Bone Morphogenetic Protein 5
Bone Morphogenetic Protein 5 (BMP-5) is a ligand protein with pleiotropic, belongs to TGFβ family. BMP/TGFβ signaling to involve in vascular and valvular homeostasis, which is a critical process of embryonic development[1]. And BMP/TGFβ signaling can be terminated by inhibitory SMADs including SMAD6 and SMAD7, which are activated and induced by BMP signaling and switch off BMP signaling via multiple mechanisms[2]. BMP-5 silencing inhibits chondrocyte senescence and apoptosis as well as osteoarthritis (OA) progression by downregulating activity in the p38/ERK signaling pathway[3]. BMP-5 initiates the canonical BMP signaling cascade by associating with type I receptor BMPR1A and type II receptor BMPR2[4]. BMP-5 also triggers signal through non-canonical pathway such as MAPK p38 signaling cascade to promote chondrogenic differentiation[5]. BMP-5 specific expressing in neural crest progenitor cells is sufficient to induce cell proliferation through the Mek-Erk-Id3 signaling cascade, whereas disruption of this signaling cascade had no effect on cell survival[6].
- [1]. Yang P, et al. The role of bone morphogenetic protein signaling in vascular calcification. Bone. 2020 Dec;141:115542. [Content Brief]
- [2]. Miyazawa K, et al. Regulation of TGF-β Family Signaling by Inhibitory Smads. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 2017 Mar 1;9(3):a022095. [Content Brief]
- [3]. Shao Y, et al. BMP5 silencing inhibits chondrocyte senescence and apoptosis as well as osteoarthritis progression in mice. Aging (Albany NY). 2021 Mar 19;13(7):9646-9664. [Content Brief]
- [4]. Beck HN, et al. Bone morphogenetic protein-5 (BMP-5) promotes dendritic growth in cultured sympathetic neurons. BMC Neurosci. 2001;2:12. [Content Brief]
- [5]. Snelling SJ, et al. BMP5 activates multiple signaling pathways and promotes chondrogenic differentiation in the ATDC5 growth plate model. Growth Factors. 2010 Aug;28(4):268-79. [Content Brief]
- [6]. Shih HY, et al. Bmp5 Regulates Neural Crest Cell Survival and Proliferation via Two Different Signaling Pathways. Stem Cells. 2017 Apr;35(4):1003-1014. [Content Brief]