GSK-3
Glycogen synthase kinase-3; Glycogen synthase kinase 3
Glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK-3) is a multifunctional serine/threonine kinase consisting of two isoforms, alpha and beta. It is a highly conserved negative regulator of receptor tyrosine kinase, cytokine, and Wnt signaling pathways. Stimulation of these pathways inhibits GSK-3 to modulate diverse downstream effectors that include transcription factors, nutrient sensors, glycogen synthesis, mitochondrial function, circadian rhythm, and cell fate. GSK-3 also regulates alternative splicing in response to T-cell receptor activation, and recent phosphoproteomic studies have revealed that multiple splicing factors and regulators of RNA biosynthesis are phosphorylated in a GSK-3-dependent manner.
The malfunction or aberrant activity of GSK-3 leads to several of disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other neurodegenerative pathologies, and other type of diseases as diabetes, cardiovascular disorders and cancer. GSK-3 is also related to innate immune response against pathogens, which makes GSK-3 an excellent target for therapeutic intervention.
GSK-3 Isoform Specific Products
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GSK-3 Inhibitors
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GSK-3 Agonist
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GSK-3 Ligand
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Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3 (GSK-3) Proteins
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GSK-3 alpha Proteins
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GSK-3 Related Products (361)
Related Products (361)
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Recombinant Proteins (6)
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Antibodies (9)
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GSK-3 Signaling Pathway
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GSK-3 Isoform Comparison
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Isoandrographolide
0 ImagesIsoandrographolide is an orally active NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor and AKT/GSK-3β/β-catenin pathway inhibitor. Isoandrographolide inhibits the expression of NLRP3, ASC, and caspase-1, and reduces the levels of phosphorylated AKT, phosphorylated GSK-3β, and β-catenin. Isoandrographolide alleviates inflammatory responses, reduces collagen deposition, suppresses epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), induces differentiation of leukemia cells, inhibits the growth of leukemia cells, protects lung and kidney tissues, regulates cytokine levels, and also exhibits hepatoprotective effects. Isoandrographolide can be used in studies related to silicosis, murine myeloid leukemia, renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. -
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Bisindolylmaleimide I (Standard)
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-13867RCAS No.: 133052-90-1Synonyms: GF109203X (Standard); Go 6850 (Standard)Bisindolylmaleimide I (Standard) is the analytical standard of Bisindolylmaleimide I. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Bisindolylmaleimide I (GF109203X) is a cell-permeable and reversible PKC inhibitor (IC50 of 20 nM, 17 nM, 16 nM, and 20 nM for PKCα, PKCβI, PKCβII, and PKCγ. Bisindolylmaleimide I is also a GSK-3 inhibitor. -
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Bisphenol F-13C6
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-W014901SCAS No.: 1410794-06-7Synonyms: BPF-13C6; 4,4'-Dihydroxydiphenylmethane-13C6Bisphenol F-13C6 is the 13C labeled Bisphenol F (HY-W014901). Bisphenol F is an orally active endocrine disruptor. Bisphenol F promotes ROS generation, upregulates p-AKT/p-GSK3β, and induces Apoptosis. Bisphenol F interferes with glucose metabolism, affects neurodevelopment and reproductive function. Bisphenol F reduces social novelty preference in mouse offspring. Bisphenol F can be used in bone, blood, and fat-related studies. Bisphenol F is used as a substitute for Bisphenol A (HY-18260). -
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(R)-(+)-O-Demethylbuchenavianine
0 Images(R)-(+)-O-Demethylbuchenavianine is an inhibitor for Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK). (R)-(+)-O-Demethylbuchenavianine inhibits CDK1, CDK5, glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK3), cdc2-like kinase (CLK1) and dual specificity tyrosine-phosphorylation-regulated kinase 1A (DYRK1A), with IC50s of 1.1, 0.95, >10, >10 and >10 μM, respectively. -
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Cromolyn-d5
