2. Cell Cycle/DNA Damage Epigenetics Autophagy Apoptosis Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
  3. HDAC Autophagy Apoptosis Endogenous Metabolite
  4. Sodium butyrate

Sodium butyrate  (Synonyms: Butanoic acid sodium; Butyric acid sodium)

Cat. No.: HY-B0350A Purity: 99.76%
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Sodium Butyrate (sodium butanoate) is an inhibitor of HDAC, possessing anti-tumor activity.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

CAS No. : 156-54-7

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Solid + Solvent (Highly Recommended)
10 mM * 1 mL in Water
ready for reconstitution
 In-stock
Solution
10 mM * 1 mL in Water In-stock
Solid
500 mg In-stock
1 g In-stock
5 g In-stock
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Based on 21 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Other Forms of Sodium butyrate:

Sodium butyrate Related Antibodies

Top Publications Citing Use of Products

    Sodium butyrate purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Gut Microbes. 2023 Dec;15(2):2249143.  [Abstract]

    Sodium butyrate (BA, 150 mg/kg; i.p.; four times at 2-day intervals). Images of B16-F0 tumors in mice at day 15 post-tumor implantation.

    Sodium butyrate purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 2022 Jan 3;41(1):1.  [Abstract]

    P. loescheii colonization and butyrate supplementation downregulate IL-1β and TNF-α in colonic macrophages.In the B16F10 melanoma model,the C57BL/6 mice were orally administrated with Prevotellaceae loescheii (P. loescheii) (1 × 108 CFU/mouse/every 2 days) or Sodium butyrate (1 g/kg) for 1 week during BMS-1 (10 mg/kg)-treatment (n = 10). Representative images of immunostaining analysis of CD68+iNOS+ and CD68+CD206+ cells in colonic tissues and corresponding quantitative analysis. Scale bars, 20 μm.

    Sodium butyrate purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 2022 Jan 3;41(1):1.  [Abstract]

    P. loescheii colonization and butyrate supplementation downregulate IL-1β and TNF-α in colonic macrophages. In the B16F10 melanoma model, the C57BL/6 mice were orally administrated with Prevotellaceae loescheii (P. loescheii) (1 × 108 CFU/mouse/every 2 days) or Sodium butyrate (1 g/kg) for 1 week during BMS-1 (10 mg/kg)-treatment (n = 10). M1 marker (iNOS and CXCL9) and M2 marker (CD206 and Arg-1) in colonic macrophages were measured by qPCR.

    Sodium butyrate purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 2022 Jan 3;41(1):1.  [Abstract]

    P. loescheii colonization and butyrate supplementation downregulate IL-1β and TNF-α in colonic macrophages. In the B16F10 melanoma model, the C57BL/6 mice were orally administrated with Prevotellaceae loescheii (P. loescheii) (1 × 108 CFU/mouse/every 2 days) or Sodium butyrate (1 g/kg) for 1 week during BMS-1 (10 mg/kg)-treatment (n = 10). The M1 factors (IL-1β and TNF-α) and M2 factors (TGF-β and IL-10) in colonic macrophages were determined by ELISA.

    Sodium butyrate purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Neurobiol Dis. 2018 Mar:111:12-25.  [Abstract]

    Cdc42-Rac1 activation mediates the effect of SB on microglial process elongation. Representative images showing the activation effect of Cdc42 and Rac1 by Sodium butyrate (SB) (5 mM) at different time points (5, 10 min) in primary cultured microglia.

    View All HDAC Isoform Specific Products:

    View All Isoforms
    HDAC HDAC1 HDAC2 HDAC3 HDAC4 HDAC5 HDAC6 HDAC7 HDAC8 HDAC9 HDAC10 HDAC11 HD1 HD2

    View All Endogenous Metabolite Isoform Specific Products:

    View All Isoforms
    Human Endogenous Metabolite Microbial Metabolite

    • Biological Activity

    • Protocol

    • Purity & Documentation

    • References

    • Customer Review

    Description

    Sodium Butyrate (sodium butanoate) is an inhibitor of HDAC, possessing anti-tumor activity[1][2][3][4][5].

