2′,2′-Difluorodeoxyuridine
Based on 1 Customer Validation
2’,2’-Difluorodeoxyuridine (dFdU) is the main metabolite of Gemcitabine (HY-17026). 2’,2’-Difluorodeoxyuridine causes a concentration- and schedule- dependent radiosensitising effect in vitro. 2’,2’-Difluorodeoxyuridine arrests cell cycle at the early S phase and induces apoptosis in cancer cells.
For research use only. We do not sell to patients.
- Purity: 99.36%
- CAS No.: 114248-23-6
- Formula: C9H10F2N2O5
- Molecular Weight:264.18
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Storage:Powder -20°C, 3 years ; In solvent -80°C, 6 months , -20°C, 1 month
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Biological Activity
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Chemical Information
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Solvent & Solubility
- Purity & Documentation
- References
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Help & FAQs
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Biological Activity
2’,2’-Difluorodeoxyuridine (10-100 μM, 24 h before radiation immediately or 8 or 24 h later) shows concentration-dependent and schedule-dependent radiosensitising effect in both ECV304 and H292 cells[1].
2’,2’-Difluorodeoxyuridine (100-250 μM, 24 h) increases apoptosis in both ECV304 and H292 cells[1].
2’,2’-Difluorodeoxyuridine (10-250 μM, 24 h) can arrest cell cycle at the early S phase in both ECV304 and H292 cells[1].
2’,2’-Difluorodeoxyuridine (48 h-14 d) is cytotoxic to HepG2 and A549 cancer cells (IC50s = 3.13 and 3.92 μM, respectively)[2].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
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Cell Line:ECV304 (mutant p53, human bladder cancer cell line), H292 (wild-type p53, a human mucoepidermoid lung cancer cell line)
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Concentration:10, 20, 50 μM (ECV304), 25, 50, 100 μM (H292)
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Incubation Time:incubated for 24 h and irradiated immediately or 8 or 24 h later
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Result:Showed clear concentration-dependent radiosensitising effect.
Increased dose enhancement factor (DEF) with an increasing concentration.
Showed clear schedule-dependent radiosensitising effect.
Radiosensitising effect decreased with a longer interval between chemotherapy and radiation; the DEF decreased with an interval of 8 or 24 h.
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Cell Line:ECV304 (mutant p53, human bladder cancer cell line), H292 (wild-type p53, a human mucoepidermoid lung cancer cell line)
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Concentration:100 μM (ECV304), 250 μM (H292)
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Incubation Time:24 h
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Result:The amount of early apoptotic cells increased.
The induction of apoptosis under radiosensitising conditions seemed cell line dependent.
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Cell Line:ECV304 (mutant p53, human bladder cancer cell line), H292 (wild-type p53, a human mucoepidermoid lung cancer cell line)
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Concentration:10, 20, 50, 100 μM (ECV304), 10, 50, 100, 250 μM (H292)
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Incubation Time:24 h
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Result:Caused a block of cells in the S phase of the cell cycle in both ECV304 and H292 cells, and was concentration dependent.
The greatest DEFs were observed when most cells were blocked in the early S phase of the cell cycle.
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Cell Line:ECV304 (mutant p53, human bladder cancer cell line), H292 (wild-type p53, a human mucoepidermoid lung cancer cell line)
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Concentration:100 μM (ECV304), 250 μM (H292)
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Incubation Time:24 h
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Result:Increased cleaved caspase 3, indicating the induction of apoptosis.
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Chemical Information
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CAS No. 114248-23-6
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Appearance Solid
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Molecular Weight 264.18
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Formula C9H10F2N2O5
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Color White to off-white
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SMILES
O=C(N1)N([C@@H]2O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)C2(F)F)C=CC1=O
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Synonyms
dFdU; 2',2'-Difluoro-2'-deoxyuridine
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Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Storage
Powder -20°C 3 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month
Solvent & Solubility
DMSO : 125 mg/mL (473.16 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)
H2O : 100 mg/mL (378.53 mM; Need ultrasonic)
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.
- For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
- To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
- The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline
Solubility: ≥ 5 mg/mL (18.93 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (50.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)
Solubility: ≥ 5 mg/mL (18.93 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (50.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:
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Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL
This product has good water solubility, please refer to the measured solubility data in water/PBS/Saline for details.
Purity & Documentation
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Data Sheet (279 KB)
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SDS (393 KB)
- English - EN (393 KB)
- Français - FR (393 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (393 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (393 KB)
- Español - ES (393 KB)
- Swedish - SV (393 KB)
- Italian - IT (393 KB)
- Korean - KR (393 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (393 KB)
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Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
[1]. Pauwels B, et al. The radiosensitising effect of difluorodeoxyuridine, a metabolite of gemcitabine, in vitro. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 2006 Aug;58(2):219-28. [Content Brief]
[2]. Veltkamp SA, et al. New insights into the pharmacology and cytotoxicity of gemcitabine and 2',2'-difluorodeoxyuridine. Mol Cancer Ther. 2008 Aug;7(8):2415-25. [Content Brief]
[3]. Veltkamp SA, et al. Extensive metabolism and hepatic accumulation of gemcitabine after multiple oral and intravenous administration in mice. Drug Metab Dispos. 2008 Aug;36(8):1606-15. [Content Brief]
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
| Optional Solvent | Concentration Solvent Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 25 mg |
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| H2O / DMSO | 1 mM | 3.7853 mL | 18.9265 mL | 37.8530 mL | 94.6325 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.7571 mL | 3.7853 mL | 7.5706 mL | 18.9265 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.3785 mL | 1.8926 mL | 3.7853 mL | 9.4632 mL | |
| 15 mM | 0.2524 mL | 1.2618 mL | 2.5235 mL | 6.3088 mL | |
| 20 mM | 0.1893 mL | 0.9463 mL | 1.8926 mL | 4.7316 mL | |
| 25 mM | 0.1514 mL | 0.7571 mL | 1.5141 mL | 3.7853 mL | |
| 30 mM | 0.1262 mL | 0.6309 mL | 1.2618 mL | 3.1544 mL | |
| 40 mM | 0.0946 mL | 0.4732 mL | 0.9463 mL | 2.3658 mL | |
| 50 mM | 0.0757 mL | 0.3785 mL | 0.7571 mL | 1.8926 mL | |
| 60 mM | 0.0631 mL | 0.3154 mL | 0.6309 mL | 1.5772 mL | |
| 80 mM | 0.0473 mL | 0.2366 mL | 0.4732 mL | 1.1829 mL | |
| 100 mM | 0.0379 mL | 0.1893 mL | 0.3785 mL | 0.9463 mL |
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
2′,2′-Difluorodeoxyuridine Related Classifications
HY-138253 Related Classifications
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