mRNA
Human TGFBR1 mRNA encodes the human transforming growth factor beta receptor 1 (TGFBR1) protein, a serine/threonine protein kinase. TGFBR1 can form a heteromeric complex with type II TGF-beta receptors when bound to TGF-beta, transducing the TGF-beta signal from the cell surface to the cytoplasm.
Human TGFBR2 mRNA encodes the human transforming growth factor beta receptor 2 (TGFBR2) protein, a transmembrane protein that has a protein kinase domain, forms a heterodimeric complex with TGF-beta receptor type-1, and binds TGF-beta. TGFBR2/ligand complex phosphorylates proteins, which then enter the nucleus and regulate the transcription of genes related to cell proliferation, cell cycle arrest, wound healing, immunosuppression, and tumorigenesis.
Human TGFBR3 mRNA encodes the human transforming growth factor beta receptor 3 (TGFBR3) protein, a transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta type III receptor. TGFBR3 is a membrane proteoglycan that often functions as a co-receptor with other TGF-beta receptor superfamily members. Ectodomain shedding produces soluble TGFBR3, which may inhibit TGFB signaling. Decreased expression of this receptor has been observed in various cancers.
Human TLR1 mRNA encodes the human toll like receptor 1 (TLR1) protein, a member of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) family which plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunity.
Human TLR10 mRNA encodes the human toll like receptor 10 (TLR10) protein, a member of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) family which plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunity. TLR10 participates in the innate immune response to microbial agents.
Human TLR3 mRNA encodes the human toll like receptor 3 (TLR3) protein, a member of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) family which plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunity. TLR3 recognizes dsRNA associated with viral infection, and induces the activation of NF-kappaB and the production of type I interferons. It may thus play a role in host defense against viruses.
Human TLR4 mRNA encodes the human toll like receptor 4 (TLR4) protein, a member of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) family which plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunity. TLR4 has been implicated in signal transduction events induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) found in most gram-negative bacteria.
Human TLR5 mRNA encodes the human toll like receptor 5 (TLR5) protein, a member of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) family which plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunity. TLR5 recognizes bacterial flagellin, the principal component of bacterial flagella and a virulence factor. The activation of this receptor mobilizes the nuclear factor NF-kappaB, which in turn activates a host of inflammatory-related target genes.
Human TLR6 mRNA encodes the human toll like receptor 6 (TLR6) protein, a member of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) family which plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunity. TLR6 interacts with toll-like receptor 2 to mediate cellular response to bacterial lipoproteins.
Human TLR7 mRNA encodes the human toll like receptor 7 (TLR7) protein, a member of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) family which plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunity. TLR7 senses single-stranded RNA oligonucleotides containing guanosine- and uridine-rich sequences from RNA viruses, a recognition occuring in the endosomes of plasmacytoid dendritic cells and B cells.
Human TLR8 mRNA encodes the human toll like receptor 8 (TLR8) protein, a member of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) family which plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunity. TLR8 acts via MYD88 and TRAF6, leading to NF-kappa-B activation, cytokine secretion and the inflammatory response.
Human TLR9 mRNA encodes the human toll like receptor 9 (TLR9) protein, a member of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) family which plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunity. TLR9 mediates cellular response to unmethylated CpG dinucleotides in bacterial DNA to mount an innate immune response.
Human TNF mRNA encodes the human tumor necrosis factor (TNF) protein, a multifunctional proinflammatory cytokine that belongs to the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily. TNF is involved in the regulation of a wide spectrum of biological processes including cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, lipid metabolism, and coagulation.
Human TNFRSF14 mRNA encodes the human TNF receptor superfamily member 14 (TNFRSF14) protein, a member of the TNF receptor superfamily. TNFRSF14 functions in signal transduction pathways that activate inflammatory and inhibitory T-cell immune response. It binds herpes simplex virus (HSV) viral envelope glycoprotein D (gD), mediating its entry into cells.
Human TNFRSF1A mRNA encodes the human TNF receptor superfamily member 1A (TNFRSF1A) protein, a member of the TNF receptor superfamily.
Human TNFRSF1B mRNA encodes the human TNF receptor superfamily member 1B (TNFRSF1B) protein, a member of the TNF receptor superfamily.
Human TNFRSF4 mRNA encodes the human TNF receptor superfamily member 4 (TNFRSF4) protein, a member of the TNF receptor superfamily. TNFRSF4 has been shown to activate NF-kappaB through its interaction with adaptor proteins TRAF2 and TRAF5.
Human TNFRSF8 mRNA encodes the human TNF receptor superfamily member 8 (TNFRSF8) protein, a member of the TNF receptor superfamily. TNFRSF8 is a positive regulator of apoptosis, and also has been shown to limit the proliferative potential of autoreactive CD8 effector T cells and protect the body against autoimmunity.
Human TNFSF8 mRNA encodes the human TNF superfamily member 8 (TNFSF8) protein, a cytokine that belongs to the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) ligand family. TNFSF8 was shown to enhance cell proliferation of some lymphoma cell lines, while to induce cell death and reduce cell proliferation of other lymphoma cell lines.