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-B1619SCAS No.: 2140317-08-2Synonyms: Cromoglycate-d5; Cromoglicic acid-d5; FPL-670-d5 free acidCromolyn-d5 (Cromoglycate-d5) is the deuterium labeled Cromolyn (HY-B1619). Cromolyn (Cromoglycate) is an orally active GSK-3β inhibitor with an IC50 of 2.0 μM. Cromolyn is also a mast cell stabilizer that can inhibit the release of mediators from mast cells, regulate reflex bronchoconstriction, and reduce non-specific bronchial hyperreactivity, and Cromolyn can be used in the research of bronchial asthma. In addition, Cromolyn has multiple activities such as anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, anti-histamine, anti-cancer, and neuroprotective effects. -
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Laduviglusib dihydrochloride
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-10182CCAS No.: 2109414-84-6Synonyms: CHIR-99021 dihydrochloride; CT99021 dihydrochlorideLaduviglusib dihydrochloride (CHIR-99021 dihydrochloride; CT99021 dihydrochloride) is a potent, selective and orally active GSK-3α/β inhibitor with IC50s of 10 nM and 6.7 nM. Laduviglusib dihydrochloride shows >500-fold selectivity for GSK-3 over CDC2, ERK2 and other protein kinases. Laduviglusib dihydrochloride is also a potent Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway activator. Laduviglusib dihydrochloride enhances mouse and human embryonic stem cells self-renewal. Laduviglusib dihydrochloride induces autophagy. -
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Ceftriaxone-13C2,d3 triethylammonium salt
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-B0712S1Synonyms: Ro 13-9904-13C2,d32 triethylammonium saltCeftriaxone-13C2,d3 triethylammonium salt is 13C and deuterated labeled Ceftriaxone (HY-B0712). Ceftriaxone (Ro 13-9904 free acid) is a broad spectrum β-lactam third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic, which has good antibacterial activity against a variety of gram-negative and positive bacteria. Ceftriaxone is a covalent inhibitor of GSK3β with IC50 value of 0.78 mM. Ceftriaxone is an inhibitor of Aurora B. Ceftriaxone has anti-inflammatory, antitumor and antioxidant activities. Ceftriaxone can be used in the study of bacterial infections and meningitis. -
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VP3.15
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-128879CAS No.: 1281681-54-6VP3.15 is a potent, orally bioavailable and CNS-penetrant dual phosphodiesterase (PDE)7- glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)3 inhibitor, with IC50s of 1.59 μM and 0.88 μM for PDE7 and GSK-3, respectively. VP3.15 has neuroprotective and neuroreparative activities, thus as potential combined anti-inflammatory and pro-remyelinating therapies for multiple sclerosis (MS). -
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MK-2206 free base
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-10357CAS No.: 1032349-93-1MK-2206 free base is an orally active pan-AKT inhibitor, with IC50 values of 8 nM, 12 nM and 65 nM against AKT1, AKT2 and AKT3, respectively. MK-2206 free base inhibits the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway and reduces the levels of downstream GSK3β and Mcl-1 via proteasomal degradation. MK-2206 free base induces G1-phase cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, fibroblast activation and extracellular matrix deposition. MK-2206 free base causes transient hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia in animals. MK-2206 free base can be used in research related to solid tumors, renal fibrosis and hypercholesterolemia. -
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GSK3β-IN-1
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-169632CAS No.: 757198-76-8GSK3β-IN-1 (compound 1) is a glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) inhibitor (IC50=65 nM), which can be used in the study of Alzheimer's disease. -
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hAChE-IN-6
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-155366CAS No.: 3007667-17-3hAChE-IN-6 (compound 51) is a brain penetrant AChE inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.16 μM. hAChE-IN-6 also inhibits hBuChE and GSK3β with IC50 values of 0.69 μM and 0.26 μM, respectively. hAChE-IN-6 inhibits tau protein and Aβ1-42 self-aggregation, and can be used for Alzheimer's disease (AD) research. -
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LY2090314 (GMP)
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-16294GCAS No.: 603288-22-8LY2090314 (GMP) is LY2090314 (HY-16294) produced by using GMP guidelines. GMP small molecules works appropriately as an auxiliary reagent for cell therapy manufacture. LY2090314 is a potent inhibitor of glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) with IC50 values of 1.5 nM and 0.9 nM for GSK-3α and GSK-3β, respectively. -
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Lignarenone B
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-116125CAS No.: 125010-17-5Lignarenone B is a phenyl conjugated trienone. Lignarenone B can be isolated from the Mediterranean bullomorph Scaphander lignarius. Lignarenone B can inhibit the activity of GSK3β. Lignarenone B can be used in the research of Alzheimer's disease. -
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Nordentatin
