterification of myristic acid. Methyl myristate shows a high melanin induction in B16F10 melanoma.

C26 D,L-Carnitine-d₉ is deuterium labeled C26 D,L-Carnitine.

16:0 Coenzyme A-d₄ is deuterium labeled 16:0 Coenzyme A.

9-PAHSA-¹³C₄ is ¹³C-labeled 9-PAHSA. 9-PAHSAis an orally active endogenous GPR120 agonist (EC₅₀=18 μM). 9-PAHSAsignificantly inhibits LPS-induced inflammatory responses by blocking the NF-κB pathway. 9-PAHSAinduces adipocyte browning, enhances glucose uptake and reduces lipid accumulation, while improving mitochondrial function and the survival rate of steatotic hepatocytes. In terms of neuroprotection, 9-PAHSAregulates the expression of REST and BDNF in the prefrontal cortex of diabetic mice, and effectively prevents spatial working memory deficits and abnormal social behaviors. 9-PAHSAdoes not directly regulate insulin secretion or improve systemic insulin sensitivity, and possesses specific anti-inflammatory, metabolic regulatory and neuroprotective properties. 9-PAHSAcan be used in the research of diabetes-related cognitive impairment, obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.