Drug Components Standards

Doxorubicin hydrochloride (Standard) is the analytical standard of Doxorubicin hydrochloride. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Doxorubicin (Hydroxydaunorubicin) hydrochloride, a cytotoxic anthracycline antibiotic, is an anti-cancer chemotherapy agent. Doxorubicin hydrochloride is a potent human DNA topoisomerase I and topoisomerase II inhibitor with IC₅₀s of 0.8 μM and 2.67 μM, respectively. Doxorubicin hydrochloride reduces basal phosphorylation of AMPK and its downstream target acetyl-CoA carboxylase. Doxorubicin hydrochloride induces apoptosis and autophagy.

Y-27632 dihydrochloride (Standard) is the analytical standard of Y-27632 dihydrochloride. Y-27632 dihydrochloride is an orally active and ATP-competitive ROCK (Rho-kinase) inhibitor (ROCK-I K_i=220 nM; ROCK-II K_i=300 nM). Y-27632 dihydrochloride shows antiepileptic effects.

Retinoic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of Retinoic acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Retinoic acid is a metabolite of vitamin A that plays important roles in cell growth, differentiation, and organogenesis. Retinoic acid is a natural agonist of RAR nuclear receptors, with IC₅₀s of 14 nM for RARα/β/γ. Retinoic acid bind to PPARβ/δ with K_d of 17 nM. Retinoic acid acts as an inhibitor of transcription factor Nrf2 through activation of retinoic acid receptor alpha.

Estradiol (Standard) is the analytical standard of Estradiol. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Estradiol (β-Estradiol) is a steroid hormone and the major female sex hormone. Estradiol can up-regulate the expression of neural markers of human endometrial stem cells (hEnSCs) and promote their neural differentiation. Estradiol can be used for the research of cancers, neurodegenerative diseases and neural tissue engineering.

Hydrocortisone (Standard) is the analytical standard of Hydrocortisone. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Hydrocortisone (Cortisol) is a steroid hormone or glucocorticoid secreted by the adrenal cortex.

Ixazomib citrate (Standard) is the analytical standard of Ixazomib citrate (HY-10452). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Ixazomib citrate (MLN9708) is a selective, orally active, second-generation proteasome inhibitor. Ixazomib citrate can be used for the study of a broad range of human malignancies.

Enarodustat (Standard) is the analytical standard of Enarodustat (HY-109057). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Enarodustat is a potent and orally active hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor, with an EC₅₀ of 0.22 μM. Enarodustat has the potential for renal anemia treatment.

Chloroquine (Standard) is the analytical standard of Chloroquine. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Chloroquine is an antimalarial and anti-inflammatory agent widely used to treat malaria and rheumatoid arthritis. Chloroquine is an autophagy and toll-like receptors (TLRs) inhibitor. Chloroquine is highly effective in the control of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) infection in vitro (EC₅₀=1.13 μM).

Tamoxifen (Standard) is the analytical standard of Tamoxifen (HY-13757A). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Tamoxifen (ICI 47699) is an orally active, selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) which blocks estrogen action in breast cells and can activate estrogen activity in other cells, such as bone, liver, and uterine cells. Tamoxifen is a potent Hsp90 activator and enhances the Hsp90 molecular chaperone ATPase activity. Tamoxifen also potent inhibits infectious EBOV Zaire and Marburg (MARV) with IC₅₀ of 0.1 μM and 1.8 μM, respectively. Tamoxifen activates autophagy and induces apoptosis. Tamoxifen also can induce gene knockout of CreER(T2) transgenic mouse.

ATP (Standard) is the analytical standard of ATP. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. ATP (Adenosine 5'-triphosphate) is a central component of energy storage and metabolism in vivo. ATP provides the metabolic energy to drive metabolic pumps and serves as a coenzyme in cells. ATP is an important endogenous signaling molecule in immunity and inflammation. In Vitro: ATP (5 mM; 1 hour) co-treatment with LPS (1 μg/mL) has a synergistic effect on the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome in HGFs.
ATP (2 mM; 0.5-24 hours) induces secretion of IL-1β, KC and MIP-2 from BMDMs in a caspase-1 activation-dependent manner.
ATP promotes neutrophil chemotaxis in vitro.
In Vivo: ATP (50 mg/kg; i.p.) protects mice against bacterial infection in vivo.
ATP induces the secretion of IL-1β, KC and MIP-2 and neutrophils recruitment in vivo.

