Corticosterone
Based on 65 publication(s) in Google Scholar
Corticosterone (17-Deoxycortisol) is an orally active and adrenal cortex-produced glucocorticoid, which plays an important role in regulating neuronal functions of the limbic system (including hippocampus, prefrontal cortex, and amygdala). Corticosterone increases the Rab-mediated AMPAR membrane traffic via SGK-induced phosphorylation of GDI. Corticosterone also interferes with the maturation of dendritic cells and shows a good immunosuppressive effect.
For research use only. We do not sell to patients.
- Purity: 99.77%
- CAS No.: 50-22-6
- Formula: C21H30O4
- Molecular Weight:346.47
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Storage:Powder -20°C, 3 years , 4°C, 2 years ; In solvent -80°C, 1 year , -20°C, 6 months
Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Corticosterone
More- Nature. 2026 Apr;652(8112):1308-1317. [Abstract]
- Nature. 2026 Mar;651(8104):E5. [Abstract]
- Cell. 2026 Apr 2;189(7):2007-2023.e20. [Abstract]
- Cell. 2025 Jan 9;188(1):157-174.e22. [Abstract]
- Cell. 2023 Dec 7;186(25):5500-5516.e21. [Abstract]
- Cell Metab. 2026 Jan 27:S1550-4131(25)00586-8. [Abstract]
- Cell Metab. 2025 Sep 23:S1550-4131(25)00383-3. [Abstract]
- Cell Metab. 2024 Nov 5;36(11):2402-2418.e10. [Abstract]
- Nat Neurosci. 2022 Jan;25(1):39-49. [Abstract]
- Nat Commun. 2026 Feb 26;17(1):3237. [Abstract]
- Nat Commun. 2024 Oct 8;15(1):8708. [Abstract]
- Adv Sci (Weinh). 2025 Aug 23:e03409. [Abstract]
- Nat Chem Biol. 2022 Nov;18(11):1196-1203. [Abstract]
- J Adv Res. 2026 Jan 26:S2090-1232(26)00091-3. [Abstract]
- Sci Adv. 2025 Jul 11;11(28):eadv5986. [Abstract]
- Cell Discov. 2025 May 13;11(1):46. [Abstract]
- Cell Discov. 2023 Aug 29;9(1):90. [Abstract]
- Sci Adv. 2022 Nov 11;8(45):eadd7063. [Abstract]
- Redox Biol. 2025 Aug 20:86:103836. [Abstract]
- Redox Biol. 2024 Nov:77:103391. [Abstract]
- Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2022 Apr 12;119(15):e2117004119. [Abstract]
- Phytomedicine. 2026 Jun:155:158113. [Abstract]
- Phytomedicine. 2026 Jan 21:153:157866. [Abstract]
- Free Radic Biol Med. 2026 Mar 16:246:316-333. [Abstract]
- Biomed Pharmacother. 2024 Jan:170:115994. [Abstract]
- Biomed Pharmacother. 2024 Jan:170:116012. [Abstract]
- Anal Chem. 2026 Jun 16;98(23):16962-16970. [Abstract]
- Int J Nanomedicine. 2025 Nov 24:20:14033-14055. [Abstract]
- Neurosci Bull. 2025 Aug 6. [Abstract]
- Cell Prolif. 2025 May 15:e70057. [Abstract]
- Biochem Pharmacol. 2021 Oct:192:114740. [Abstract]
- J Ethnopharmacol. 2025 Jan 3:119274. [Abstract]
- J Ethnopharmacol. 2024 Apr 24:324:117829. [Abstract]
- J Ethnopharmacol. 2024 Jan 10;318(Pt B):117016. [Abstract]
- Cells. 2025 Mar 8;14(6):397. [Abstract]
- Cells. 2022 Nov 28;11(23):3808. [Abstract]
- Life Sci. 2023 Nov 15:333:122172. [Abstract]
- Inflammation. 2025 Jun;48(3):987-1002. [Abstract]
- Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Nov 7;25(22):11971. [Abstract]
- Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Aug 30;24(17):13494. [Abstract]
- Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Oct 18;23(20):12454. [Abstract]
- Int Immunopharmacol. 2023 Sep 7;124(Pt A):110899. [Abstract]
- Neuropharmacology. 2026 Feb 1:283:110757. [Abstract]
- Mol Neurobiol. 2025 Nov 21;63(1):125. [Abstract]
- Mol Neurobiol. 2022 May;59(5):2855-2873. [Abstract]
- iScience. 2023 Jun 17;26(7):107137. [Abstract]
- ACS Chem Neurosci. 2023 Feb 15;14(4):667-676. [Abstract]
- J Neural Eng. 2023 Jun 22;20(3). [Abstract]
- Front Med. 2022 Apr;16(2):227-239. [Abstract]
- Phytochemistry. 2025 Apr 28:114527. [Abstract]
- Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2025 May 4:500:117371. [Abstract]
- J Pharmacol Sci. 2025 Dec;159(4):209-218. [Abstract]
- Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2020 Oct;32(10):1514-1528. [Abstract]
- Brain Sci. 2024 Oct 30;14(11):1098. [Abstract]
- Neuroscience. 2024 Dec 17:563:63-73. [Abstract]
- Brain Sci. 2023 Oct 18;13(10):1472. [Abstract]
- Animals. 2019 Nov 29;9(12):1047. [Abstract]
- Rev Bras Farmacogn. 2025 Oct 16.
