6-Acetamidohexanoic acid
Based on 1 Customer Validation
6-Acetamidohexanoic acid (Acexamic acid; 6-Acetamidocaproic acid) is a metabolite of Hexamethylene bisacetamide (HMBA) (HY-124284) with anti-pulmonary fibrosis activity. 6-Acetamidohexanoic acid does not induce differentiation of human promyelocytic leukemia cells, but is taken up by such cells. 6-Acetamidohexanoic acid serves as a carboxylic acid substrate component for constructing carboxylesterase-responsive near-infrared phototheranostic probes. 6-Acetamidohexanoic acid is applicable to research related to pulmonary fibrosis, refractory hypoxemia and cervical cancer.
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- Reinheit : 98.0%
- CAS. Nr.: 57-08-9
- Formel: C8H15NO3
- Molecular Weight:173.21
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Speicherung:Powder -20°C, 3 years , 4°C, 2 years ; In solvent -80°C, 2 years , -20°C, 1 year
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Biologische Aktivität
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Chemical Information
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Lösungsmittel & Löslichkeit
- Protokoll
- Reinheit & Dokumentation
- Verweise
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Help & FAQs
Biologische Aktivität
Beschreibung
In Vitro
6-Acetamidohexanoic acid can be covalently conjugated with the hemicyanine dye HCH via an ester bond to form the phototheranostic probe HCH-AcAH. When the probe enters tumor cells with overexpressed carboxylesterase (CES) (HeLa cells), CES specifically hydrolyzes the ester bond between Acexamic Acid and the dye. Cleavage of the ester bond releases the active dye molecule, which generates a strong near-infrared fluorescent signal for tumor imaging and simultaneously produces reactive oxygen species for photodynamic theranostics[2].
6-Acetamidohexanoic acid (0.5-5 mM) shows no activity in inducing the differentiation of human promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 cells even at concentrations up to 5 mM[3].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only. Further protocols information, click here.
Chemical Information
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CAS. Nr. 57-08-9
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Appearance Solid
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Molecular Weight 173.21
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Formel C8H15NO3
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Color White to off-white
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SMILES
O=C(O)CCCCCNC(C)=O
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Synonyms
Acexamic acid; 6-Acetamidocaproic acid
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Versand
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Speicherung
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 2 years -20°C 1 year
Lösungsmittel & Löslichkeit
In Vitro:
DMSO : 100 mg/mL (577.33 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.
Konzentration (Stammlösung) × Volumen (Stammlösung) = Konzentration (Ziellösung) × Volumen (Ziellösung)
In Vivo:
Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.
- For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
- To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
- The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline
Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (14.43 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)
Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (14.43 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:
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Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
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%DMSO +
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
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%+
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+%Tween-80 + +
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%Saline +
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL DMSO. Stock solution concentration: mg/mL.
1. Take μL DMSO stock solution;
2. Add μL .
μL , mix evenly;
3. Then add μL Tween 80, mix evenly;
4. Then add μL
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Protokoll
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Fibrosis/Collagen Morphometry
Fibrosis and collagen morphometry is based on the quantitative visualization of fibrillar collagen deposition in tissue sections using histochemical stains such as Sirius Red (Picrosirius Red) or Masson's trichrome, followed by image-based or polarization-enhanced analysis to estimate collagen proportional area as a surrogate of extracellular matrix accumulation during fibrotic remodeling. Sirius Red combined with polarized light microscopy enhances detection of collagen fibers due to birefringence properties, enabling more specific visualization of collagen type I and III fibrils compared to conventional bright-field histology, while whole-section or region-restricted digital morphometry reduces field-selection bias in fibrosis assessment. Alternative quantitative approaches include second harmonic generation (SHG) and two-photon excited fluorescence microscopy, which enable label-free detection of fibrillar collagen and have been validated against histological staining and biochemica
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Collagen: Sirius Red Staining
Sirius Red or picrosirius red staining is a histochemical method for visualizing collagen-rich extracellular matrix in tissue sections, and collagen fibers are detected as red-stained structures under bright-field microscopy with enhanced birefringence under polarized light. Picrosirius red is useful for assessing total collagen organization, distribution, and fibrosis burden, but polarized color should not be interpreted as a definitive collagen type I versus type III readout because color is affected by fiber orientation, thickness, and packing.