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-N16746CAS No.: 1083193-15-0Nordentatin is a selective inhibitor targeting GSK-3 with anticancer activity. Nordentatin can inhibit the phosphorylation of GSK-3, downregulate the anti-apoptotic protein Mcl-1 and activate caspase-3 to induce apoptosis (apoptosis). Nordentatin also inhibits the expression of migration-related protein MMP-9 and exerts anti-proliferation and anti-migration activities. Nordentatin is used in research into cancers such as neuroblastoma. -
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Acenocoumarol-d4
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-B1014S1CAS No.: 2937878-24-3Acenocoumarol-d4 is deuterium labeled Acenocoumarol (HY-B1014). Acenocoumarol is an anticoagulant that functions as a Vitamin K antagonist. Acenocoumarol inhibits MAPK/ERK/JNK signaling pathway, reduces the nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65, activates Akt/GSK3β signaling pathway. Acenocoumarol induces apoptosis in cell A549, arrests cell cycle at S phase. -
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- ROCK-IN-5
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ChE/GSK-3β-IN-1
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-179496ChE/GSK-3β-IN-1 (compound 18o) is a potent dual ChE/GSK-3β inhibitor. ChE/GSK-3β-IN-1 exhibits dual inhibition of AChE (IC50 = 1.7 μM), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) (IC50 = 5.3 μM), and GSK-3β (IC50 = 5.7 μM). ChE/GSK-3β-IN-1 inhibits Aβ1-42 self-aggregation. ChE/GSK-3β-IN-1 can be used for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) research. -
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SF-9-2
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-175236CAS No.: 3053768-78-5SF-9-2 is a PD-L1/PD-1 binding inhibitor (IC50 = 24.9 nM). SF-9-2 inhibits epithelial-mesenchymal transition, migration, invasion, and proliferation of SK-N-SH cells, and also induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. SF-9-2 blocks PD-L1-induced SK-N-SH cell growth through the MAPK signaling pathway. SF-9-2 restores GSK-3β activity and enhances PD-L1 degradation through the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. SF-9-2 inhibits tumor growth in the SK-N-SH NOG mouse model without significant toxicity. SF-9-2 also acts as an immune checkpoint inhibitor, blocking PD-L1 to restore T cell function. SF-9-2 can be used in neuroblastoma research. -
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Glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK-3) is a multifunctional serine/threonine kinase found in all eukaryotes. GSK-3 is one of the few signaling mediators that play central roles in a diverse range of signaling pathways, including those activated by Wnt, PI3K, growth factors, cytokines, and ligands for G protein-coupled receptors. The PI3K pathway is known for regulating metabolism, cell growth, and cell survival. The PI3K activity is stimulated by diverse oncogenes and growth factor receptors. PI3K-mediated production of PIP3 leads to the activation of Akt. The activation of Akt leads to the phosphorylation of GSK-3, which is active in resting cells, but is inactivated by the phosphorylation. The GSK-3 has been linked to the regulation of an assembly of transcription factors, including β-catenin, NF-κB, c-Jun, CREB, and STAT. Thus, the altered activity of GSK-3 causes various effects on cytokine expression.
In the absence of Wnt signaling, β-catenin is phosphorylated by CK1 and GSK-3. This phosphorylation leads to recognition by β-TrCP, leading to the ubiquitylation of β-catenin and degradation by the proteasome. Upon binding of a lipid-modified Wnt protein to the receptor complex, a signaling cascade is initiated. LRP is phosphorylated by CK1/CK2 and GSK-3, and Axin is recruited to the plasma membrane. The kinases in the β-catenin destruction complex are inactivated and β-catenin translocates to the nucleus to form an active transcription factor complex with TCF, leading to transcription of a large set of target genes.
Some endogenous growth factors could bind to and activate the tyrosine kinase receptor. This facilitates the recruitment of other proteins (SHC, SOS), which results in the activation of the ERK-MAPK cascade and the inhibition of GSK-3. GSK-3 exerts many cellular effects: it regulates cytoskeletal proteins, and is important in determining cell survival/cell death. GSK-3 has also been identified as a target for the actions of lithium. GSK-3 can inhibit glycogen synthase, the enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of glucose from UDPG to glycogen[1][2].
Reference:
[1]. Brenner D, et al. Regulation of tumour necrosis factor signalling: live or let die.Nat Rev Immunol. 2015 Jun;15(6):362-74.
[2]. Conrad M, et al. Regulated necrosis: disease relevance and therapeutic opportunities.Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2016 May;15(5):348-66.
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