Aspirin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Aspirin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Aspirin (Acetylsalicylic acid) is an orally active, potent and irreversible inhibitor of cyclooxygenase COX-1 and COX-2, with IC₅₀ values of 5 and 210 μg/mL, respectively. Aspirin induces apoptosis. Aspirin inhibits the activation of NF-κB. Aspirin also inhibits platelet prostaglandin synthetase, and can prevent coronary artery and cerebrovascular thrombosis.

L-Ascorbic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of L-Ascorbic acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. L-Ascorbic acid (L-Ascorbate), an electron donor, is an endogenous antioxidant agent. L-Ascorbic acid inhibits selectively Ca_v3.2 channels with an IC₅₀ of 6.5 μM. L-Ascorbic acid is also a collagen deposition enhancer and an elastogenesis inhibitor. L-Ascorbic acid exhibits anti-cancer effects through the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and selective damage to cancer cells.

Resveratrol (Standard) is the analytical standard of Resveratrol. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Resveratrol (trans-Resveratrol; SRT501), a natural polyphenolic phytoalexin that possesses anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, cardioprotective, and anti-cancer properties. Resveratrol (SRT 501) has a wide spectrum of targets including mTOR, JAK, β-amyloid, Adenylyl cyclase, IKKβ, DNA polymerase. Resveratrol also is a specific SIRT1 activator. Resveratrol is a potent pregnane X receptor (PXR) inhibitor. Resveratrol is an Nrf2 activator, ameliorates aging-related progressive renal injury in mice model. Resveratrol increases production of NO in endothelial cells.

L-Tryptophan (standard) is the analytical standard of L-Tryptophan. L-Tryptophan (Tryptophan) is an orally active and essential amino acid that is the precursor of serotonin, melatonin, and vitamin B3. L-Tryptophan can promote an increase in stemness and osteogenic ability of BMSCs in vitro and in vivo. L-Tryptophan inhibits cell proliferation and induced cell cycle arrest with high levels.

Cholesterol (Standard) is the analytical standard of Cholesterol. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Cholesterol is the major sterol in mammals. It is making up 20-25% of structural component of the plasma membrane. Plasma membranes are highly permeable to water but relatively impermeable to ions and protons. Cholesterol plays an important role in determining the fluidity and permeability characteristics of the membrane as well as the function of both the transporters and signaling proteins. Cholesterol is also an endogenous estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα) agonist.

Capsaicin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Capsaicin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Capsaicin ((E)-Capsaicin), an active component of chili peppers, is a TRPV1 agonist. Capsaicin induces a nociceptive response by binding to its receptors. Capsaicin has analgesic effects on neurological disorders. Capsaicin has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer effects.

Quercetin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Quercetin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Quercetin, a natural flavonoid, is a stimulator of recombinant SIRT1 and also a PI3K inhibitor with IC50 of 2.4 μM, 3.0 μM and 5.4 μM for PI3K γ, PI3K δ and PI3K β, respectively.

Paclitaxel (Standard) is the analytical standard of Paclitaxel. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Paclitaxel is a naturally occurring antineoplastic agent and stabilizes tubulin polymerization. Paclitaxel can cause both mitotic arrest and apoptotic cell death. Paclitaxel also induces autophagy.

L-Glutathione reduced (Standard) is the analytical standard of L-Glutathione reduced. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. L-Glutathione reduced (GSH; γ-L-Glutamyl-L-cysteinyl-glycine) is an endogenous antioxidant and is capable of scavenging oxygen-derived free radicals.

Prostaglandin E2 (Standard) is the analytical standard of Prostaglandin E2. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is a hormone-like substance that participate in a wide range of body functions such as the contraction and relaxation of smooth muscle, the dilation and constriction of blood vessels, control of blood pressure, and modulation of inflammation.