    IC50 & Target[2]

    HDAC

     

    Human Endogenous Metabolite

     

    Microbial Metabolite

     

    Cellular Effect
    Cell Line Type Value Description References
    BT-20 IC50
    1.4 mM
    Compound: 6
    Antiproliferative activity against human BT-20 cells assessed as cell growth inhibition
    Antiproliferative activity against human BT-20 cells assessed as cell growth inhibition
    		[PMID: 34826681]
    Erythrocyte CC50
    222 μM
    Compound: NaB
    Cytotoxicity against human erythrocytes assessed as cell viability after 3 days alamar blue assay
    Cytotoxicity against human erythrocytes assessed as cell viability after 3 days alamar blue assay
    		[PMID: 33109398]
    HUVEC IC50
    1 mM
    Compound: sodium butyrate
    Inhibition of LPS-induced tissue factor activity in HUVEC preincubated for 4 hrs assessed after 4 hrs of LPS challenge by one stage clotting assay
    Inhibition of LPS-induced tissue factor activity in HUVEC preincubated for 4 hrs assessed after 4 hrs of LPS challenge by one stage clotting assay
    		[PMID: 17675290]
    HUVEC IC50
    2 mM
    Compound: sodium butyrate
    Inhibition of TNF-alpha-induced tissue factor activity in HUVEC preincubated for 4 hrs assessed after 4 hrs of TNFalpha challenge by one stage clotting assay
    Inhibition of TNF-alpha-induced tissue factor activity in HUVEC preincubated for 4 hrs assessed after 4 hrs of TNFalpha challenge by one stage clotting assay
    		[PMID: 17675290]
    HeLa IC50
    0.8 mM
    Compound: Sodium butyrate
    Inhibition of HDAC in human Hela cells nuclear extracts by fluorimetric assay
    Inhibition of HDAC in human Hela cells nuclear extracts by fluorimetric assay
    		[PMID: 19520580]
    K562 IC50
    140 μM
    Compound: sodium butyrate
    Inhibitory activity against partially purified histone deacetylase of human leukemia K562 cells.
    Inhibitory activity against partially purified histone deacetylase of human leukemia K562 cells.
    		[PMID: 10425110]
    MCF7 IC50
    0.5 mM
    Compound: 6
    Antiproliferative activity against human MCF7 cells assessed as cell growth inhibition
    Antiproliferative activity against human MCF7 cells assessed as cell growth inhibition
    		[PMID: 34826681]
    MDA-MB-231 GI50
    > 1000 μM
    Compound: BA, sodium butyrate
    Growth inhibition of human MDA-MB-231 cells after 5 days by MTT assay
    Growth inhibition of human MDA-MB-231 cells after 5 days by MTT assay
    		[PMID: 18543902]
    MDA-MB-231 IC50
    0.6 mM
    Compound: 6
    Antiproliferative activity against human MDA-MB-231 cells assessed as cell growth inhibition
    Antiproliferative activity against human MDA-MB-231 cells assessed as cell growth inhibition
    		[PMID: 34826681]
    PC-3 GI50
    72.44 μM
    Compound: BA, sodium butyrate
    Growth inhibition of human PC3 cells after 5 days by MTT assay
    Growth inhibition of human PC3 cells after 5 days by MTT assay
    		[PMID: 18543902]
    T47D IC50
    0.7 mM
    Compound: 6
    Antiproliferative activity against human T47D cells assessed as cell growth inhibition
    Antiproliferative activity against human T47D cells assessed as cell growth inhibition
    		[PMID: 34826681]
    In Vitro

    Sodium Butyrate induces morphological changes, inhibits cell proliferation and impairs cell viability in NPC cells. Sodium Butyrate (1, 5, 10 mM) is cytotoxic to NPC cells, inducing a dose- and time-dependent decrease in cell viability, in both 5-8F and 6-10B cells. Sodium Butyrate induces nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell apoptosis by activating the mitochondrial apoptotic axis. Moreover, SOCE inhibition and disruption of the CRAC channel can attenuate the apoptosis induced by Sodium Butyrate[1].
    Sodium butyrate significantly decreases cell viability, accompanied by reduced levels of p-mTOR and PCNA protein. Sodium butyrate, in a dose-dependent manner, induces cell cycle arrest in G0/G1 phase and reduces the numbers of cells in S phase. In addition, relative expression of p21, p27, and pro-apoptosis bak genes, and protein levels of p21Waf1/Cip1, p27Kip1, cyclinD3, CDK4, and Cleave-caspase3 are increased by higher concentrations of sodium butyrate (1, 5, 10 mM), and the levels of cyclinD1 and CDK6 are reduced by 5 and 10 mM butyrate[3].

    MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

    Sodium butyrate Related Antibodies
    In Vivo

    Sodium Butyrate (300 mg/kg, s.c.) administration immediately after HI provided almost complete neuroprotection in comparison with non-treated animals. Sodium butyrate administration results in an increased number of microglial cells to 150% of vehicle-treated animals in the ipsilateral side. Sodium butyrate promotes the polarization of microglia from M1- to M2-like phenotype after neonatal hypoxia-ischemia[2]. Sodium butyrate (300 mg/kg, s.c.) in combination with AK-7 (20 mg/kg, i.p.) significantly alleviates this reduction of the time spent exploring new objects, ameliorates the reduction of the number of Ki67-positive cells and DCX-immunoreactive neuroblasts in the dentate gyrus of the mice. In addition, sodium butyrate reverses SIRT2-related age phenotypes[4].

    MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
    Molecular Weight

    110.09

    Formula

    C4H7NaO2
    CAS No.
    Appearance

    Solid

    Color

    White to off-white

    SMILES

    CCCC(O[Na])=O
    Shipping

    Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
    Storage

    4°C, sealed storage, away from moisture

    *In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)

    Solvent & Solubility
    In Vitro: 

    H2O : 100 mg/mL (908.36 mM; Need ultrasonic)

    Preparing
    Stock Solutions
    Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
    1 mM 9.0836 mL 45.4182 mL 90.8364 mL
    5 mM 1.8167 mL 9.0836 mL 18.1673 mL
    View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

    * Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
    Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

    * Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

    • Molarity Calculator

    • Dilution Calculator

    Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

    Mass
    =
    Concentration
    ×
    Volume
    ×
    Molecular Weight *

    Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

    This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

    Concentration (start)

    C1

    ×
    Volume (start)

    V1

    =
    Concentration (final)

    C2

    ×
    Volume (final)

    V2

    In Vivo:

    For the following dissolution methods, please prepare the working solution directly. It is recommended to prepare fresh solutions and use them promptly within a short period of time.
    The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

    • Protocol 1

      Add each solvent one by one:  PBS

      Solubility: ≥ 100 mg/mL (908.36 mM); Clear solution

    In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
    Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

    Dosage

    mg/kg

    Animal weight
    (per animal)

    g

    Dosing volume
    (per animal)

    μL

    Number of animals

    Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
    Calculation results:
    Working solution concentration: mg/mL
    This product has good water solubility, please refer to the measured solubility data in water/PBS/Saline for details.
    The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only.If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
    Purity & Documentation

    Purity: 99.76%

    SDS (393 KB)

    COA (244 KB) HNMR (219 KB) RP-HPLC (237 KB)

    Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
    References
    Cell Assay
    [1]

    Cells are seeded at a density of 2,000 cells/well in 96-well plates with 200 µL culture medium containing Sodium Butyrate at different concentrations. Then, the cells are consecutively cultured for 72 h. Every 24 h, 20 µL 5 mg/mL MTT solution is added into the corresponding well, and the cells are cultured for another 4 h. Then, the solution is replaced with 150 µL dimethylsulfoxide, followed by gentle agitation of the plates for 15 min at room temperature. Finally, the absorbance at 492 nm is measured to represent the cell viability.

    MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
    Animal Administration
    [2]

    Seven-day-old rat pups are subjected to unilateral carotid artery ligation followed by 60 min of hypoxia (7.6% O2). Sodium Butyrate (300 mg/kg) is administered in a 5-day regime with the first injection given immediately after hypoxic exposure. The damage of the ipsilateral hemisphere is evaluated by hematoxylin-eosin staining 6 days after the insult. Samples are collected at 24 and 48 h and 6 days.

    MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
    References

    Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

    * Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
    Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

    Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
    H2O 1 mM 9.0836 mL 45.4182 mL 90.8364 mL 227.0911 mL
    5 mM 1.8167 mL 9.0836 mL 18.1673 mL 45.4182 mL
    10 mM 0.9084 mL 4.5418 mL 9.0836 mL 22.7091 mL
    15 mM 0.6056 mL 3.0279 mL 6.0558 mL 15.1394 mL
    20 mM 0.4542 mL 2.2709 mL 4.5418 mL 11.3546 mL
    25 mM 0.3633 mL 1.8167 mL 3.6335 mL 9.0836 mL
    30 mM 0.3028 mL 1.5139 mL 3.0279 mL 7.5697 mL
    40 mM 0.2271 mL 1.1355 mL 2.2709 mL 5.6773 mL
    50 mM 0.1817 mL 0.9084 mL 1.8167 mL 4.5418 mL
    60 mM 0.1514 mL 0.7570 mL 1.5139 mL 3.7849 mL
    80 mM 0.1135 mL 0.5677 mL 1.1355 mL 2.8386 mL
    100 mM 0.0908 mL 0.4542 mL 0.9084 mL 2.2709 mL

    * Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

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    Sodium butyrate Related Classifications

    Help & FAQs
    • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

      Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

    Keywords:

    Sodium butyrate156-54-7Butanoic acidButyric acidHDACAutophagyApoptosisEndogenous MetaboliteHistone deacetylasesanti-tumor activityneuroprotectionnasopharyngeal carcinoma5-8F6-10BapoptosisInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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