Wnt3a Surrogate Protein, Human (HEK293, Fc)

Wnt3a Surrogate protein is a Wnt recombination protein that plays an important role in embryonic development, adult tissue homeostasis and injury repair. Wnt3a Surrogate protein, consisting of the domain and Fc portion of Wnt3a, helps organoids expand and maintain a source of Wnt. Organoids are a rapidly evolving model system for tissue development, and Wnt3a is considered as the essential protein for organoid growth. Wnt3a or the small molecule glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3) inhibitor CHIR are commonly used as Wnt sources in experiments. However, the application of Wnt3a is hampered by Wnt lipidation, and cross-reactivity with Wnt frizzled (Fzd). Therefore, Wnt3a Surrogate protein was used instead of Wnt3a, as a water-soluble and Fzd-specific alternative Wnt agonist. And the Wnt3a Surrogate protein exhibits tissue selectivity consistent with Fzd isoform specificity^[1][2][3]. Wnt3a Surrogate Protein, Human (HEK293, Fc) is a recombinant Wnt3a protein of human origin, expressed by HEK293 cells with an Fc tag.

Wnt is a secreted glycoprotein comprising 19 human proteins that signal through both canonical and non-canonical pathways. Wnts are involved in developmental morphology, stem cell maintenance, and wound healing, and can travel long distances or attach to the surface of exosomes. Among them, Wnt3a is an important molecule that can activate the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and participate in various physiological and pathological processes, such as embryonic development, tissue repair, and tumor progression. Wnt3a also plays a role in cardiomyogenesis, skeletal muscle development, nervous system formation, and migration and invasion of trophoblast cells^[4][5].
1. The Wnt family includes: Wnt1, Wnt2, Wnt2b (Wnt13), Wnt3, Wnt3a, Wnt4, Wnt5a, Wnt5b, Wnt6, Wnt7a, Wnt7b, Wnt8a, Wnt8b, Wnt9a (Wnt14), Wnt9b (Wnt14b), Wnt10a, Wnt10b, Wnt11 and Wnt16.
2. Wnt canonical pathway: also known as Wnt/β-catenin pathway.
3. Wnt non-canonical pathway: including Wnt-planar cell polarity pathway (Wnt-PCP pathway) and Wnt-calcium pathway (Wnt-Ca²⁺ pathway).
4. Introduction to Wnt3a: It is an important molecule in the process of cell signal transduction and development, and is highly conserved. Wnt3a interacts with Frizzled receptors, induces the accumulation of β-catenin, and activates the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Wnt3a also stimulates migration and invasion of trophoblasts.
Wnt3a function: In embryonic development, Wnt3a is involved in the formation of embryonic axis and directed cell differentiation; in adult tissues, Wnt3a is related to the regulation of stem cell self-renewal and cell fate determination, and is also related to the occurrence and development of certain tumors. For example, Wnt3a promotes or inhibits tumor progression through the canonical Wnt signaling pathway. Wnt3a is also associated with post-injury remodeling and cell expansion, and upregulation of WNT3a improves repair. Wnt3a also plays an important role in organ formation. It can promote cardiomyogenesis by increasing T cell-specific transcription factor (TCF)-dependent transcription and inducing cardiac-specific markers, bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) and myosin heavy chain (MHC). Studies have shown that Wnt3a induces myogenesis in differentiated body muscle groups, activates myogenic differentiation antigen (MyoD) expression, and promotes skeletal muscle development. Wnt3a activates the atypical protein kinase Cloys (pKCiota) and induces a punctate distribution of pKCiota in neurites and cytoplasm, with a particularly strong signal at the centrosome. Wnt3a plays a crucial role in the maintenance and differentiation of neuromesoderm stem cells. Thus, Wnt3a is involved in the formation of the nervous system.

Measured by its ability to induce Topflash reporter activity in HEK293T human embryonic kidney cells. The ED₅₀ for this effect is <62 ng/mL.

Human

HEK293

Fc

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/

Full Length of Mature Protein

Approximately 66-73 kDa, based on SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions.

≥ 95%, as determined by reducing SDS-PAGE.

Solution

Supplied as a 0.22 μm filtered solution of 25 mM Tris-HCl, 500 mM NaCl, pH 8.2.
Note: For SPR assay, please replace the buffer. Primary amine components (e.g., Tris, imidazole) can affect protein-coupled chips.

< 0.01 EU/µg as determined by LAL test.

N/A.

Stored at -80°C for 1 year from date of receipt. It is stable at -20°C for 3 months after opening. It is recommended to freeze aliquots at -80°C for extended storage. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Shipping with dry ice.

• [1]. Janda CY, et al. Surrogate Wnt agonists that phenocopy canonical Wnt and β-catenin signalling. Nature. 2017 May 11;545(7653):234-237.  [Content Brief]

  [2]. Chen H, et al. Development of Potent, Selective Surrogate WNT Molecules and Their Application in Defining Frizzled Requirements. Cell Chem Biol. 2020 May 21;27(5):598-609.e4.  [Content Brief]

  [3]. Miao Y, et al. Next-Generation Surrogate Wnts Support Organoid Growth and Deconvolute Frizzled Pleiotropy In Vivo. Cell Stem Cell. 2020 Nov 5;27(5):840-851.e6.  [Content Brief]

  [4]. He S, et al. Wnt3a: functions and implications in cancer. Chin J Cancer. 2015 Sep 14;34(12):554-62.  [Content Brief]

  [5]. Thomas BL, et al. WNT3A-loaded exosomes enable cartilage repair. J Extracell Vesicles. 2021 May;10(7):e12088.  [Content Brief]