Danshenol A
Based on 1 Customer Validation
Danshenol A, an abietane-type diterpenoid, is an aldose reductase (AR) inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.1 μM. Danshenol A can protect endothelial cells from oxidative stress by directly scavenging ROS. Danshenol A has anti-inflammatory and antitumor properties. Danshenol A can be used for atherosclerosis research.
For research use only. We do not sell to patients.
- Purity : 99.67%
- CAS No.: 189308-08-5
- Formula: C21H20O4
- Molecular Weight:336.38
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Storage:
4°C, protect from light
* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light)
To place orders, for customer services and technical support, please contact: MedChemExpress USA
Tel: 609-228-6898 E-mail: [email protected] [email protected]
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Biological Activity
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Chemical Information
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Solvent & Solubility
- Protocols
- Purity & Documentation
- References
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Help & FAQs
Biological Activity
Description
IC50 & Target
IC50: 0.1 μM (Aldose reductase)[3]
In Vitro
Danshenol A (10 nM; pretreatment for 1 h) alone showed no effect on the ICAM-1 expression at both mRNA and protein levels. TNF-α-induced ICAM-1 expression and subsequent adhesion of monocytes, as well as elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and NOX4 expression are all significantly reversed by Danshenol A
Danshenol A inhibits TNF-α-induced ICAM-1 expression and subsequent monocyte adhesion to endothelial cells through the NOX4-dependent IKKβ/NF-κB pathway[1].
Danshenol A (1, 3, and 10 μM; pretreated for 35 min) restores apoptosis of cardiomyocytes induced by angiotensin II. Besides, Danshenol A inhibits mitochondrial redox signaling pathways in cardiomyocytes[2].
Danshenol A shows inhibited growth of K562 (IC50 = 0.53 μg/mL), T-24 (IC50 = 7.94 μg/mL), QGY (IC50 = 4.65 μg/mL) and Me180 (IC50 = 6.89 μg/mL) cell lines[4].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only. Further protocols information, click here.
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Cell Line:HUVEC cells
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Concentration:10 nM
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Incubation Time:Pretreatment for 1 h
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Result:Showed no effect on the ICAM-1 expression at both mRNA and protein levels.
In Vivo
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
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Animal Model:Forty male spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and eight male Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats at the age of 16 weeks[2]
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Dosage:0.3 mg/kg, 1 mg/kg, 3 mg/kg
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Administration:Orally administration; daily; for 12 weeks
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Result:Ameliorated blood pressure, cardiac injury, and myocardial collagen volume and improved cardiac function.
Chemical Information
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CAS No. 189308-08-5
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Appearance Solid
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Molecular Weight 336.38
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Formula C21H20O4
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Color White to off-white
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SMILES
O=C1[C@@](CC(C)=O)(O)C2=C(C3=C1[C@@H](C)CO3)C=CC4=C2C=CC=C4C
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Structure Classification
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Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Storage
4°C, protect from light
* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light)
Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro:
DMSO : ≥ 12.5 mg/mL (37.16 mM; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)
* "≥" means soluble, but saturation unknown.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
In Vivo:
Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.
- For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
- To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
- The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline
Solubility: ≥ 1.25 mg/mL (3.72 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 1.25 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (12.5 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:
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Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
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%DMSO +
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
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%+
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+%Tween-80 + +
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%Saline +
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL DMSO. Stock solution concentration: mg/mL. * In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light)
1. Take μL DMSO stock solution;
2. Add μL .
μL , mix evenly;
3. Then add μL Tween 80, mix evenly;
4. Then add μL
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Protocols
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Cell Cytotoxicity Assay
Cytotoxicity assays are usually based on the assessment of cell membrane damage, which can also be indirectly detected by measuring cell viability. Detection methods include MTT assay, CKK-8 assay, LDH assay and ATP assay, etc.