- Food Safety and Health. 2026 Jan 7.
- Res Sq. 2025 Oct 21.
- Res Sq. 2024 Aug 06.
- Research Square Preprint. 2024 Jan 19.
- bioRxiv. 2023 Dec 26.
- SSRN. 21 Nov 2022.
- Research Square Preprint. 2020 Jun.
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In Vivo Efficacy Study
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In Vivo Efficacy Study
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In Vivo Efficacy Study
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WB
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In Vivo Efficacy Study
All Endogenous Metabolite Isoforms
MoreAll iGluR Isoforms
More
Biological Activity
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AMPA Receptor |
Human Endogenous Metabolite |
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Cell Line
|
Type | Value | Description | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HEK293 | IC50 |
0.29 μM
Compound: Corticosterone
|
TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of MPP+ uptake (MPP+: 0.25 uM) in OCT3-expressing HEK293 cells
TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of MPP+ uptake (MPP+: 0.25 uM) in OCT3-expressing HEK293 cells
|
[PMID: 12110607] |
| HEK293 | IC50 |
21.7 μM
Compound: Corticosterone
|
TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of MPP+ uptake (MPP+: 0.25 uM) in OCT1-expressing HEK293 cells
TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of MPP+ uptake (MPP+: 0.25 uM) in OCT1-expressing HEK293 cells
|
[PMID: 12110607] |
| HEK293 | IC50 |
34.2 μM
Compound: Corticosterone
|
TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of MPP+ uptake (MPP+: 0.25 uM) in OCT2-expressing HEK293 cells
TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of MPP+ uptake (MPP+: 0.25 uM) in OCT2-expressing HEK293 cells
|
[PMID: 12110607] |
| HEK293 | IC50 |
1.6 μM
Compound: corticosterone
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Inhibition of the Organic Cation Transporter 3 (OCT3, SLC22A3) as assessed by a phenotypic impedance-based assay detecting changes in cell morphology by MPP+ uptake in HEK-293 JumpIN-SLC22A3 cells
Inhibition of the Organic Cation Transporter 3 (OCT3, SLC22A3) as assessed by a phenotypic impedance-based assay detecting changes in cell morphology by MPP+ uptake in HEK-293 JumpIN-SLC22A3 cells
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[PMID: 35163125] |
| HEK293 | IC50 |
1.6 μM
Compound: corticosterone
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Inhibition of the Organic Cation Transporter 3 (OCT3, SLC22A3) as assessed by a phenotypic impedance-based assay detecting changes in cell morphology by MPP+ uptake in HEK-293 JumpIN-SLC22A3 cells (PubChem AID: 1745861)
Inhibition of the Organic Cation Transporter 3 (OCT3, SLC22A3) as assessed by a phenotypic impedance-based assay detecting changes in cell morphology by MPP+ uptake in HEK-293 JumpIN-SLC22A3 cells (PubChem AID: 1745861)
|
[PMID: 35163125] |
| HRPE | IC50 |
4.2 μM
Compound: Corticosterone
|
TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of TEA uptake (TEA: 20 uM) in OCT2-expressing HRPE cells
TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of TEA uptake (TEA: 20 uM) in OCT2-expressing HRPE cells
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[PMID: 9830022] |
| HRPE | IC50 |
4.9 μM
Compound: Corticosterone
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TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of TEA uptake (TEA: 20 uM) in OCT3-expressing HRPE cells
TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of TEA uptake (TEA: 20 uM) in OCT3-expressing HRPE cells
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[PMID: 9830022] |
| Oocyte | IC50 |
10.7 μM
Compound: Corticosterone
|
TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition pramipexole uptake in rOCT2-injected oocytes
TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition pramipexole uptake in rOCT2-injected oocytes
|
[PMID: 15640376] |
| Oocyte | IC50 |
163.7 μM
Compound: Corticosterone
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TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition pramipexole uptake in rOCT1-injected oocytes
TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition pramipexole uptake in rOCT1-injected oocytes
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[PMID: 15640376] |
Corticosterone (100 nM; 30 min) via SGK phosphorylation of GDI at Ser-213, increases the formation of GDI-Rab4 complex, facilitating the functional cycle of Rab4 and Rab4-mediated recycling of AMPARs to the synaptic membrane[1].
