2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Apoptosis
  4. Apoptosis

Apoptosis

Apoptosis

Apoptosis

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Apoptosis is a distinctive form of cell death exhibiting specific morphological and biochemical characteristics, including cell membrane blebbing, chromatin condensation, genomic DNA fragmentation, and exposure of specific phagocytosis signaling molecules on the cell surface. Cells undergoing apoptosis differ from those dying through necrosis. Necrotic cells are usually recognized by the immune system as a danger signal and, thus, resulting in inflammation; in contrast, apoptotic death is quiet and orderly.

There are two major pathways of apoptotic cell death induction: The intrinsic pathway, also called the Bcl-2-regulated or mitochondrial pathway, is activated by various developmental cues or cytotoxic insults, such as viral infection, DNA damage and growth-factor deprivation, and is strictly controlled by the BCL-2 family of proteins. The extrinsic or death-receptor pathway is triggered by ligation of death receptors (members of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor family, such as Fas or TNF receptor-1 (TNFR1)) that contain an intracellular death domain, which can recruit and activate caspase-8 through the adaptor protein Fas-associated death domain (FADD; also known as MORT1) at the cell surface. This recruitment causes subsequent activation of downstream (effector) caspases, such as caspase-3, -6 or -7, without any involvement of the BCL-2 family.

Studies suggest that alterations in cell survival contribute to the pathogenesis of a number of human diseases, including cancer, viral infections, autoimmune diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, and AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome). Treatments designed to specifically alter the apoptotic threshold may have the potential to change the natural progression of some of these diseases.

Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-N0671R
    Rhapontin (Standard)
    		Inducer
    Rhapontin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Rhapontin (HY-N0671). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Rhapontin (Rhaponiticin) is an orally aactive SIRT1 agonist and AMPK activator with anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic activities. Rhapontin inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome activation by activating SIRT1 and inhibits TGF-β/Smad signaling via the AMPK pathway. Rhapontin reduces intestinal and lung inflammation, inhibits fibroblast differentiation and extracellular matrix deposition, and enhances tight junction protein expression to repair epithelial barriers. Rhapontin can be used in the study of inflammatory bowel diseases (such as ulcerative colitis) and pulmonary fibrosis.
    Rhapontin (Standard)
  • HY-125771S
    1-Stearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine-d35
    		Inducer 99%
    1-Stearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine-d35 is deuterium labeled 1-Stearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (HY-125771). 1-Stearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine is a lysophosphatidylcholine that inhibits HDAC3 activity and phosphorylation of STAT3 in K562 cells. 1-Stearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine induces apoptosis and exhibits anticancer activity in chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) K562 cells.
    1-Stearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine-d<sub>35</sub>
  • HY-103258
    TC ASK 10
    		Inducer 99.84%
    TC ASK 10 (Compound 10) is a potent, selective and orally active apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1) inhibitor with an IC50 of 14 nM. The inhibitory activities of TC ASK 10 towards other representative panel of kinases are less than 50%, except for ASK2 (IC50 of 0.51 μM).
    TC ASK 10
  • HY-172920
    Wnt/β-catenin-IN-6
    		Modulator 98.34%
    Wnt/β-catenin-IN-6 is an orally active Wnt/β-catenin pathway inhibitor. Wnt/β-catenin-IN-6 blocks the AKT/GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling pathway, leading to reduced expression of Wnt target genes (c-Myc, c-Jun). Wnt/β-catenin-IN-6 reduces COX2 expression and IL-8 levels, highlighting its dual anti-inflammatory and antitumor effects. Wnt/β-catenin-IN-6 can induce apoptosis. Wnt/β-catenin-IN-6 serves as a tool for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) research.
    Wnt/β-catenin-IN-6
  • HY-175208A
    MST3-IN-1 TFA
    		Inducer 99.38%
    MST3-IN-1 TFA (Compound LD-1) is a selective and orally active MST3 inhibitor, with an IC50 of 122.4 nM. MST3-IN-1 TFA shows antiproliferative activity against HepG2 cell. MST3-IN-1 TFA effectively induces Apoptosis in HepG2 cells, and halts the cell cycle at the G2/M transition. MST3-IN-1 TFA significantly suppressed tumor growth in HepG2 xenograft mice. MST3-IN-1 TFA can be used for the study of liver cancer.
    MST3-IN-1 TFA
  • HY-N4164
    Schinifoline
    		99.85%
    Schinifoline is a 4-quinolinone found in Zanthoxylum schinifolium. Schinifoline can inhibit cancer cells proliferation, cause G2/M phase arrest and induce apoptosis. Schinifoline can improve radiosensitizing effect of cancer cells. Schinifoline shows anti-fungal activity. Schinifoline can be used for the researches of cancer and infection, such as lung cancer and C. albicans infection.
    Schinifoline
  • HY-124727
    ZT55
    		Inducer 99.51%
    ZT55 is an orally active and highly-selective JAK2 inhibitor with an IC50 value of 0.031 μM. ZT55 inhibits the proliferation of JAK2V617F-expressing HEL cell lines and induces apoptosis and cycle arrest. ZT-55 also effectively inhibits the growth of HEL xenograft tumours in a mice model. ZT-55 can be used in studies of myeloproliferative neoplasms, polycythemia vera and primary thrombocythemia.
    ZT55
  • HY-P2213A
    GPLGIAGQ TFA
    		Inducer 99.89%
    GPLGIAGQ TFA, a MMP2-cleavable polypeptide, is used as a stimulus-sensitive linker in both liposomal and micellar nanocarriers for MMP2-triggered tumor targeting. GPLGIAGQ TFA can be used to synthesis unique MMP2-targeted photosensitizer in photodynamic therapy (PDT).
    GPLGIAGQ TFA
  • HY-148556
    Thalidomide-O-C6-azide
    		Inducer 99.10%
    Thalidomide-O-C6-azide is a synthesized E3 ligase ligand-linker conjugate that incorporates the Thalidomide (HY-14658) based cereblon ligand and a linker used in PROTAC technology. Thalidomide-O-C6-azide is a click chemistry reagent, it contains an Azide group and can undergo copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition reaction (CuAAc) with molecules containing Alkyne groups. It can also undergo strain-promoted alkyne-azide cycloaddition (SPAAC) reactions with molecules containing DBCO or BCN groups.
    Thalidomide-O-C6-azide
  • HY-N0300R
    Tetrahydropalmatine (Standard)
    		Inducer
    Tetrahydropalmatine (Standard) is the analytical standard of Tetrahydropalmatine. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Tetrahydropalmatine possesses analgesic effects. Tetrahydropalmatine acts through inhibition of amygdaloid release of dopamine to inhibit an epileptic attack in rats.
    Tetrahydropalmatine (Standard)
  • HY-N0429
    Diosbulbin B
    		Inducer 99.90%
    Diosbulbin B, a diterpene lactone, is an anticancer agent. Diosbulbin B is an orally active component of Dioscorea. bulbifera L. Diosbulbin B can inhibit cell proliferation, induce G0/G1 phase arrest and apoptosis. Diosbulbin B can induce autophagy and mitochondrial dysfunction. Diosbulbin B can induce liver injury. Diosbulbin B can be used for the research of cancer, such as non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
    Diosbulbin B
  • HY-116447
    Antitumor agent-159
    		Inducer 99.0%
    Antitumor agent-159 (Compound 13b) targets the mitochondria and downregulates cardiolipin levels. Antitumor agent-159 inhibits the proliferation of cancer cell MDA-MB-231, arrests the cell cycle at sub-G1 phase, and induces apoptosis in MDA-MB-231. Antitumor agent-159 exhibits antitumor efficacy in MDA-MB-231 xenograft mouse models.
    Antitumor agent-159
  • HY-147027
    PARP-1-IN-2
    		Inducer 99.48%
    PARP-1-IN-2 (compound 11g) is a potent PARP1 inhibitor, with an IC50 of 149 nM, and ADME prediction indicates it has high blood-brain barrier permeability. PARP1-IN-2 shows significantly potent anti-proliferative activity against Human lung adenocarcinoma epithelial cell line A549. PARP1-IN-2 can induce A549 cells apoptosis.
    PARP-1-IN-2
  • HY-156285
    ZZM-1220
    		Inducer 98.74%
    ZZM-1220 is a histone lysine methyltransferase G9a/GLP covalent inhibitor with IC50s of of 458 nM and 924 nM, respectively. ZZM-1220 inhibits H3K9me2 in cells and significantly induces apoptosis of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells and blocks the cell cycle in the G2/M phase.
    ZZM-1220
  • HY-161100
    BDM19
    		Inducer 99.38%
    BDM19 binds and activates cytosolic BAX dimers, and prompts cell apoptosis either alone or in combination with BCL-2/BCL-XL inhibitor Navitoclax (HY-10087).
    BDM19
  • HY-171047
    Autophagy inducer 7
    		Activator 99.45%
    Autophagy inducer 7 (Compound SSA) is an Autophagy and Apoptosis inducer. Autophagy inducer 7 activates autophagy by inhibiting Akt/mTOR signaling and the expression of downstream proteins. Autophagy inducer 7 suppresses DNA synthesis and causes a G0-G1 cell-cycle arrest. Autophagy inducer 7 inhibits tumor cell growth.
    Autophagy inducer 7
  • HY-162325
    WJ-39
    		Inhibitor 99.60%
    WJ-39 is an orally active aldose reductase (AR) inhibitor. WJ-39 improves tubular damage in diabetic nephropathy rats by activating PINK1/Parkin signaling, promoting mitophagy, and attenuating apoptosis.
    WJ-39
  • HY-106784
    Ajoene
    		Inducer ≥99.0%
    Ajoene, a garlic-derived compound, is an antithrombotic and antifungal agent. Ajoene inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis of human leukaemia CD34-negative cells including HL-60, U937, HEL and OCIM-I. Anticancer activities.
    Ajoene
  • HY-168996
    LA-CB1
    		Inducer 98.20%
    LA-CB1 is an Abemaciclib (HY-16297A) derivative that targets CDK4/6 and promotes its degradation via the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway, thereby disrupting the CDK4/6-Cyclin D1-Rb-E2F axis and inducing G0/G1 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. LA-CB1 exhibits antiproliferative activity against MDA-MB-231 cells, with an IC50 of 0.27 µM, and effectively inhibits epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), cell migration, invasion, and angiogenesis. In highly aggressive models such as triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), LA-CB1 significantly suppresses tumor growth in a dose-dependent manner. LA-CB1 holds potential for research in the field of breast cancer.
    LA-CB1
  • HY-W009276
    γ-Linolenic Acid methyl ester
    		Inducer 98.08%
    γ-Linolenic Acid methyl ester (Methyl GLA) is an esterified version of γ-Linolenic Acid (GLA), which is an ω-6 fatty acid, serves as melanoma cell proliferation inhibitors. γ-Linolenic Acid methyl ester inhibits ADP-induced blood platelet aggregation and induces apoptosis.
    γ-Linolenic Acid methyl ester
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity