Isotope-Labeled Dicarboxylic Acids

Dodecanedioic acid-d₂₀ is the deuterium labeled Dodecanedioic acid (HY-W012241). Dodecanedioic acid is an orally active straight-chain dicarboxylic acid. As an alternative energy substrate between lipids and carbohydrates, Dodecanedioic acid can be rapidly oxidized during exercise, reducing muscle fatigue without stimulating insulin secretion. Dodecanedioic acid also exhibits blood glucose-lowering activity in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.

Butanedioic acid-¹³C₂ is the ¹³C labeled Succinic acid[1]. Succinic acid is a potent and orally active anxiolytic agent. Succinic acid is an intermediate product of the tricarboxylic acid cycle. Succinic acid can be used as a precursor of many industrially important chemicals in food, chemical and pharmaceutical industries[2][3].

Undecanedioic acid-d₁₈ is the deuterium labeled Undecanedioic acid (HY-W014125). Undecanedioic acid is an oral activie nndogenous metabolite. Undecanedioic acid is associated with intercellular matrix macromolecules and specifically with elastin.

Adipic acid-¹³C₂ (Hexanedioic acid-¹³C₂) is ¹³C labeled Adipic acid (HY-W017522). Adipic acid (Hexanedioic acid) is an orally active compound with anti-HSV-1 activity. Adipic acid has low toxicity and can be used as a food additive and a gelling agent. Adipic acid can also be used in the synthesis of lubricants, artificial resins, plastics, etc.

(2S,6S)-2,6-Diaminoheptanedioic acid-¹³C₇,¹⁵N₂ (L-threo-2,6-Diaminopimelic acid-¹³C₇,¹⁵N₂) is ¹³C and ¹⁵N-labeled (2S,6S)-2,6-diaminoheptanedioic acid (HY-W334800).

trans-trans-Muconic acid-d₄-1 is a deuterium labeled trans-trans-Muconic acid (HY-113247). trans-trans-Muconic acid is a urinary metabolite of benzene and has been used as a biomarker of exposure to benzene in human.

Pimelic acid-d₄ is the deuterium labeled Pimelic acid. Pimelic acid is the organic compound and its derivatives are involved in the biosynthesis of the amino acid called lysine.

Adipic acid-d₄-1 (Hexanedioic acid-d₄-1) is the deuterium labeled Adipic acid (HY-W017522). Adipic acid (Hexanedioic acid) is an orally active compound with anti-HSV-1 activity. Adipic acid has low toxicity and can be used as a food additive and a gelling agent. Adipic acid can also be used in the synthesis of lubricants, artificial resins, plastics, etc.

2-Methylsuccinic acid-d₆ is the deuterium labeled 2-Methylsuccinic acid. 2-Methylsuccinic acid is a normal metabolite in human fluids and the main biochemical measurable features in ethylmalonic encephalopathy.

3-Methylglutaric acid-d₄ is the deuterium labeled 3-Methylglutaric acid (HY-113410). 3-Methylglutaric acid is a non-selective inhibitor of mitochondrial function and Na⁺, K⁺-ATPase, with an inhibition rate of 30% on rat cortical synaptosomal Na⁺, K⁺-ATPase. 3-Methylglutaric acid can induce reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, thereby causing oxidative damage and inhibiting mitochondrial redox potential and ion pump function of cell membranes. 3-Methylglutaric acid can be used to study the neuropathological mechanisms of metabolic diseases and the role of oxidative stress-mediated neuronal damage in neurodegeneration.

Hexadecanedioic acid-d₂₈ is the deuterium labeled Hexadecanedioic acid (HY-W018161). Hexadecanedioic acid (Thapsic acid) is an orally active metabolite produced by B. uniformis. Hexadecanedioic acid inhibits IRE1α-XBP1s-mediated flipogenesis and ferroptosis. Hexadecanedioic acid downregulates XBP1 and Hrd1 expression, activates the Nrf2/SLC7A11/GPX4 pathway. Hexadecanedioic acid can be used for the research of metabolic-associated fatty liver disease.

Dodecanedioic acid-d₄ is the deuterium labeled Dodecanedioic acid (HY-W012241). Dodecanedioic acid is an orally active straight-chain dicarboxylic acid. As an alternative energy substrate between lipids and carbohydrates, Dodecanedioic acid can be rapidly oxidized during exercise, reducing muscle fatigue without stimulating insulin secretion. Dodecanedioic acid also exhibits blood glucose-lowering activity in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.

Succinic acid-¹³C₂ is the ¹³C labeled Succinic acid[1]. Succinic acid is a potent and orally active anxiolytic agent. Succinic acid is an intermediate product of the tricarboxylic acid cycle. Succinic acid can be used as a precursor of many industrially important chemicals in food, chemical and pharmaceutical industries[2][3].