Lactones

DL-Mevalonolactone ((±)-Mevalonolactone;Mevalolactone) is the δ-lactone form of mevalonic acid, a precursor in the mevalonate pathway. DL-Mevalonolactone is orally active against HMGCR mutation and statin caused myopathy. DL-Mevalonolactone induces inflammation and oxidative stress response with decreased mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and induces mitochondrial swelling^[2][4].

5-Methyldihydrofuran-2(3H)-one is a biochemical reagent that can be used as a biological material or organic compound for life science related research.

Gamma-undecalactone consists of a five-membered dihydrofuran ring with an ester group and a heptyl chain. This compound has a fruity smell and is commonly used as a flavor additive in various food and beverage products such as coffee, tea and baked goods.

γ-Hexalactone (γ-Caprolactone) is a gamma-lactone found in ripe fruits. γ-Hexalactone induces DNA damage in human lymphocytes and HepG2 cells, modulates cytokine secretion in human lymphocytes, and reduces recombinant PON1 activity. γ-Hexalactone serves as a dose-dependent oviposition inhibitor against Bactrocera oleae. γ-Hexalactone can be used for the research of Bactrocera oleae pest management.

Lipstatin is a pancreatic lipase inhibitor (IC₅₀=0.14 μM), whose structure is closely related to the known inhibitor, Esterastin. Lipstatin inhibits the absorption of triglycerides without affecting the absorption of oleic acid. Lipstatin has no inhibitory effects on other pancreatic enzymes, such as phospholipase A2 and trypsin (<200 μM).

δ-Decalactone is a lactone compound found in nonfat dry milks and fruit. δ-Decalactone has a sweet taste.

γ-Dodecanolactone is a γ-lactone compound. γ-Dodecanolactone exhibits inhibitory activity against CYP1A2 with an IC₅₀ value of 58 µM and a pIC₅₀ value of 4.24. γ-Dodecanolactone can be used in the research of diseases related to the CYP1A2 enzyme.

Gamma-heptalactone (γ-Oenantholacton) is a selective cytochrome P450 2B6 (CYP2B6) inhibitor with an IC₅₀ of 2400 μM.

γ-Octalactone is an aromatic lactone compound. γ-Octalactone has a strong fruity (similar to coconut) aroma and a sweet taste, and is commonly used in food, cosmetics and fragrances. γ-Octalactone is highly safe.

Sch725674 is a macrolide compound with antimicrobial activity against brewer's yeast and Candida albicans, with MICs of 8 and 32 μg/ml.

δ-Dodecalactone can be obtained from L. plantarum AF1. δ-Dodecalactone exhibits potent antifungal activity against molds Aspergillus flavus, A. fumigatus, A. petrakii, A. ochraceus, A. nidulans, and Penicillium roqueforti. δ-Dodecalactone is a flavoring compound.

δ-Tetradecalactone (δ-Myristolactone; Delta-Tetradecalactone) is a flavoring agent. δ-Tetradecalactone can be used in the production of biodegradable materials.

Nemotin has the activity against Gram-positive bacteria, mycobacterium and fungus, and also against Gram-negative bacteria, but the activity is weak.

16-Hexadecanolide is a lactone that is commonly used in ring-opening polymerization reactions and can be catalyzed by enzymes to form polymers at a relatively high polymerization rate.