Corticosterone (CORT) (1 μM; 48 h) shows good immunosuppressive properties (functionally compromises maturation of BMDC), which impairs LPS-induced up-regulation of maturation-associated markers (MHC class II, B7.2, B7.1 and CD40)[2].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
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Cell Line:HEK293 cells
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Concentration:100 nM
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Incubation Time:30 min
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Result:Caused a significant enhancement of mEPSC amplitude (mEPSC represents the postsynaptic response to release of individual vesicles of glutamate).
Increased the transmission of glutamatergic, and increased synaptic AMPAR currents via a Rab4-dependent mechanism.
Profoundly increased surface GluR1 cluster density, cluster size and cluster fluorescence intensity.
Significantly increased the amount of Rab4 that binded to WT-GDI, S45A-GDI, or S121A-GDI but not S213A-GDI.
Induced the phosphorylation of GST-WTGDI, GST-S45AGDI, and GST-S121AGDI, but not GST-S213AGDI, and this effect was blocked in cells transfected with SGK1 small interfering RNA.
Increased AMPAR surface expression via a mechanism dependent on GDI phosphorylation.
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Cell Line:BMDC cells
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Concentration:1 µM
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Incubation Time:48 h
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Result:Completely blocked the expression of MHC class II and B7.2 that induced by LPS, and maximally impaired BMDC cells maturation at 12 h.
Reduced B7.1 by 50%, and slightly down-regulated CD40.
Corticosterone (0.03 or 1 mg/kg; s.c.; single) downregulates expression of BDNF mRNA in dentate gyrus and CA1 of rats[3].
Corticosterone (2.6 mg/kg; in animal feedings; 8 days) restores ethanol intake and preference to approximately normal preoperative levels in adrenalectomy (ADX) rats[4].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
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Animal Model:Adult male Wistar rats (150-170 g; adrenalectomized)[3].
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Dosage:0.03 or 1 mg/kg
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Administration:Subcutaneous injection; single.
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Result:Decreased expression of BDNF mRNA in dentate gyrus, with 25% and 50% lower for dosages of 0.03 and 1 mg/kg, respectively (3 h after administration).
Reduced approximately 40% BDNF mRNA level as compared to the t=0 h control group (3 h after administration), but the level increased by 100% when 12 h after administration (compared to t=3 h and t=6 h group).
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Animal Model:Male Wistar rats (3-week-old; adrenalectomized)[4].
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Dosage:2.6 mg/kg
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Administration:In animal feedings; 8 days.
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Result:Restored ethanol intake and preference of adrenalectomy (ADX) rats to approximately normal preoperative levels and to the levels observed in the sham-operated group (SH) rats.
| NCT Number | Sponsor | Condition | Start Date |
Phase
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NCT01329991 | Plexxikon| | 2011-05 | PHASE1 |
Chemical Information
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CAS No. 50-22-6
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Appearance Solid
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Molecular Weight 346.47
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Formula C21H30O4
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Color White to off-white
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SMILES
C[C@@]12[C@@H](C(CO)=O)CC[C@@]1([H])[C@]3([H])CCC4=CC(CC[C@]4(C)[C@@]3([H])[C@@H](O)C2)=O
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Synonyms
17-Deoxycortisol; 11β,21-Dihydroxyprogesterone; Kendall's compound B
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Structure Classification
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Initial Source
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Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Storage
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 1 year -20°C 6 months
Publications (65)
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Journal Impact Factor
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Most Recent
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Nature
2026 Apr;652(8112):1308-1317. PMID: 41741647 -
Nature
Publisher Correction: Psychedelics elicit their effects by 5-HT2A receptor-mediated Gi signalling. [Abstract]2026 Mar;651(8104):E5. PMID: 41703299 -
Cell
Restoring circadian rhythms in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus reverses aging biomarkers and extends lifespan in male mice. [Abstract]2026 Apr 2;189(7):2007-2023.e20. PMID: 41785851 -
Cell
Intermittent fasting triggers interorgan communication to suppress hair follicle regeneration. [Abstract]2025 Jan 9;188(1):157-174.e22. PMID: 39674178
Corticosterone purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Cell. 2025 Jan 9;188(1):157-174.e22. [Abstract]
Corticosterone (10 mM/50 μL, intradermal injection, single dose) induces widespread lipolysis in dermal adipocytes.
