7β-Hydroxycholesterol
Based on 3 publication(s) in Google Scholar
7β-Hydroxycholesterol is an oxysterol that derived by the oxidation of cholesterol. 7β-hydroxycholesterol can induce cellular oxidative stress, apoptosis, and necrosis, resulting in cytotoxicity. 7β-hydroxycholesterol has antitumor activity.
For research use only. We do not sell to patients.
- Purity : 99.72%
- CAS No.: 566-27-8
- Formula: C27H46O2
- Molecular Weight:402.65
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Storage:
-20°C, protect from light
* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light)
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Biological Activity
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Chemical Information
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Solvent & Solubility
- Protocols
- Purity & Documentation
- References
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Help & FAQs
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Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) 7β-Hydroxycholesterol
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Biological Activity
Description
IC50 & Target
[1]|
IL-1β |
Cellular Effect
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Cell Line
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Type | Value | Description | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| A549 | IC50 |
13.6 μM
Compound: 6
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Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells assessed as cell viability after 48 hrs by alamar blue assay
Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells assessed as cell viability after 48 hrs by alamar blue assay
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[PMID: 21797280] |
| A549 | IC50 |
13.6 μM
Compound: 8
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Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells after 48 hrs by Alamar blue assay
Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells after 48 hrs by Alamar blue assay
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[PMID: 20931970] |
| ARPE-19 | IC50 |
21.6 μM
Compound: 6
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Cytotoxicity against human ARPE19 cells assessed as cell viability after 48 hrs by alamar blue assay
Cytotoxicity against human ARPE19 cells assessed as cell viability after 48 hrs by alamar blue assay
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[PMID: 21797280] |
| ARPE-19 | IC50 |
21.6 μM
Compound: 8
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Cytotoxicity against human ARPE19 cells after 48 hrs by Alamar blue assay
Cytotoxicity against human ARPE19 cells after 48 hrs by Alamar blue assay
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[PMID: 20931970] |
| BJ | IC50 |
20 μM
Compound: 8
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Cytotoxicity against human BJ cells after 48 hrs by Alamar blue assay
Cytotoxicity against human BJ cells after 48 hrs by Alamar blue assay
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[PMID: 20931970] |
| BJ | IC50 |
20.1 μM
Compound: 3
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Cytotoxicity against human BJ cells after 48 hrs by Alamar Blue assay
Cytotoxicity against human BJ cells after 48 hrs by Alamar Blue assay
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[PMID: 19473028] |
| BJ | IC50 |
20.1 μM
Compound: 6
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Cytotoxicity against human BJ cells assessed as cell viability after 48 hrs by alamar blue assay
Cytotoxicity against human BJ cells assessed as cell viability after 48 hrs by alamar blue assay
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[PMID: 21797280] |
| C6 | IC50 |
15 μM
Compound: 7beta-OHC
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Growth inhibition of rat C6 cells after 24 hrs by trypan blue-based cell counting method
Growth inhibition of rat C6 cells after 24 hrs by trypan blue-based cell counting method
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[PMID: 24211631] |
| HEK293 | EC50 |
10 μM
Compound: 5
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Binding affinity to human GFP-tagged NPC1L1 L1072T/L1168I mutant expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as localization to endoplasmic reticulum and plasma membrane after 24 hrs by fluorescence microscopic analysis
Binding affinity to human GFP-tagged NPC1L1 L1072T/L1168I mutant expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as localization to endoplasmic reticulum and plasma membrane after 24 hrs by fluorescence microscopic analysis
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[PMID: 23830695] |
| HEK293 | EC50 |
3.4 μM
Compound: 10
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Binding affinity to FLAG/tGFP-tagged NPC1 I1061T mutant (unknown origin) expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as localization after 24 hrs by fluorescence microscopy
Binding affinity to FLAG/tGFP-tagged NPC1 I1061T mutant (unknown origin) expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as localization after 24 hrs by fluorescence microscopy
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[PMID: 24928400] |
| HepG2 | IC50 |
14.6 μM
Compound: 6
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Cytotoxicity against human HepG2 cells assessed as cell viability after 48 hrs by alamar blue assay
Cytotoxicity against human HepG2 cells assessed as cell viability after 48 hrs by alamar blue assay
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[PMID: 21797280] |