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ROS/oxidative-stress fluorescent staining
ROS/oxidative-stress fluorescent staining uses cell-permeant fluorogenic probes that become fluorescent after oxidation inside cells or tissues; commonly used examples include DCFH-DA/DCFDA for broad cellular oxidant detection, DHE for superoxide-related signal detection, MitoSOX for mitochondrial superoxide-related signal detection, and CellROX probes for oxidative-stress-associated fluorescence readouts. The assay detects probe oxidation rather than a single ROS species unless the probe and analysis method have been chemically validated for that species. DCFH-DA enters cells, is deacetylated by intracellular esterases to DCFH, and produces fluorescent DCF after oxidation, so the readout is used as an operational measure of total cellular oxidative stress rather than a species-specific ROS measurement. DHE and MitoSOX can report superoxide-related oxidation, but red fluorescence alone can include non-specific ethidium-like oxidation products; HPLC or optimized spectral approaches are
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Endothelial Tube Formation Assay
Endothelial tube formation assay evaluates the ability of endothelial cells to attach, migrate, align, and organize into capillary-like networks when cultured on gelled basement membrane extract or Matrigel; the readout is the morphology and quantity of tube-like networks, which reflects an in vitro endothelial morphogenesis step related to angiogenesis. Basement membrane extract/Matrigel provides laminin-rich extracellular matrix cues that support endothelial differentiation into capillary-like structures, but it can contain biologically active growth factors, so growth-factor-reduced matrix is preferred when testing defined angiogenic stimulators or inhibitors.
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Research Protocol for Cardiovascular Diseases
Cardiovascular disease can be modeled as maladaptive cardiac remodeling, where ischemic injury or pressure overload activates inflammatory signaling, fibroblast activation, extracellular-matrix deposition, cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, vascular remodeling, and progressive ventricular dysfunction. The TGF-β/SMAD axis is a central profibrotic pathway after myocardial injury and pressure overload, while innate immune and cytokine pathways regulate leukocyte recruitment, scar formation, and adverse remodeling. Key unresolved questions include which inflammatory signals are reparative versus harmful, when fibrosis is protective versus maladaptive, and whether pathway inhibition improves function without weakening necessary infarct healing or compensatory remodeling.
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Research Protocol for Inflammation-related Diseases
The NLRP3 inflammasome is a cytosolic innate immune signaling platform that integrates priming signals and danger-signal activation to promote caspase-1 activation, maturation of IL-1β and IL-18, and gasdermin D-mediated pyroptotic cell death. The core experimental logic is to determine whether inflammatory disease phenotypes are driven by increased NLRP3 expression, ASC-containing inflammasome assembly, caspase-1 cleavage, GSDMD cleavage, and extracellular release of IL-1β/IL-18 rather than by nonspecific cell injury alone. The pathway is strongly linked to inflammation-related disease phenotypes because monosodium urate crystals activate NALP3/NLRP3 inflammasome signaling in gout-like crystal inflammation, cholesterol crystals activate NLRP3 inflammasomes in atherogenesis models, and DSS-induced intestinal inflammation has been reported to involve NLRP3 inflammasome activity. However, experimental colitis studies also show context-dependent protective effects of NLRP3 inflammasome co
Purity & Documentation
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Data Sheet (286 KB)
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SDS (251 KB)
- English - EN (251 KB)
- Français - FR (251 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (251 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (251 KB)
- Español - ES (251 KB)
- Swedish - SV (251 KB)
- Italian - IT (251 KB)
- Korean - KR (251 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (251 KB)
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Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
[1]. Wenwen Zhao, et al. Danshenol A inhibits TNF-α-induced expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) mediated by NOX4 in endothelial cells. Sci Rep. 2017 Oct 11;7(1):12953. [Content Brief]
[2]. Kai Chen, et al. Danshenol A Alleviates Hypertension-Induced Cardiac Remodeling by Ameliorating Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Suppressing Reactive Oxygen Species Production. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2019 Sep 11;2019:2580409. [Content Brief]
[3]. Y Tezuka, et al. Aldose reductase inhibitory constituents of the root of Salvia miltiorhiza Bunge. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo). 1997 Aug;45(8):1306-11. [Content Brief]
[4]. Gang Xu, et al. Two new abietane diterpenoids from Salvia yunnanensis. Planta Med. 2006 Jan;72(1):84-6. [Content Brief]
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
| Optional Solvent | Concentration Solvent Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 25 mg |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DMSO | 1 mM | 2.9728 mL | 14.8641 mL | 29.7283 mL | 74.3207 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.5946 mL | 2.9728 mL | 5.9457 mL | 14.8641 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2973 mL | 1.4864 mL | 2.9728 mL | 7.4321 mL | |
| 15 mM | 0.1982 mL | 0.9909 mL | 1.9819 mL | 4.9547 mL | |
| 20 mM | 0.1486 mL | 0.7432 mL | 1.4864 mL | 3.7160 mL | |
| 25 mM | 0.1189 mL | 0.5946 mL | 1.1891 mL | 2.9728 mL | |
| 30 mM | 0.0991 mL | 0.4955 mL | 0.9909 mL | 2.4774 mL |
Danshenol A Related Classifications
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