Sophoridine
Based on 6 publication(s) in Google Scholar
Sophoridine is a quinolizidine alkaloid isolated from Leguminous plant Sophora flavescens. Sophoridine induces apoptosis. Sophoridine has the potential to be a novel, potent and selective antitumor agent candidate for pancreatic cancer with well-tolerated toxicity.
For research use only. We do not sell to patients.
- Purity : 99.66%
- CAS No.: 6882-68-4
- Formula: C15H24N2O
- Molecular Weight:248.37
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Storage:Powder -20°C, 3 years , 4°C, 2 years ; In solvent -80°C, 2 years , -20°C, 1 year
To place orders, for customer services and technical support, please contact: MedChemExpress USA
Tel: 609-228-6898 E-mail: [email protected] [email protected]
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Biological Activity
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Chemical Information
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Solvent & Solubility
- Protocols
- Purity & Documentation
- References
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Help & FAQs
Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Sophoridine
More
Customer Validation & Images
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Cell Proliferation/Viability Assay
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Cell Imaging/Staining
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Apoptosis Analysis
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RT-PCR
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WB
Biological Activity
Description
Cellular Effect
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Cell Line
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Type | Value | Description | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| A549 | IC50 |
>80 μM
Compound: 1
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Antiproliferative activity against human A549 cells after 3 days by SRB assay
Antiproliferative activity against human A549 cells after 3 days by SRB assay
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[PMID: 26865176] |
| A549 | IC50 |
5836 μM
Compound: Sophoridine
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Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay
Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay
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[PMID: 30025344] |
| CNE-2 | IC50 |
5379 μM
Compound: Sophoridine
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Cytotoxicity against human CNE2 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay
Cytotoxicity against human CNE2 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay
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[PMID: 30025344] |
| HeLa | IC50 |
4332 μM
Compound: Sophoridine
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Antiproliferative activity against human HeLa cells by MTT assay
Antiproliferative activity against human HeLa cells by MTT assay
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[PMID: 30007563] |
| HepG2 | IC50 |
>20 μg/mL
Compound: 1
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Antiproliferative activity against human HepG2 cells assessed as growth inhibition after 48 hrs by MTT assay
Antiproliferative activity against human HepG2 cells assessed as growth inhibition after 48 hrs by MTT assay
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[PMID: 24826818] |
| HepG2 | IC50 |
>80 μM
Compound: 1
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Cytotoxicity against human HepG2 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay
Cytotoxicity against human HepG2 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay
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[PMID: 25408835] |
| HepG2 | IC50 |
1160 μg/mL
Compound: Sophoridine
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Antiproliferative activity against human HepG2 cells incubated for 48 hrs by MTT assay
Antiproliferative activity against human HepG2 cells incubated for 48 hrs by MTT assay
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[PMID: 26299348] |
| HepG2 | IC50 |
4509 μM
Compound: Sophoridine
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Antiproliferative activity against human HepG2 cells by MTT assay
Antiproliferative activity against human HepG2 cells by MTT assay
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[PMID: 30007563] |
| HepG2 | IC50 |
4670 μM
Compound: Sophoridine
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Cytotoxicity against human HepG2 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay
Cytotoxicity against human HepG2 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay
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[PMID: 30025344] |
| HepG2 | IC50 |
4670 μM
Compound: Sophoridine
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Antiproliferative activity against human HepG2 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay
Antiproliferative activity against human HepG2 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay
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[PMID: 30125725] |
| HepG2 | IC50 |
4670 μM
Compound: Sophoridine
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Antiproliferative activity against human HepG2 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 48 hrs by alamarBlue assay
Antiproliferative activity against human HepG2 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 48 hrs by alamarBlue assay
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[PMID: 38107170] |
| KB | IC50 |
>80 μM
Compound: 1
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Antiproliferative activity against human KB cells after 3 days by SRB assay
Antiproliferative activity against human KB cells after 3 days by SRB assay
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[PMID: 26865176] |
| MCF7 | IC50 |
>80 μM
Compound: 1
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Antiproliferative activity against human MCF7 cells after 3 days by SRB assay
Antiproliferative activity against human MCF7 cells after 3 days by SRB assay
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[PMID: 26865176] |
| MDA-MB-231 | IC50 |
>80 μM
Compound: 1
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Antiproliferative activity against human MDA-MB-231 cells after 3 days by SRB assay
Antiproliferative activity against human MDA-MB-231 cells after 3 days by SRB assay
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[PMID: 26865176] |
In Vitro
Sophoridine (0-500 μM; 48 hours) exhibits remarkable inhibition effects to the growth of human pancreatic, gastric, liver, colon, gallbladder, and prostate carcinoma cells with IC50 values of about 20 μM to 200 μM[1]. Sophoridine (0-20 μM; 48 hours) increases S phase cell population from 26.23% (control) to 38.67% in Miapaca-2 cells and from 29.56% (control) to 39.16% in PANC-1 cells, about a 1.5-fold and a 1.3-fold increase, respectively[1]. Sophoridine (0-20 μM; 48 hours) significantly increases bad and bax levels, and decreases bcl-2 and bcl-xl levels in contrast, with a significant increase in Bax/Bcl-2 ratio[1].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only. Further protocols information, click here.
