Tunicamycin A1
Tunicamycin A1 (Tunicamycin 14:1; Tunicamycin II; Tunicamycin C) is an antibiotic. Tunicamycin A1 exhibits antibacterial activity against a variety of bacterial. Tunicamycin A1 can be used in studies related to bacterial infections.
For research use only. We do not sell to patients.
- CAS No.: 66081-37-6
- Formula: C37H60N4O16
- Molecular Weight:816.89
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Storage:
Please store the product under the recommended conditions in the Certificate of Analysis.
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Biological Activity
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Chemical Information
- Protocols
- Purity & Documentation
- References
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Help & FAQs
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Biological Activity
Description
In Vitro
Tunicamycin A1 (Compound 6) exhibits antibacterial activity against Bacillus thuringiensis BT01, Bacillus thuringiensis W102, Candida albicans ATCC 96901, and Candida albicans CMCC (F) 98001, with MIC values of 2, 1, 32, and 8 g/mL, respectively[2].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only. Further protocols information, click here.
Chemical Information
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CAS No. 66081-37-6
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Molecular Weight 816.89
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Formula C37H60N4O16
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SMILES
O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H]([C@H](O)C[C@@H](O2)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](NC(/C=C/CCCCCCCCC(C)C)=O)[C@]2([H])O[C@@H](O[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]3O)O)CO)[C@@H]3NC(C)=O)O[C@H]1N4C=CC(NC4=O)=O
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Synonyms
Tunicamycin 14:1; Tunicamycin II; Tunicamycin C
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Structure Classification
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Initial Source
Streptomyces xinghaiensis SCSIO S15077
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Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Storage
Please store the product under the recommended conditions in the Certificate of Analysis.
Protocols
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Research Protocol for Infectious Diseases
Infectious-disease experiments test how pathogens interact with host barriers, innate immune receptors, inflammatory signaling, pathogen replication, and tissue injury; pattern-recognition receptors such as TLRs, RIG-I-like receptors, NOD-like receptors, and inflammasomes detect microbial molecules and activate NF-κB, interferon, and cytokine responses. The central hypothesis is that infection severity reflects the balance between pathogen burden and host response: protective inflammation restricts pathogen growth, whereas excessive or mislocalized inflammation contributes to tissue damage and disease phenotype. Unresolved questions include which host pathways are protective versus pathogenic, why some infection models fail to translate to human disease, and which combined readouts best predict clinically relevant infection outcomes.
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Bacterial live/dead nucleic-acid viability staining
The LIVE/DEAD bacterial viability staining method is based on differential permeability of nucleic-acid-binding fluorescent dyes, most commonly SYTO 9 and propidium iodide (PI), which enables discrimination of bacterial populations with intact versus compromised cytoplasmic membranes. SYTO 9 penetrates both intact and damaged bacterial membranes and binds nucleic acids to produce green fluorescence, whereas propidium iodide penetrates only cells with compromised membranes and fluoresces red while also reducing SYTO 9 signal through competitive binding and fluorescence interactions. The resulting fluorescence pattern is interpreted as a proxy for membrane integrity, which is widely used as an indicator of bacterial viability in microscopy, flow cytometry, and spectroscopic platforms. However, mechanistic studies show that SYTO 9 and PI interactions involve displacement and fluorescence resonance energy transfer effects, which can influence signal interpretation depending on dye ratios a
Purity & Documentation
References
[1]. Hering J, et al. Exploring the Active Site of the Antibacterial Target MraY by Modified Tunicamycins. ACS Chem Biol. 2020;15(11):2885-2895. [Content Brief]
[2]. Zhang S, et al. Antimicrobial tunicamycin derivatives from the deep sea-derived Streptomyces xinghaiensis SCSIO S15077. Nat Prod Res. 2020 Jun;34(11):1499-1504. [Content Brief]
Calculators
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
Tunicamycin A1 Related Classifications
HY-N8310 Related Classifications
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