Minnelide free base
Based on 3 publication(s) in Google Scholar
Minnelide free base is a prodrug of Triptolide (HY-32735) that shows potent antitumor activity in a number of tumor types, particularly in pancreatic cancer. Minnelide free base promotes apoptosis.
For research use only. We do not sell to patients.
- CAS No.: 1254885-39-6
- Formula: C21H27O10P
- Molecular Weight:470.41
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Storage:
Please store the product under the recommended conditions in the Certificate of Analysis.
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Biological Activity
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Chemical Information
- Protocols
- Purity & Documentation
- References
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Help & FAQs
Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Minnelide free base
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Customer Validation & Images
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Cell Proliferation/Viability Assay
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Apoptosis Analysis
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WB
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In Vivo Efficacy Study
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In Vivo Imaging
Biological Activity
Description
In Vitro
Minnelide (0-200 nM; 48 hours) free base shows significantly decreased cell viability in pancreatic cancer cell lines after treatment in the presence, but not in the absence, of phosphatase[2].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only. Further protocols information, click here.
In Vivo
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Clinical Trial
| NCT Number | Sponsor | Condition | Start Date |
Phase
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| NCT01329991 | Plexxikon| | 2011-05 | PHASE1 |
Chemical Information
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CAS No. 1254885-39-6
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Molecular Weight 470.41
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Formula C21H27O10P
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SMILES
C[C@@]12[C@@]34[C@]([C@@H]5C[C@@]1([H])C6=C(C(OC6)=O)CC2)(O5)[C@@H]([C@](O7)(C(C)C)[C@@H]7[C@@H]3O4)OCOP(O)(O)=O
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Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Storage
Please store the product under the recommended conditions in the Certificate of Analysis.
Publications (3)
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Journal Impact Factor
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Most Recent
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J Clin Invest
Targeting CIC::DUX4 sarcoma with Minnelide in a dual recombinase-initiated genetically engineered mouse model. [Abstract]2026 Jun 16:e202218. PMID: 42302177 -
Phytomedicine
2024 Jul 25:130:155724. PMID: 38759317 -
Res Sq
Dual activity of Minnelide chemosensitize basal/triple negative breast cancer stem cells and reprograms immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. [Abstract]2024 Feb 22:rs.3.rs-3959342. PMID: 38464167
Minnelide free base purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Res Sq. 2024 Feb 22:rs.3.rs-3959342. [Abstract]
Human breast cancer cell lines, MDA-MB231, Sum159, ZR75–1, MCF7 AND murine breast cancer cell lines, EMT6, E00771, AT3 and 4T1 were incubated with indicated doses of Minnelide (0, 25, 50, 75, 100 μM) for 48 hours and cell viability was measured by MTT assay.
Minnelide free base purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Res Sq. 2024 Feb 22:rs.3.rs-3959342. [Abstract]
Breast cancer cell lines, MDA-MB-231 and MCF7 were incubated with indicated doses of Minnelide (0, 25, 50, 75 μM) for 48 hours and apoptotic cell death and CSC population was evaluated by flow cytometer.
Minnelide free base purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Res Sq. 2024 Feb 22:rs.3.rs-3959342. [Abstract]
Protein expression of HSP70/72, A20, Vimentin, MYC and BRD4 was shown in human MDA-MB-231 and murine 4T1 and EMT6 cell lines treated with increased dose of Minnelide in the presence and absence of recombinant human TGFβ.
Minnelide free base purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Res Sq. 2024 Feb 22:rs.3.rs-3959342. [Abstract]
Size of primary tumors and their weights at the end point of the experiment treated with single Minnelide (0.5 mg/kg).
Minnelide free base purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Res Sq. 2024 Feb 22:rs.3.rs-3959342. [Abstract]
Minnelide (0.5 mg/kg) alone significantly reduced the relapse after surgery, and it eliminated all residual tumors when combined with CTX. D. Survival rates of 4T1 tumor bearing mice before and after the resections.
Protocols
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Detection of Apoptosis
Apoptosis, also called programmed cell death, is generally characterized by distinct morphological characteristics.
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TUNEL staining for apoptotic DNA fragmentation
TUNEL staining detects DNA strand breaks by using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase to add labeled nucleotides to exposed 3′-OH DNA termini, generating either microscopic staining in fixed cells or tissue sections, or fluorescence/cytometric signal in cell suspensions. TUNEL positivity reflects DNA fragmentation but should not be interpreted alone as definitive apoptosis, because TUNEL can also label necrotic, autolytic, mechanically damaged, or DNA-repair-associated DNA breaks.
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Annexin V plus membrane-impermeant dye apoptosis staining
Annexin V-based apoptosis assays rely on the detection of phosphatidylserine (PS) externalization from the inner leaflet of the plasma membrane to the outer leaflet, an early biochemical hallmark of apoptosis. Fluorescently labeled Annexin V binds PS in a calcium-dependent manner, enabling identification of early apoptotic cells by flow cytometry or fluorescence microscopy. When combined with a membrane-impermeant DNA-binding dye (e. g. , propidium iodide), this approach allows discrimination between viable (Annexin V−/dye−), early apoptotic (Annexin V+/dye−), and late apoptotic or necrotic (Annexin V+/dye+) cell populations by assessing membrane integrity and PS exposure.
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Apoptosis Solutions
Apoptosis is a regulated, generally non-lytic cell-death pathway that removes unwanted, damaged, infected, or abnormal cells through coordinated morphological changes, caspase activation, DNA fragmentation, and membrane remodeling. The intrinsic apoptosis pathway is controlled mainly by mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization, BCL-2 family proteins, cytochrome c release, apoptosome formation, caspase-9 activation, and downstream executioner caspase-3/7 activation. The extrinsic apoptosis pathway is initiated by death receptors such as Fas, TNFR, and TRAIL receptors, which recruit adaptor proteins and activate caspase-8 before engaging executioner caspases or mitochondrial amplification through BID cleavage. Apoptosis is linked to many phenotypes, including cancer cell killing, tissue homeostasis, immune regulation, neurodegeneration, infection response, and treatment-induced cytotoxicity; unresolved questions include how apoptosis interacts with necroptosis, pyroptosis, ferroptos
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Subcutaneous Cell-Line-Derived Xenograft
Subcutaneous cell-line-derived xenograft (CDX) models are established by implanting cultured human cancer cell lines into immunodeficient mice, where the injected cells form localized tumors that can be monitored in vivo as a measure of tumorigenic potential, growth kinetics, and treatment response. These models are widely used in oncology research because they allow reproducible tumor formation and enable comparative assessment of tumor growth between different cell lines or genetic manipulations in a controlled in vivo microenvironment. Subcutaneous implantation of cancer cells in immunodeficient mice is a standard approach for evaluating tumor growth behavior and therapeutic response across multiple cancer types, including prostate, esophageal, pancreatic, and colon cancer models.
Purity & Documentation
References
[1]. Noel P, et al. Triptolide and Its Derivatives as Cancer Therapies. Trends Pharmacol Sci. 2019 May;40(5):327-341. [Content Brief]
[2]. Chugh R, et al. A preclinical evaluation of Minnelide as a therapeutic agent against pancreatic cancer. Sci Transl Med. 2012 Oct 17;4(156):156ra139. [Content Brief]
Calculators
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
Minnelide free base Related Classifications
HY-124584A Related Classifications
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