Purpurogallin
Based on 4 publication(s) in Google Scholar
Purpurogallin is a naturally phenol extracted from the plants of Quercus spp, has potent xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitory activity with an IC50 of 0.2 μM. Purpurogallin has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.
Nur für Forschungszwecke. Wir verkaufen nicht an Patienten.
- Reinheit : 98.06%
- CAS. Nr.: 569-77-7
- Formel: C11H8O5
- Molecular Weight:220.18
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Speicherung:Powder -20°C, 3 years , 4°C, 2 years ; In solvent -80°C, 6 months , -20°C, 1 month
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Biologische Aktivität
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Chemical Information
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Lösungsmittel & Löslichkeit
- Protokoll
- Reinheit & Dokumentation
- Verweise
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Help & FAQs
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HY-N8600
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Purpurogallin (Standard)Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitor -
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AllopurinolXanthine Oxidase Inhibitor -
HY-17511
Potassium oxonateUricase Inhibitor -
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Febuxostat (Standard)XO Inhibitor -
HY-W008550
8-AzaadenineXanthine Oxidase Inhibitor -
HY-139585
TigulixostatXanthine Oxidase Inhibitor -
HY-N1547
PrudomestinXanthine Oxidase Inhibitor -
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TopiroxostatXOR Inhibitor -
HY-B0219R
Allopurinol (Standard)Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitor -
HY-14268S
Febuxostat-d9Deuterated Febuxostat
Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Purpurogallin
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Customer Validation & Images
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Cell Proliferation/Viability Assay
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Cell Imaging/Staining
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RT-PCR
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ELISA
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WB
Biologische Aktivität
Beschreibung
IC50 & Target
IC50: 0.2 μM (xanthine oxidase)[3]
Cellular Effect
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Cell Line
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Type | Value | Description | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HeLa | IC50 |
6.5 μM
Compound: Purpurogallin
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Inhibitory concentration in HeLa cells
Inhibitory concentration in HeLa cells
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[PMID: 13678404] |
In Vitro
Purpurogallin (50 or 100 μM; 7 or 25 hours; BV2 murine microglial cells) treatment attenuates the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) by suppressing their mRNA and protein expression in LPS-stimulated BV2 microglial cells[1].
Purpurogallin (100 μM; 75-120 minutes; BV2 murine microglial cells) exhibits anti-inflammatory properties by suppressing the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways in LPS-stimulated BV2 microglial cells[1].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only. Further protocols information, click here.
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Cell Line:BV2 murine microglial cells
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Concentration:50 or 100 µM
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Incubation Time:7 or 25 hours
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Result:Attenuated the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) by suppressing their mRNA and protein expression.
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Cell Line:BV2 murine microglial cells
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Concentration:100 µM
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Incubation Time:75 minutes, 90 minutes, 120 minutes
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Result:Suppressed the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways.
In Vivo
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
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Animal Model:Fifty-four male Sprague-Dawley rats (250-350 g) with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH)[2]
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Dosage:100 μg/kg, 200 μg/kg, 400 μg/kg
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Administration:Intraperitoneal injection; for 48 or 72 hours
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Result:Dose-dependently reduced HMGB1 protein expression. High dose reduced TNF-α and HMGB1 mRNA levels.
Chemical Information
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CAS. Nr. 569-77-7
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Appearance Solid
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Molecular Weight 220.18
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Formel C11H8O5
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Color Light brown to brown
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SMILES
O=C1C(O)=CC=CC2=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C21
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Structure Classification
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Versand
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Speicherung
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month
Publications (4)
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Journal Impact Factor
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Most Recent
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Exp Mol Med
Comprehensive profiling of RNA modification-related genes identifies RNA m7G binding protein CBP20 as a therapeutic target for tumor growth inhibition. [Abstract]2025 Sep;57(9):1978-1995. PMID: 40887503
Purpurogallin purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Exp Mol Med. 2025 Sep;57(9):1978-1995. [Abstract]
The effect of Raloxifene, Purpurogallin or Enoxacin on cancer cell viability. Cytotoxicity for each drug measured by WST after exposing the cells to the drug for 72 h in HCT116 and A549 cells. The IC50 values were calculated using CompuSyn.
Purpurogallin purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Exp Mol Med. 2025 Sep;57(9):1978-1995. [Abstract]
The colony formation of HCT116 and A549 cells treating with indicated concentrations of Raloxifene, Purpurogallin or Enoxacin for 14 days.
Purpurogallin purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Exp Mol Med. 2025 Sep;57(9):1978-1995. [Abstract]
The effect of Raloxifene, Purpurogallin or Enoxacin on CBP20 mRNA expression. qRT–PCR was performed for CBP20 mRNA in HCT116 and A549 cells after treating Raloxifene (HCT116, 15 μM; A549, 20 μM), Purpurogallin (HCT116, 25 μM; A549, 60 μM) or Enoxacin (HCT116, 80 μM; A549, 150 μM) for indicated time points.
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Int Immunopharmacol
Purpurogallin improves neurological functions of cerebral ischemia and reperfusion mice by inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress and neuroinflammation. [Abstract]2022 Oct:111:109057. PMID: 35964408
Purpurogallin purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Int Immunopharmacol. 2022 Oct:111:109057. [Abstract]
The levels of inflammatory cytokines (including IL-1β, IL-6 and TNFα) in Purpurogallin (PPG)-treated OGD/R-induced BV2 cells were determined by ELISA.
Purpurogallin purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Int Immunopharmacol. 2022 Oct:111:109057. [Abstract]
WB measured the contents of apoptosis-related proteins (Bax, Bid, Bim, MCL1) in OGD/R-induced BV2 cells treated with Purpurogallin (PPG) (25–100 μM).
