TSSK2

TSSK2 stands out among testis-specific kinases because Tssk2-null male mice are sterile, with spermiogenesis arrested during the elongation and condensation phases. The kinase is expressed in post-meiotic spermatids, localizes to structures including the manchette, and partners with TSSK1 in complexes that shape sperm head remodeling. Human TSSK2 lies close to the TSSK1 genes, and its restricted germ-cell expression has made it a leading target for non-hormonal male contraceptives. Like other family members, TSSK2 belongs to the CAMK group and depends on autophosphorylation for activity. Recombinant TSSK2 is used to probe substrate phosphorylation during spermatid maturation and to screen small-molecule inhibitors aimed at blocking spermatid kinases.