Prostaglandins

(±)5-iPF2α-VI (5-iso Prostaglandin F2α-VI) is the racemate of 5-iPF2α-VI. 5-iPF2α-VI is a regioisomeric isoprostane formed from arachidonic acid (AA) and is a biomarker of oxidative stress.

15-deoxy-Δ12,14-Prostaglandin J2 glutathione (15-deoxy-Δ12,14-PGJ2 glutathione) is a non-enzymatic adduct formed from 15-deoxy-Δ12,14-PGJ2 and glutathione. The biological properties of this compound have not been characterized.

Prostaglandin F2α serinol amide is a serinolamide G protein-coupled receptor that increases calcium levels in human non-small cell lung cancer cells. Prostaglandin F2α is also a luteinizing hormone in sheep and may be a nociceptive mediator in the spinal cord.

Prostaglandin G2 is a prostaglandin peroxide. Prostaglandin G2 acts as a precursor for thromboxane A₂ production, inducing platelet aggregation and serotonin release. Prostaglandin G2 also induces cerebral arteriole injury in anesthetized cats via the generation of reactive oxygen free radicals, triggering persistent vasodilation, reduced reactivity to hypocapnia, and endothelial damage. Prostaglandin G2 can be used in studies related to cerebral arteriole injury.

Bimatoprost acid (17-Phenyl trinor PGF2α), the acid hydrolysis product of Bimatoprost (HY-B0191), is a potent agonist of prostaglandin FP receptor.

19(R)-Hydroxy-prostaglandin F2α (19(R)-hydroxy PGF2α) is an ω-1 hydroxylase metabolite of PGF2α found in human semen. The concentration of 19(R)-Hydroxy-PGFs compounds (F2α and F1α together) in fresh human semen is about 20 μg/mL. 19(R)-Hydroxy-prostaglandin F2α exhibits no activity at the FP receptor of the cat iris sphincter muscle at concentrations up to 1 μM.

(5Z,13E)-9Alpha-hydroxy-11,15-dioxoprosta-5,13-dienoate (15-Dehydro-prostaglandin D2) is a class of eicosanoids.

Dinorprostaglandin E1 (dinor-PGE1) is the hepatocyte metabolite of prostaglandin E1 and prostaglandin E. Prostaglandin E1 and prostaglandin E inhibit glucagon, epinephrine, isoproterenol (beta-adrenergic agonist), or epinephrine-stimulated glycogenolysis when co-treated with Isoproterenol (HY-B0468).

2,3-Dinor-8-iso prostaglandin F1α is an isoprostanoid that can be used as a biomarker to assess psychological stress.

19(R)-hydroxy Prostaglandin E2 (19(R)-hydroxy PGE2) is found in the semen of primates, including man. It is a potent smooth muscle relaxant and a selective agonist for the EP2 receptor. It has an EC₅₀ value of 200 nM for relaxing cat tracheal rings which express EP2 receptors.

19(R)-Hydroxy prostaglandin E1 (19(R)-Hydroxy PGE1), the major prostaglandin in primate semen, is an agonist of EP1 and EP3 receptor subtypes and exhibits contractile activity on smooth muscle preparations.

Prostaglandin E1 ethanolamide is an analog of prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) and may effectively inhibit GLI2-induced expression of target genes, including Gli1 and Ptch1, and tumor growth.

11-Deoxy-16,16-dimethyl-PGE2, a Prostaglandin E2 analog, is a EP2 and EP3 receptors agonist. 11-Deoxy-16,16-dimethyl-PGE2 protects proximal renal tubular epithelial cells from potent nephrotoxicity-induced cell damage by exerting anti-oxidative stress.

15-Deoxy-Δ12,14-prostaglandin A1 is a deoxyanalog of prostaglandins that inhibits NF-κB signaling and induces apoptosis. 15-Deoxy-Δ12,14-prostaglandin A1 inhibits TNF-α-induced upregulation of inflammatory endothelial cell adhesion molecule (CAM) and avoids monocyte arrest.

11-Deoxyprostaglandin F2α is an activator for TREK-2 channels with EC₅₀ of 0.294 μM. 11-Deoxyprostaglandin F2α inhibits the K2P channel TREK-1.

16,16-Dimethylprostaglandin F2β (16,16-Dimethyl-PGF2β) is an analog of PGF2β (HY-12956B), which is an irratant, but prevents the aspecifically induced bronchospasm.

Prostaglandin A3 is a non-enzymatic dehydration product of prostaglandin E3 (PGE3). Prostaglandin A3 showed good affinity for canine EP2 and EP4 receptors with IC₅₀ values of 120 and 20 nM, respectively. The K_i value of Prostaglandin A3 for human PPARγ was 188 μM.

Prostaglandin F2α-1-glyceryl ester can be oxidized by 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-HPGDH).

PGDM (Prostaglandin D Metabolite) is the main urinary metabolite of Prostaglandin D2 and is prone to reversible cyclization. PGDM may serve as a biomarker for the endogenous production of PGD2 or be used to evaluate the severity of acute allergic reactions.

Prostaglandin F2α alcohol (PGF2α alcohol) is an analog of PGF2α. Dinoprost (Prostaglandin F2α) is an orally active, potent prostaglandin F (PGF) receptor (FP receptor) agonist.