2. Immunology/Inflammation
  3. CD38
  4. Kuromanin chloride

Kuromanin chloride  (Synonyms: Chrysontemin; Cyanidin 3-O-glucoside chloride)

Cat. No.: HY-N0640 Purity: 99.83%
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Kuromanin chloride (Chrysontemin) is derived from mulberry leaves and has the effect of increasing blood sugar concentration and maintaining lipid metabolism balance to reduce obesity. Kuromanin chloride can inhibit CD38 enzymatic activities.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

CAS No. : 7084-24-4

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10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO
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Customer Review

Based on 10 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Other Forms of Kuromanin chloride:

Kuromanin chloride Related Antibodies

Top Publications Citing Use of Products

    Kuromanin chloride purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Can J Physiol Pharmacol. 2021 Jun;99(6):589-598.  [Abstract]

    MPC5 cells were cultured in 96-well plates and treated with indicated concentration of glucose (normal glucose: NG, 5.6 mM; high glucose: HG, 25 mM) in the presence or absence of different concentrations of Kuromanin chloride (C3G) (25, 50, 100 μM) for 24 h. The survival rate of different groups was tested with an MTT assay.

    Kuromanin chloride purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Can J Physiol Pharmacol. 2021 Jun;99(6):589-598.  [Abstract]

    MPC5 cells were cultured in 24-well plates and treated with indicated concentrations of glucose (NG:5.6 mM; HG: 25 mM) in the presence or absence of 50 μM concentration of Kuromanin chloride (C3G) for 24 h. The cell apoptosis rate of different groups was tested by flow cytometry.

    Kuromanin chloride purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Can J Physiol Pharmacol. 2021 Jun;99(6):589-598.  [Abstract]

    Kuromanin chloride (C3G) promotes autophagy in mouse podocytes under high glucose condition. MPC5 cells were treated with normal glucose (NG, 5.6 mM) or high glucose (HG, 25 mM) in the presence or absence of 50 μM C3G for 24 h. Measurement of LC3 foci level by immunofluorescence staining assay in MPC5 cells.

    Kuromanin chloride purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Drug Des Devel Ther. 2020 Aug 19;14:3385-3391.  [Abstract]

    Kuromanin chloride (C3G) (100 mg/kg, i.g.) administration suppressed CSE expression and deactivated the AMPK/mTOR pathway.

    Kuromanin chloride purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Drug Des Devel Ther. 2020 Aug 19;14:3385-3391.  [Abstract]

    Kuromanin chloride (C3G) (100 mg/kg, i.g.) induced cytokine production TNF-α and IL-6 by ELISA.

    • Biological Activity

    • Purity & Documentation

    • References

    • Customer Review

    Description

    Kuromanin chloride (Chrysontemin) is derived from mulberry leaves and has the effect of increasing blood sugar concentration and maintaining lipid metabolism balance to reduce obesity. Kuromanin chloride can inhibit CD38 enzymatic activities[1][2][3].

    In Vitro

    Kuromanin chloride (5 μg/mL) reduces the expression of Ad36 E1A viral gene in 3T3L1 cells infected with 4 MOI of Ad36[1].
    Kuromanin chloride (100 μM, 24 h) protects cerebellar granule neurons from nitric oxide (NO)-induced apoptosis[2].
    Kuromanin chloride (30 and 100 μM, 30 min) inhibits enzymatic activities of CD38, and blocks chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) chemotaxis in CD38+ CLL cells (a fluorimetric assay based on cGDPR generation from NGD)[3].

    MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

    Kuromanin chloride Related Antibodies
    Molecular Weight

    484.84

    Formula

    C21H21ClO11
    CAS No.
    Appearance

    Solid

    Color

    Brown to dark brown

    SMILES

    O[C@H]([C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O)[C@@H](O[C@@H]1CO)OC(C(C2=CC(O)=C(O)C=C2)=[O+]C3=CC(O)=C4)=CC3=C4O.[Cl-]
    Structure Classification
    Initial Source
    Shipping

    Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
    Storage

    4°C, sealed storage, away from moisture

    *In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)

    Solvent & Solubility
    In Vitro: 

    DMSO : 25 mg/mL (51.56 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

    Preparing
    Stock Solutions
    Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
    1 mM 2.0625 mL 10.3127 mL 20.6254 mL
    5 mM 0.4125 mL 2.0625 mL 4.1251 mL
    View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

    * Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
    Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

    • Molarity Calculator

    • Dilution Calculator

    Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

    Mass
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    Concentration
    ×
    Volume
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    Molecular Weight *

    Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

    This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

    Concentration (start)

    C1

    ×
    Volume (start)

    V1

    =
    Concentration (final)

    C2

    ×
    Volume (final)

    V2

    In Vivo:

    Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

    For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
    To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
    The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

    • Protocol 1

      Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    40% PEG300    5% Tween-80    45% Saline

      Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (4.29 mM); Clear solution

      This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

      Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

      Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
    • Protocol 2

      Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

      Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (4.29 mM); Clear solution

      This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

      Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

      Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
    In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
    Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

    Dosage

    mg/kg

    Animal weight
    (per animal)

    g

    Dosing volume
    (per animal)

    μL

    Number of animals

    Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
    Please enter your animal formula composition:
    %
    DMSO +
    % 
    +
    %
    Tween-80 +
    %
    Saline
    Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
    The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
    Calculation results:
    Working solution concentration: mg/mL
    Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL  DMSO (Stock solution concentration: mg/mL).

    *In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)

    The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only. If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
    Method for preparing in vivo working solution for animal experiments: Take μL DMSO stock solution, add μL . μL , mix evenly, next add μL Tween 80, mix evenly, then add μL Saline.
     If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
    Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
    Purity & Documentation

    Purity: 99.83%

    SDS (393 KB)

    COA (257 KB) HNMR (270 KB) RP-HPLC (257 KB) MS (69 KB)

    Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
    References

    Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

    * Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
    Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

    Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
    DMSO 1 mM 2.0625 mL 10.3127 mL 20.6254 mL 51.5634 mL
    5 mM 0.4125 mL 2.0625 mL 4.1251 mL 10.3127 mL
    10 mM 0.2063 mL 1.0313 mL 2.0625 mL 5.1563 mL
    15 mM 0.1375 mL 0.6875 mL 1.3750 mL 3.4376 mL
    20 mM 0.1031 mL 0.5156 mL 1.0313 mL 2.5782 mL
    25 mM 0.0825 mL 0.4125 mL 0.8250 mL 2.0625 mL
    30 mM 0.0688 mL 0.3438 mL 0.6875 mL 1.7188 mL
    40 mM 0.0516 mL 0.2578 mL 0.5156 mL 1.2891 mL
    50 mM 0.0413 mL 0.2063 mL 0.4125 mL 1.0313 mL
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    Kuromanin chloride Related Classifications

    Help & FAQs
    • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

      Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

    Keywords:

    Kuromanin7084-24-4ChrysonteminCyanidin 3-O-glucosideCD38neurodegenerativeInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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