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Cell
2023 Dec 7;186(25):5500-5516.e21. PMID: 38016470 -
Cell Metab
Ferroplasticity drives social isolation-induced anxiety via a ventral hippocampal iron-α-synuclein axis. [Abstract]2026 Jan 27:S1550-4131(25)00586-8. PMID: 41605214 -
Cell Metab
Hepatic acetyl-CoA metabolism modulates neuroinflammation and depression susceptibility via acetate. [Abstract]2025 Sep 23:S1550-4131(25)00383-3. PMID: 40992374 -
Cell Metab
Sensing steroid hormone 17α-hydroxypregnenolone by GPR56 enables protection from ferroptosis-induced liver injury. [Abstract]2024 Nov 5;36(11):2402-2418.e10. PMID: 39389061 -
Nat Neurosci
Structure-based design of a novel third-generation antipsychotic drug lead with potential antidepressant properties. [Abstract]2022 Jan;25(1):39-49. PMID: 34887590
Corticosterone purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Nat Neurosci. 2022 Jan;25(1):39-49. [Abstract]
Corticosterone (25 mg/kg, drinking water, 21 days) was administered to male and female mice. Fresh corticosterone-containing water was given every other day in the first 2 weeks, and gradually changed to normal water by halving the dose every 2 days in the last week.
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Nat Commun
Photochemical nanomotors reverse anxiety- and depressive-related behaviors in rodents via spatiotemporal polarity dynamics tuning. [Abstract]2026 Feb 26;17(1):3237. PMID: 41748578 -
Nat Commun
Coronavirus envelope protein activates TMED10-mediated unconventional secretion of inflammatory factors. [Abstract]2024 Oct 8;15(1):8708. PMID: 39379362 -
Adv Sci (Weinh)
Corticosterone Contributes to Context-Triggered Retrieval of Morphine Withdrawal Memories by Acting on Basolateral Amygdala Neurons Projecting to Nucleus Accumbens Core. [Abstract]2025 Aug 23:e03409. PMID: 40847673 -
Nat Chem Biol
2022 Nov;18(11):1196-1203. PMID: 35982227 -
J Adv Res
OSBPL6 protects against demyelination and behavioral disorder via promoting cholesterol transport in oligodendrocyte. [Abstract]2026 Jan 26:S2090-1232(26)00091-3. PMID: 41605285 -
Sci Adv
Microglial BDNF modulates arketamine's antidepressant-like effects through cortico-accumbal pathways. [Abstract]2025 Jul 11;11(28):eadv5986. PMID: 40632846 -
Cell Discov
Psychological stress-induced systemic corticosterone directly sabotages intestinal stem cells and exacerbates colitis. [Abstract]2025 May 13;11(1):46. PMID: 40360481
Corticosterone purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Cell Discov. 2025 May 13;11(1):46. [Abstract]
Corticosterone (5 mg/kg, i.p., once daily for 3 weeks) in C57BL/6 mice. H&E staining and quantification of crypt depth.
Corticosterone purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Cell Discov. 2025 May 13;11(1):46. [Abstract]
Corticosterone (5 mg/kg, i.p., once daily for 3 weeks) in C57BL/6 mice. EdU and Olfm4 co-staining quantification of EdU+ cells per crypt and the percentage of EdU+ Olfm4+ cells.
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Cell Discov
Cell type-specific NRBF2 orchestrates autophagic flux and adult hippocampal neurogenesis in chronic stress-induced depression. [Abstract]2023 Aug 29;9(1):90. PMID: 37644025 -
Sci Adv
Stress-induced reduction of Na+/H+ exchanger isoform 1 promotes maladaptation of neuroplasticity and exacerbates depressive behaviors. [Abstract]2022 Nov 11;8(45):eadd7063. PMID: 36367929
Corticosterone purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Sci Adv. 2022 Nov 11;8(45):eadd7063. [Abstract]
Corticosterone (CORT) (10 µM, 24 h) is used to produce a cell stress model on the primary culture hippocampal neurons from rats. The decreased NHE1 expression levels in primary cell culture induced by CORT treatment are not affected by chloroquine (Fig. D) but significantly reversed with MG132 pretreatment (Fig. E).