| HepG2 | IC50 |
14.6 μM
Compound: 8
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Cytotoxicity against human HepG2 cells after 48 hrs by Alamar blue assay
Cytotoxicity against human HepG2 cells after 48 hrs by Alamar blue assay
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[PMID: 20931970] |
| HMEC-1 | IC50 |
19.1 μM
Compound: 8
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Cytotoxicity against HMEC1 cells after 48 hrs by Alamar blue assay
Cytotoxicity against HMEC1 cells after 48 hrs by Alamar blue assay
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[PMID: 20931970] |
| HT-29 | IC50 |
6.4 μM
Compound: 3
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Cytotoxicity against human HT-29 cells after 48 hrs by Alamar Blue assay
Cytotoxicity against human HT-29 cells after 48 hrs by Alamar Blue assay
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[PMID: 19473028] |
| HT-29 | IC50 |
6.9 μM
Compound: 6
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Cytotoxicity against human HT-29 cells assessed as cell viability after 48 hrs by alamar blue assay
Cytotoxicity against human HT-29 cells assessed as cell viability after 48 hrs by alamar blue assay
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[PMID: 21797280] |
| HT-29 | IC50 |
6.9 μM
Compound: 8
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Cytotoxicity against human HT-29 cells after 48 hrs by Alamar blue assay
Cytotoxicity against human HT-29 cells after 48 hrs by Alamar blue assay
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[PMID: 20931970] |
| HT-29 | IC50 |
7.2 μM
Compound: 8
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Cytotoxicity against human HT-29 cells after 96 hrs by Alamar blue assay
Cytotoxicity against human HT-29 cells after 96 hrs by Alamar blue assay
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[PMID: 20931970] |
| LAMA-84 | IC50 |
4.3 μM
Compound: 6
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Cytotoxicity against human LAMA-84 cells assessed as cell viability after 48 hrs by alamar blue assay
Cytotoxicity against human LAMA-84 cells assessed as cell viability after 48 hrs by alamar blue assay
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[PMID: 21797280] |
| LAMA-84 | IC50 |
4.3 μM
Compound: 8
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Cytotoxicity against human LAMA-84 cells after 48 hrs by Alamar blue assay
Cytotoxicity against human LAMA-84 cells after 48 hrs by Alamar blue assay
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[PMID: 20931970] |
| LAMA-84 | IC50 |
4.8 μM
Compound: 3
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Cytotoxicity against human LAMA-84 cells after 48 hrs by Alamar Blue assay
Cytotoxicity against human LAMA-84 cells after 48 hrs by Alamar Blue assay
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[PMID: 19473028] |
| MCF7 | IC50 |
8.7 μM
Compound: 6
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Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells assessed as cell viability after 48 hrs by alamar blue assay
Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells assessed as cell viability after 48 hrs by alamar blue assay
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[PMID: 21797280] |
| MCF7 | IC50 |
8.7 μM
Compound: 8
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Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells after 48 hrs by Alamar blue assay
Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells after 48 hrs by Alamar blue assay
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[PMID: 20931970] |
| PC-3 | IC50 |
21.9 μM
Compound: 8
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Cytotoxicity against human PC3 cells after 48 hrs by Alamar blue assay
Cytotoxicity against human PC3 cells after 48 hrs by Alamar blue assay
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[PMID: 20931970] |
| PC-3 | IC50 |
22 μM
Compound: 6
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Cytotoxicity against human PC3 cells assessed as cell viability after 48 hrs by alamar blue assay
Cytotoxicity against human PC3 cells assessed as cell viability after 48 hrs by alamar blue assay
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[PMID: 21797280] |
| SH-SY5Y | IC50 |
16.4 μM
Compound: 6
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Cytotoxicity against human SH-SY5Y cells assessed as cell viability after 48 hrs by alamar blue assay
Cytotoxicity against human SH-SY5Y cells assessed as cell viability after 48 hrs by alamar blue assay
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[PMID: 21797280] |
In Vitro
7β-Hydroxycholesterol (20-40 μg/mL; 20-48 h) induces apoptosis, adhesion molecule expression and stimulates IL-1β secretion in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs)[1].
7β-Hydroxycholesterol (5-80 μg/mL; 48 h) has a double cytotoxic effect on vascular wall cells by inducing apoptosis of endothelial and smooth muscle cells and fibroblast necrosis[2].
7β-Hydroxycholesterol (30-60 μM; 12-96 h) inhibits the growth and induces cell apoptosis in human colon cancer cell Caco-2[3].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only. Further protocols information, click here.
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Cell Line:Caco-2 cell
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Concentration:30 and 60 μM
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Incubation Time:24, 48, 72 and 96 h
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Result:Inhibited cell growth in a dose-dependent manner.
