Euphorbia helioscopia L.

Euphornin is a anticaner agent, that can be isolated from E. helioscopia. Euphornin induces apoptosis via caspase-mediated pathways. Euphornin induces cell cycle arrest by increasing the level of the phospho-CDK1 (Tyr15) protein.

Euphoscopin B (compound 5) is a cytotoxic macrocyclic diterpene isolated from Euphorbia helioscopia L.

Euphoscopin E is a diterpene that can be isolated from Euphorbia helioscopia.

Euphoscopin H is a diterpenoid compound found in the fresh leaves and roots of Euphorbia helioscopia. Euphoscopin H shows weak inhibitory activity against LPS-induced NO production and no obvious cytotoxicity in the mouse microglial BV-2 cell model.

Euphornin J is a jatrophane diterpenoid found in the aerial parts of Euphorbia helioscopia that increases LDL-uptake rate in liver cells. Euphornin J can be used for the research of hyperlipidemia.

Euphoscopin A (2-epi-Euphornin I) is a toxic lathyrane diterpene with Kv1.3 potassium channel inhibitory activity, can be found in fresh leaves and roots of Euphorbia helioscopia and aerial parts of Euphorbia fischeriana.

Euphornin C is a jatrophane- and lathyrane-type diterpenoid. Euphornin C exists in the whole plant of Euphorbia helioscopia and the seeds of Euphorbia lathyris. Euphornin C inhibits NO production.

Euphornin A is a diterpene found in Euphorbia helioscopia and a deacetyl derivative of Euphornin.