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Cell Line:Normal cells: IOSE144, HL-7702 and LO2, BEAS-2B, GES-1, HEK 293 T, HPDE, FHC, Human cancer cells: PANC-1, Mapaca-1, hepG2, SGC-7901, CBC-SD,SGC-996,PC-3,MKN-45,MGC-803,Hela and HCT116 cells
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Concentration:0, 3.9, 7.8, 15.5, 31, 62.5, 125, 250, 500 μM
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Incubation Time:48 hours
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Result:Exhibited the most potent cytotoxicity to cancer cells.
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Cell Line:PANC-1 cells; Miapca-2 cells
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Concentration:20 μM
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Incubation Time:48 hours
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Result:Led to accumulated population in the S phase.
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Cell Line:PANC-1 cells; Miapca-2 cells
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Concentration:20 μM
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Incubation Time:48 hours
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Result:Induced the activation of intrinsic apoptosis pathway.
In Vivo
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
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Animal Model:BALB/c homozygous (nu/nu) nude mice[1]
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Dosage:20 or 40 mg/kg
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Administration:Intraperitoneal injection; 20 or 40 mg/kg; 21 days
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Result:Decreased xenograft pancreatic tumors mass.
Chemical Information
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CAS No. 6882-68-4
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Appearance Solid
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Molecular Weight 248.37
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Formula C15H24N2O
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Color Off-white to light yellow
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SMILES
O=C1CCC[C@]2([H])[C@@]3([H])CCCN4[C@@]3([H])[C@@](CCC4)([H])CN21
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Structure Classification
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Initial Source
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Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Storage
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 2 years -20°C 1 year
Publications (6)
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Journal Impact Factor
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Most Recent
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Phytomedicine
Compound Kushen injection improves M1 macrophage polarisation and radiation-induced colitis by regulating Piezo1-mediated NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway. [Abstract]2026 May:154:158055. PMID: 41818947 -
Pharm Biol
2025 Dec;63(1):503-523. PMID: 40708207
Sophoridine purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Pharm Biol. 2025 Dec;63(1):503-523. [Abstract]
MCF-10A, MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells were treated with Sophoridine in different concentrations (0, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120 μM) for 24, 48 h. MTT was applied to evaluate the cell viability, and dose-response curves and IC50 values were analyzed by GraphPad software.
Sophoridine purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Pharm Biol. 2025 Dec;63(1):503-523. [Abstract]
MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells were treated with Sophoridine (80 μM) and cell colonies were stained by crystal violet.
Sophoridine purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Pharm Biol. 2025 Dec;63(1):503-523. [Abstract]
MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells were treated with Sophoridine (80 μM) for 24 h, and stained with FITC-annexin V/PI. Flow cytometry analysis was conducted to evaluate cell apoptosis.
Sophoridine purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Pharm Biol. 2025 Dec;63(1):503-523. [Abstract]
RT-qPCR was applied to analyze the gene expressions of factors related to apoptosis in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells treated with Sophoridine (80 μM) for 24 h.
Sophoridine purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Pharm Biol. 2025 Dec;63(1):503-523. [Abstract]
Western blot was used to ascertain the protein expressions of factors related to apoptosis in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells treated with Sophoridine (80 μM) for 48 h.
Sophoridine purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Pharm Biol. 2025 Dec;63(1):503-523. [Abstract]
MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells were treated with Sophoridine (0, 40, 80 μM) in indicated concentrations for 48 h. Cell migration were evaluated by cell scratch assay.
Sophoridine purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Pharm Biol. 2025 Dec;63(1):503-523. [Abstract]
The migration and invasion of cells treated with Sophoridine (80 μM) for 48 h were analyzed by Transwell.
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Int Immunopharmacol
Minimolide F alleviates inflammatory diseases by specifically targeting STING and blocking IRF3 recruitment. [Abstract]2026 May 1:176:116468. PMID: 41819671 -
Front Oncol
Sophoridine Inhibits the Tumour Growth of Non-Small Lung Cancer by Inducing Macrophages M1 Polarisation via MAPK-Mediated Inflammatory Pathway. [Abstract]2021 Feb 24:11:634851. PMID: 33718223 -
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Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro:
DMSO : 50 mg/mL (201.31 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
In Vivo:
Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.