Chemical Information
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CAS No. 566-27-8
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Appearance Solid
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Molecular Weight 402.65
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Formula C27H46O2
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Color White to off-white
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SMILES
CC(C)CCC[C@@H](C)[C@H]1CC[C@@]2([H])[C@]3([H])[C@@H](O)C=C4C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]4(C)[C@@]3([H])CC[C@]12C
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Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Storage
-20°C, protect from light
* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light)
Publications (3)
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Journal Impact Factor
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Most Recent
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ACS Nano
Immune Modulatory Oxysterols Produced from Cholesterol-Containing Lipid Nanoparticles Regulate Tumor Growth. [Abstract]2026 Mar 13. PMID: 41825961 -
Cell Chem Biol
Transient hydroxycholesterol treatment restrains TCR signaling to promote long-term immunity. [Abstract]2024 May 16;31(5):920-931.e6. PMID: 38759618 -
Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro:
DMSO : 100 mg/mL (248.35 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
In Vivo:
Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.
- For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
- To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
- The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline
Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (6.21 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)
Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (6.21 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:
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Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
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%DMSO +
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
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%+
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+%Tween-80 + +
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%Saline +
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL DMSO. Stock solution concentration: mg/mL. * In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light)
1. Take μL DMSO stock solution;
2. Add μL .
μL , mix evenly;
3. Then add μL Tween 80, mix evenly;
4. Then add μL
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Protocols
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Apoptosis
Apoptosis, also called programmed cell death, is generally characterized by distinct morphological characteristics.
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TUNEL staining for apoptotic DNA fragmentation
TUNEL staining detects DNA strand breaks by using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase to add labeled nucleotides to exposed 3′-OH DNA termini, generating either microscopic staining in fixed cells or tissue sections, or fluorescence/cytometric signal in cell suspensions. TUNEL positivity reflects DNA fragmentation but should not be interpreted alone as definitive apoptosis, because TUNEL can also label necrotic, autolytic, mechanically damaged, or DNA-repair-associated DNA breaks.
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Cell Cytotoxicity Assay
Cytotoxicity assays are usually based on the assessment of cell membrane damage, which can also be indirectly detected by measuring cell viability. Detection methods include MTT assay, CKK-8 assay, LDH assay and ATP assay, etc.
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Mammalian live/dead viability and cytotoxicity staining
Live/dead viability and cytotoxicity staining assays are based on the simultaneous detection of intracellular esterase activity in metabolically active (viable) cells and membrane integrity loss in non-viable cells. In commonly used dual-staining approaches, membrane-permeant fluorogenic substrates are converted by intracellular esterases into fluorescent products in live cells, while impermeant DNA-binding dyes selectively enter cells with compromised plasma membranes and label nucleic acids in dead or dying cells, enabling discrimination between viable and non-viable populations by fluorescence microscopy or flow cytometry.
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Annexin V plus membrane-impermeant dye apoptosis staining
Annexin V-based apoptosis assays rely on the detection of phosphatidylserine (PS) externalization from the inner leaflet of the plasma membrane to the outer leaflet, an early biochemical hallmark of apoptosis. Fluorescently labeled Annexin V binds PS in a calcium-dependent manner, enabling identification of early apoptotic cells by flow cytometry or fluorescence microscopy. When combined with a membrane-impermeant DNA-binding dye (e. g. , propidium iodide), this approach allows discrimination between viable (Annexin V−/dye−), early apoptotic (Annexin V+/dye−), and late apoptotic or necrotic (Annexin V+/dye+) cell populations by assessing membrane integrity and PS exposure.
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ROS/oxidative-stress fluorescent staining
ROS/oxidative-stress fluorescent staining uses cell-permeant fluorogenic probes that become fluorescent after oxidation inside cells or tissues; commonly used examples include DCFH-DA/DCFDA for broad cellular oxidant detection, DHE for superoxide-related signal detection, MitoSOX for mitochondrial superoxide-related signal detection, and CellROX probes for oxidative-stress-associated fluorescence readouts. The assay detects probe oxidation rather than a single ROS species unless the probe and analysis method have been chemically validated for that species. DCFH-DA enters cells, is deacetylated by intracellular esterases to DCFH, and produces fluorescent DCF after oxidation, so the readout is used as an operational measure of total cellular oxidative stress rather than a species-specific ROS measurement. DHE and MitoSOX can report superoxide-related oxidation, but red fluorescence alone can include non-specific ethidium-like oxidation products; HPLC or optimized spectral approaches are
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Apoptosis Solutions
Apoptosis is a regulated, generally non-lytic cell-death pathway that removes unwanted, damaged, infected, or abnormal cells through coordinated morphological changes, caspase activation, DNA fragmentation, and membrane remodeling. The intrinsic apoptosis pathway is controlled mainly by mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization, BCL-2 family proteins, cytochrome c release, apoptosome formation, caspase-9 activation, and downstream executioner caspase-3/7 activation. The extrinsic apoptosis pathway is initiated by death receptors such as Fas, TNFR, and TRAIL receptors, which recruit adaptor proteins and activate caspase-8 before engaging executioner caspases or mitochondrial amplification through BID cleavage. Apoptosis is linked to many phenotypes, including cancer cell killing, tissue homeostasis, immune regulation, neurodegeneration, infection response, and treatment-induced cytotoxicity; unresolved questions include how apoptosis interacts with necroptosis, pyroptosis, ferroptos
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Subcutaneous Cell-Line-Derived Xenograft
Subcutaneous cell-line-derived xenograft (CDX) models are established by implanting cultured human cancer cell lines into immunodeficient mice, where the injected cells form localized tumors that can be monitored in vivo as a measure of tumorigenic potential, growth kinetics, and treatment response. These models are widely used in oncology research because they allow reproducible tumor formation and enable comparative assessment of tumor growth between different cell lines or genetic manipulations in a controlled in vivo microenvironment. Subcutaneous implantation of cancer cells in immunodeficient mice is a standard approach for evaluating tumor growth behavior and therapeutic response across multiple cancer types, including prostate, esophageal, pancreatic, and colon cancer models.
