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  3. Pyraclostrobin

Pyraclostrobin is a highly effective and broad-spectrum strobilurin fungicide. Pyraclostrobin can induce oxidative DNA damage, mitochondrial dysfunction and autophagy through the activation of AMPK/mTOR signaling. Pyraclostrobin can be used to control crop diseases.

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Pyraclostrobin Chemical Structure

Pyraclostrobin Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 175013-18-0

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10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO
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Based on 1 publication(s) in Google Scholar

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Description

Pyraclostrobin is a highly effective and broad-spectrum strobilurin fungicide. Pyraclostrobin can induce oxidative DNA damage, mitochondrial dysfunction and autophagy through the activation of AMPK/mTOR signaling. Pyraclostrobin can be used to control crop diseases[1][2][3].

IC50 & Target

Bax

 

Bcl-2

 

In Vitro

Pyraclostrobin (10-80 μmol/L, 24 h) exhibits toxic effects in HepG2 cells[1].
Pyraclostrobin (10-80 μmol/L, 6 h) induced DNA damage and mitochondrial dysfunction in HepG2 cells[1].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Cell Viability Assay[1]

Cell Line: HepG2 cells
Concentration: 10 μmol/L, 20 μmol/L, 40 μmol/L, 80 μmol/L
Incubation Time: 24 h
Result: Inhibited cell survival in concentration-dependent manner with IC50 value of 30.22 μmol/L.

Western Blot Analysis[1]

Cell Line: HepG2 cells
Concentration: 10 μmol/L, 20 μmol/L, 40 μmol/L, 80 μmol/L
Incubation Time: 6 h
Result: Increased the content of cytochrome c (Cyt c) in the cytoplasm in a concentration-dependent way.
Increased pro-apoptotic protein Bax expression and down-regulated anti-apoptosis protein Bcl-2 expression.
In Vivo

Pyraclostrobin (0.01-0.08 μmol/L, Zebrafish larvae were subjected to pyraclostrobin exposure persisting until 72 h post fertilization) results in hepatomegaly in zebrafish larvae[1].
Pyraclostrobin (0.001-0.02 mg/L, Fish were assigned to a vessel containing 20 L of water dissolved Pyraclostrobin for 7-28 days) has the toxic effects on DNA damage and antioxidant enzymatic activities in the zebrafish liver[2].
Pyraclostrobin (33-48 μg/L, Zebrafish larvae at 4 days post fertilization (dpf) were transferred into 24-well plates and subjected to pyraclostrobin until 8 dpf) has toxic effects on zebrafish larvae[3].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Model: Zebrafish [2]
Dosage: 0.001 mg/L, 0.01 mg/L, 0.02 mg/L
Administration: Fish were assigned to a vessel containing 20 L of water dissolved Pyraclostrobin
Result: Showed higher ROS levels in zebrafish livers.
Decreased SOD levels and increased MDA levels.
Increased the olive tail moments as the dose increased on days 7, 14, 21, and 28.
Animal Model: Zebrafish larvae [3]
Dosage: 33 mg/L, 36 mg/L, 40 mg/L, 44 mg/L, 48 mg/L
Administration: Zebrafish larvae at 4 days post fertilization (dpf) were transferred into 24-well plates and subjected to pyraclostrobin until 8 dpf
Result: Damaged histological and subcellular structure of larval heart and brain.
Changed the expression level of cardiac muscle contraction pathway- and neural-related genes and proteins.
Impaired larval cardiac function and locomotor behavior.
Molecular Weight

387.82

Formula

C19H18ClN3O4

CAS No.
Appearance

Solid

Color

Off-white to light yellow

SMILES

COC(N(C1=C(C=CC=C1)COC2=NN(C3=CC=C(Cl)C=C3)C=C2)OC)=O

Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Storage

4°C, protect from light

*In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light)

Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro: 

DMSO : 100 mg/mL (257.85 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

Preparing
Stock Solutions
Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 2.5785 mL 12.8926 mL 25.7852 mL
5 mM 0.5157 mL 2.5785 mL 5.1570 mL
View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

  • Molarity Calculator

  • Dilution Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

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Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

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In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

  • Protocol 1

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    40% PEG300    5% Tween-80    45% Saline

    Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (5.36 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

    Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
  • Protocol 2

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    90% Corn Oil

    Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (5.36 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown). If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 900 μL Corn oil, and mix evenly.

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

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mg/kg

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g

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(per animal)

μL

Number of animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
%
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+
%
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%
Saline
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Calculation results:
Working solution concentration: mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL  DMSO (Stock solution concentration: mg/mL).

*In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light)

The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only. If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
Method for preparing in vivo working solution for animal experiments: Take μL DMSO stock solution, add μL . μL , mix evenly, next add μL Tween 80, mix evenly, then add μL Saline.
 If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Purity & Documentation

Purity: 99.91%

References

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
DMSO 1 mM 2.5785 mL 12.8926 mL 25.7852 mL 64.4629 mL
5 mM 0.5157 mL 2.5785 mL 5.1570 mL 12.8926 mL
10 mM 0.2579 mL 1.2893 mL 2.5785 mL 6.4463 mL
15 mM 0.1719 mL 0.8595 mL 1.7190 mL 4.2975 mL
20 mM 0.1289 mL 0.6446 mL 1.2893 mL 3.2231 mL
25 mM 0.1031 mL 0.5157 mL 1.0314 mL 2.5785 mL
30 mM 0.0860 mL 0.4298 mL 0.8595 mL 2.1488 mL
40 mM 0.0645 mL 0.3223 mL 0.6446 mL 1.6116 mL
50 mM 0.0516 mL 0.2579 mL 0.5157 mL 1.2893 mL
60 mM 0.0430 mL 0.2149 mL 0.4298 mL 1.0744 mL
80 mM 0.0322 mL 0.1612 mL 0.3223 mL 0.8058 mL
100 mM 0.0258 mL 0.1289 mL 0.2579 mL 0.6446 mL
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  • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

    Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

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