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Connective Tissue: Masson's Trichrome/Collagen Trichrome Staining
Masson’s Trichrome (collagen/trichrome staining) is a histological technique that differentially stains tissue compartments using sequential acidic dyes to distinguish collagen from muscle and cytoplasmic components based on dye affinity and tissue permeability differences, enabling visualization of fibrosis and connective tissue architecture in histological sections. The classical formulation typically uses Weigert's iron hematoxylin for nuclear staining, Biebrich scarlet-acid fuchsin for cytoplasm and muscle, and aniline blue (or light green variants) for collagen, producing a characteristic blue/green collagen signal contrasted against red cytoplasm and dark nuclei. The staining principle relies on selective displacement of smaller dye molecules by larger anionic dyes in collagen-rich regions under controlled acidified conditions, which enhances collagen-specific dye retention. This property makes the method widely used for fibrosis assessment in organs such as heart, liver, lung, a
Reinheit & Dokumentation
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Data Sheet (274 KB)
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SDS (396 KB)
- English - EN (396 KB)
- Français - FR (396 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (396 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (396 KB)
- Español - ES (396 KB)
- Swedish - SV (396 KB)
- Italian - IT (396 KB)
- Korean - KR (396 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (396 KB)
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Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
Verweise
[1].
Daoudal P, et al. Hypoxémies dites réfractaires: traitement par acide acéxamique [So-called refractory hypoxemia: treatment with acexamic acid]. Nouv Presse Med. 1979 Dec 3;8(47):3899. French. PMID: 95046.
[Content Brief]
[2]. Li L, et al. A carboxylesterase-activatable near-infrared phototheranostic probe for tumor fluorescence imaging and photodynamic therapy. RSC Adv. 2022;12(54):35477-35483. Published 2022 Dec 12. [Content Brief]
[3].
Harpalani AD, et al. Alkylamides as inducers of human leukemia cell differentiation: a quantitative structure-activity relationship study using comparative molecular field analysis. Cancer Res. 1993 Feb 15;53(4):766-71. PMID: 8428356.
[Content Brief]
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.
| Optional Solvent | Concentration Solvent Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 25 mg |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DMSO | 1 mM | 5.7733 mL | 28.8667 mL | 57.7334 mL | 144.3335 mL |
| 5 mM | 1.1547 mL | 5.7733 mL | 11.5467 mL | 28.8667 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.5773 mL | 2.8867 mL | 5.7733 mL | 14.4333 mL | |
| 15 mM | 0.3849 mL | 1.9244 mL | 3.8489 mL | 9.6222 mL | |
| 20 mM | 0.2887 mL | 1.4433 mL | 2.8867 mL | 7.2167 mL | |
| 25 mM | 0.2309 mL | 1.1547 mL | 2.3093 mL | 5.7733 mL | |
| 30 mM | 0.1924 mL | 0.9622 mL | 1.9244 mL | 4.8111 mL | |
| 40 mM | 0.1443 mL | 0.7217 mL | 1.4433 mL | 3.6083 mL | |
| 50 mM | 0.1155 mL | 0.5773 mL | 1.1547 mL | 2.8867 mL | |
| 60 mM | 0.0962 mL | 0.4811 mL | 0.9622 mL | 2.4056 mL | |
| 80 mM | 0.0722 mL | 0.3608 mL | 0.7217 mL | 1.8042 mL | |
| 100 mM | 0.0577 mL | 0.2887 mL | 0.5773 mL | 1.4433 mL |
6-Acetamidohexanoic acid Related Classifications
HY-B1259 Related Classifications
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Keywords
- 6-Acetamidohexanoic acid
- 57-08-9
- Acexamic acid
- 6-Acetamidocaproic acid
- Drug Metabolite
- Drug Intermediate
- hypernatremia
- near-infrared phototheranostic probe
- pulmonary fibrosis
- HL-60 human promyelocytic leukemia cells
- hexamethylene bisacetamide
- hypercalcemia
- carboxylesterase
- CoMFA model
- human promyelocytic leukemia cells
- cervical cancer
- Inhibitor
- inhibitor
- inhibit