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Cell Viability Determination by MTT Colorimetric Assay
The following protocol uses the MTT colorimetric assay as a classic literature-established method for assessing cell viability/metabolic activity in cultured mammalian cells. MTT[3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] is reduced by metabolically active cells to a colored formazan product; the amount of formazan is quantified spectrophotometrically and provides an indirect measure of metabolically active viable cells. Importantly, MTT reduction reflects cellular oxidoreductase/metabolic activity rather than an absolute direct count of living cells, so changes in cellular metabolism can alter the signal independently of cell number.
Purity & Documentation
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Data Sheet (287 KB)
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SDS (252 KB)
- English - EN (252 KB)
- Français - FR (252 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (252 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (252 KB)
- Español - ES (252 KB)
- Swedish - SV (252 KB)
- Italian - IT (252 KB)
- Korean - KR (252 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (252 KB)
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Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
[1]. Lemaire S, et al. Different patterns of IL-1beta secretion, adhesion molecule expression and apoptosis induction in human endothelial cells treated with 7alpha-, 7beta-hydroxycholesterol, or 7-ketocholesterol. FEBS Lett. 1998 Dec 4;440(3):434-9. [Content Brief]
[2]. Lizard G, et al. Characterization and comparison of the mode of cell death, apoptosis versus necrosis, induced by 7beta-hydroxycholesterol and 7-ketocholesterol in the cells of the vascular wall. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 1999 May;19(5):1190-200. [Content Brief]
[3]. Roussi S, et al. Different apoptotic mechanisms are involved in the antiproliferative effects of 7beta-hydroxysitosterol and 7beta-hydroxycholesterol in human colon cancer cells. Cell Death Differ. 2005 Feb;12(2):128-35. [Content Brief]
[4]. Anne Vejux, et al. 7-Ketocholesterol and 7β-hydroxycholesterol: In vitro and animal models used to characterize their activities and to identify molecules preventing their toxicity. Biochem Pharmacol. 2020 Mar;173:113648. [Content Brief]
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
| Optional Solvent | Concentration Solvent Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 25 mg |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DMSO | 1 mM | 2.4835 mL | 12.4177 mL | 24.8355 mL | 62.0887 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.4967 mL | 2.4835 mL | 4.9671 mL | 12.4177 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2484 mL | 1.2418 mL | 2.4835 mL | 6.2089 mL | |
| 15 mM | 0.1656 mL | 0.8278 mL | 1.6557 mL | 4.1392 mL | |
| 20 mM | 0.1242 mL | 0.6209 mL | 1.2418 mL | 3.1044 mL | |
| 25 mM | 0.0993 mL | 0.4967 mL | 0.9934 mL | 2.4835 mL | |
| 30 mM | 0.0828 mL | 0.4139 mL | 0.8278 mL | 2.0696 mL | |
| 40 mM | 0.0621 mL | 0.3104 mL | 0.6209 mL | 1.5522 mL | |
| 50 mM | 0.0497 mL | 0.2484 mL | 0.4967 mL | 1.2418 mL | |
| 60 mM | 0.0414 mL | 0.2070 mL | 0.4139 mL | 1.0348 mL | |
| 80 mM | 0.0310 mL | 0.1552 mL | 0.3104 mL | 0.7761 mL | |
| 100 mM | 0.0248 mL | 0.1242 mL | 0.2484 mL | 0.6209 mL |
7β-Hydroxycholesterol Related Classifications
HY-113341 Related Classifications
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