Purpurogallin purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Int Immunopharmacol. 2022 Oct:111:109057. [Abstract]
On the 5th day after MCAO/R, Nissl staining was used to detect the apoptotic neurons treated with (PPG) (50, 100, 150 mg/kg, i.p.)
Purpurogallin purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Int Immunopharmacol. 2022 Oct:111:109057. [Abstract]
IHC was applied to verify IBA1-positive cell expression in the ischemic cortex of the mouse following Purpurogallin (PPG) (50, 100, 150 mg/kg, i.p.) action in MCAO/R mice.
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Langmuir
Fabrication of Porous Proteinaceous Microspheres via One-Step Pickering Double Emulsions: Controllable Structure and Interfacial Cascade Biocatalysis. [Abstract]2025 Mar 25;41(11):7302-7311. PMID: 40094198 -
Biochem Biophys Res Commun
Purpurogallin improves septic coagulopathy and hepatic injury through inhibiting AKT/mTOR/STAT3 signaling pathway. [Abstract]2026 May 21:814:153669. PMID: 41887076
Lösungsmittel & Löslichkeit
In Vitro:
DMSO : 100 mg/mL (454.17 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
Konzentration (Stammlösung) × Volumen (Stammlösung) = Konzentration (Ziellösung) × Volumen (Ziellösung)
In Vivo:
Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.
- For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
- To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
- The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline
Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (9.45 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)
Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (9.45 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:
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Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
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%DMSO +
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
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%+
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+%Tween-80 + +
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%Saline +
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL DMSO. Stock solution concentration: mg/mL.
1. Take μL DMSO stock solution;
2. Add μL .
μL , mix evenly;
3. Then add μL Tween 80, mix evenly;
4. Then add μL
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Protokoll
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Cell Cytotoxicity Assay
Cytotoxicity assays are usually based on the assessment of cell membrane damage, which can also be indirectly detected by measuring cell viability. Detection methods include MTT assay, CKK-8 assay, LDH assay and ATP assay, etc.
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Research Protocol for Inflammation-related Diseases
The NLRP3 inflammasome is a cytosolic innate immune signaling platform that integrates priming signals and danger-signal activation to promote caspase-1 activation, maturation of IL-1β and IL-18, and gasdermin D-mediated pyroptotic cell death. The core experimental logic is to determine whether inflammatory disease phenotypes are driven by increased NLRP3 expression, ASC-containing inflammasome assembly, caspase-1 cleavage, GSDMD cleavage, and extracellular release of IL-1β/IL-18 rather than by nonspecific cell injury alone. The pathway is strongly linked to inflammation-related disease phenotypes because monosodium urate crystals activate NALP3/NLRP3 inflammasome signaling in gout-like crystal inflammation, cholesterol crystals activate NLRP3 inflammasomes in atherogenesis models, and DSS-induced intestinal inflammation has been reported to involve NLRP3 inflammasome activity. However, experimental colitis studies also show context-dependent protective effects of NLRP3 inflammasome co
Reinheit & Dokumentation
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Data Sheet (283 KB)
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SDS (396 KB)
- English - EN (396 KB)
- Français - FR (396 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (396 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (396 KB)
- Español - ES (396 KB)
- Swedish - SV (396 KB)
- Italian - IT (396 KB)
- Korean - KR (396 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (396 KB)
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Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
Verweise
[1]. Park HY, et al. Purpurogallin exerts anti‑inflammatory effects in lipopolysaccharide‑stimulated BV2 microglial cells through the inactivation of the NF‑κB and MAPK signaling pathways. Int J Mol Med. 2013 Nov;32(5):1171-8. [Content Brief]
[2]. Chang CZ, et al. Purpurogallin, a natural phenol, attenuates high-mobility group box 1 in subarachnoid hemorrhage induced vasospasm in a rat model. Int J Vasc Med. 2014;2014:254270. [Content Brief]
[3]. Honda S, et al. Conversion to purpurogallin, a key step in the mechanism of the potent xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity of pyrogallol. Free Radic Biol Med. 2017 May;106:228-235. [Content Brief]
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
| Optional Solvent | Concentration Solvent Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 25 mg |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DMSO | 1 mM | 4.5417 mL | 22.7087 mL | 45.4174 mL | 113.5435 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.9083 mL | 4.5417 mL | 9.0835 mL | 22.7087 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.4542 mL | 2.2709 mL | 4.5417 mL | 11.3543 mL | |
| 15 mM | 0.3028 mL | 1.5139 mL | 3.0278 mL | 7.5696 mL | |
| 20 mM | 0.2271 mL | 1.1354 mL | 2.2709 mL | 5.6772 mL | |
| 25 mM | 0.1817 mL | 0.9083 mL | 1.8167 mL | 4.5417 mL | |
| 30 mM | 0.1514 mL | 0.7570 mL | 1.5139 mL | 3.7848 mL | |
| 40 mM | 0.1135 mL | 0.5677 mL | 1.1354 mL | 2.8386 mL | |
| 50 mM | 0.0908 mL | 0.4542 mL | 0.9083 mL | 2.2709 mL | |
| 60 mM | 0.0757 mL | 0.3785 mL | 0.7570 mL | 1.8924 mL | |
| 80 mM | 0.0568 mL | 0.2839 mL | 0.5677 mL | 1.4193 mL | |
| 100 mM | 0.0454 mL | 0.2271 mL | 0.4542 mL | 1.1354 mL |
Purpurogallin Related Classifications
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