- For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
- To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
- The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline
Solubility: ≥ 2.17 mg/mL (8.74 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.17 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (21.7 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)
Solubility: ≥ 2.17 mg/mL (8.74 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.17 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (21.7 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:
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Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
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%DMSO +
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
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%+
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+%Tween-80 + +
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%Saline +
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL DMSO. Stock solution concentration: mg/mL.
1. Take μL DMSO stock solution;
2. Add μL .
μL , mix evenly;
3. Then add μL Tween 80, mix evenly;
4. Then add μL
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Protocols
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Apoptosis
Apoptosis, also called programmed cell death, is generally characterized by distinct morphological characteristics.
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TUNEL staining for apoptotic DNA fragmentation
TUNEL staining detects DNA strand breaks by using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase to add labeled nucleotides to exposed 3′-OH DNA termini, generating either microscopic staining in fixed cells or tissue sections, or fluorescence/cytometric signal in cell suspensions. TUNEL positivity reflects DNA fragmentation but should not be interpreted alone as definitive apoptosis, because TUNEL can also label necrotic, autolytic, mechanically damaged, or DNA-repair-associated DNA breaks.
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Annexin V plus membrane-impermeant dye apoptosis staining
Annexin V-based apoptosis assays rely on the detection of phosphatidylserine (PS) externalization from the inner leaflet of the plasma membrane to the outer leaflet, an early biochemical hallmark of apoptosis. Fluorescently labeled Annexin V binds PS in a calcium-dependent manner, enabling identification of early apoptotic cells by flow cytometry or fluorescence microscopy. When combined with a membrane-impermeant DNA-binding dye (e. g. , propidium iodide), this approach allows discrimination between viable (Annexin V−/dye−), early apoptotic (Annexin V+/dye−), and late apoptotic or necrotic (Annexin V+/dye+) cell populations by assessing membrane integrity and PS exposure.
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Apoptosis Solutions
Apoptosis is a regulated, generally non-lytic cell-death pathway that removes unwanted, damaged, infected, or abnormal cells through coordinated morphological changes, caspase activation, DNA fragmentation, and membrane remodeling. The intrinsic apoptosis pathway is controlled mainly by mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization, BCL-2 family proteins, cytochrome c release, apoptosome formation, caspase-9 activation, and downstream executioner caspase-3/7 activation. The extrinsic apoptosis pathway is initiated by death receptors such as Fas, TNFR, and TRAIL receptors, which recruit adaptor proteins and activate caspase-8 before engaging executioner caspases or mitochondrial amplification through BID cleavage. Apoptosis is linked to many phenotypes, including cancer cell killing, tissue homeostasis, immune regulation, neurodegeneration, infection response, and treatment-induced cytotoxicity; unresolved questions include how apoptosis interacts with necroptosis, pyroptosis, ferroptos
Purity & Documentation
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Data Sheet (282 KB)
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SDS (479 KB)
- English - EN (479 KB)
- Français - FR (479 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (479 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (479 KB)
- Español - ES (479 KB)
- Swedish - SV (479 KB)
- Italian - IT (479 KB)
- Korean - KR (479 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (479 KB)
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Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.
| Optional Solvent | Concentration Solvent Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 25 mg |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DMSO | 1 mM | 4.0263 mL | 20.1313 mL | 40.2625 mL | 100.6563 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.8053 mL | 4.0263 mL | 8.0525 mL | 20.1313 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.4026 mL | 2.0131 mL | 4.0263 mL | 10.0656 mL | |
| 15 mM | 0.2684 mL | 1.3421 mL | 2.6842 mL | 6.7104 mL | |
| 20 mM | 0.2013 mL | 1.0066 mL | 2.0131 mL | 5.0328 mL | |
| 25 mM | 0.1611 mL | 0.8053 mL | 1.6105 mL | 4.0263 mL | |
| 30 mM | 0.1342 mL | 0.6710 mL | 1.3421 mL | 3.3552 mL | |
| 40 mM | 0.1007 mL | 0.5033 mL | 1.0066 mL | 2.5164 mL | |
| 50 mM | 0.0805 mL | 0.4026 mL | 0.8053 mL | 2.0131 mL | |
| 60 mM | 0.0671 mL | 0.3355 mL | 0.6710 mL | 1.6776 mL | |
| 80 mM | 0.0503 mL | 0.2516 mL | 0.5033 mL | 1.2582 mL | |
| 100 mM | 0.0403 mL | 0.2013 mL | 0.4026 mL | 1.0066 mL |
Sophoridine Related Classifications
HY-N1373 Related Classifications
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