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Redox Biol
p53 promote oxidative stress, neuroinflammation and behavioral disorders via DDIT4-NF-κB signaling pathway. [Abstract]2025 Aug 20:86:103836. PMID: 40848509 -
Redox Biol
Methionine oxidation of actin cytoskeleton attenuates traumatic memory retention via reactivating dendritic spine morphogenesis. [Abstract]2024 Nov:77:103391. PMID: 39405981 -
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
2022 Apr 12;119(15):e2117004119. PMID: 35394864 -
Phytomedicine
GSTM2 as the molecular linking of depression-driven colon cancer progression and chemoresistance: Reversal by Sinisan. [Abstract]2026 Jun:155:158113. PMID: 41962265 -
Phytomedicine
Tongmai Yishen Formula alleviates post-stroke depression by restoring neuronal homeostasis in the lateral habenula via the ITPKA signaling pathway. [Abstract]2026 Jan 21:153:157866. PMID: 41655549 -
Free Radic Biol Med
Chronic stress-induced steroids mediate mitochondrial fission and fibrosis in the trabecular meshwork via the MIEF1-MAOA complex. [Abstract]2026 Mar 16:246:316-333. PMID: 41579974 -
Biomed Pharmacother
Rosmarinic acid alleviate CORT-induced depressive-like behavior by promoting neurogenesis and regulating BDNF/TrkB/PI3K signaling axis. [Abstract]2024 Jan:170:115994. PMID: 38070249 -
Biomed Pharmacother
Berberine exerts antidepressant effects in vivo and in vitro through the PI3K/AKT/CREB/BDNF signaling pathway. [Abstract]2024 Jan:170:116012. PMID: 38113631 -
Anal Chem
High-Throughput Reactive Desorption Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry for Targeted Derivatization and Analysis of Poorly Ionized Small Molecules. [Abstract]2026 Jun 16;98(23):16962-16970. PMID: 42223360 -
Int J Nanomedicine
GLX351322-Loaded Nanoparticles Alleviate Chronic Stress-Induced Depressive Behaviors Through Inhibition of Ferroptosis and Oxidative Stress. [Abstract]2025 Nov 24:20:14033-14055. PMID: 41321900 -
Neurosci Bull
Sex Differences in Pain Contagion Determined by the Balance of Oxytocin and Corticosterone in the Anterior Cingulate Cortex in Rodents. [Abstract]2025 Aug 6. PMID: 40767942 -
Cell Prolif
Regulating the Plasticity of Hippocampal Neurons via Electroacupuncture in Depression Model Mice. [Abstract]2025 May 15:e70057. PMID: 40374592 -
Biochem Pharmacol
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor upregulates synaptic GluA1 in the amygdala to promote depression in response to psychological stress. [Abstract]2021 Oct:192:114740. PMID: 34419429 -
J Ethnopharmacol
Syringa oblata Lindl extract alleviated corticosterone-induced depression via the cAMP/PKA-CREB-BDNF pathway. [Abstract]2025 Jan 3:119274. PMID: 39756715 -
J Ethnopharmacol
Jiao-tai-wan and its effective component-berberine improve diabetes and depressive disorder through the cAMP/PKA/CREB signaling pathway. [Abstract]2024 Apr 24:324:117829. PMID: 38296172 -
J Ethnopharmacol
Jiawei-Xiaoyao pill elicits a rapid antidepressant effect, dependent on activating CaMKII/mTOR/BDNF signaling pathway in the hippocampus. [Abstract]2024 Jan 10;318(Pt B):117016. PMID: 37567427 -
Cells
2025 Mar 8;14(6):397. PMID: 40136646 -
Cells
Monochromatic Light Pollution Exacerbates High-Fat Diet-Induced Adipocytic Hypertrophy in Mice. [Abstract]2022 Nov 28;11(23):3808. PMID: 36497068 -
Life Sci
Mfat-1 ameliorates cachexia after hypoxic-ischemic brain damage in mice by protecting the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis. [Abstract]2023 Nov 15:333:122172. PMID: 37832632 -
Inflammation
Arctiin Mitigates Neuronal Injury by Modulating the P2X7R/NLPR3 Inflammasome Signaling Pathway. [Abstract]2025 Jun;48(3):987-1002. PMID: 39154088 -
Int J Mol Sci
Glucocorticoids Selectively Inhibit Hippocampal CA1 Pyramidal Neurons Activity Through HCN Channels. [Abstract]2024 Nov 7;25(22):11971. PMID: 39596039 -
Int J Mol Sci
FXR Maintains the Intestinal Barrier and Stemness by Regulating CYP11A1-Mediated Corticosterone Synthesis in Biliary Obstruction Diseases. [Abstract]2023 Aug 30;24(17):13494. PMID: 37686300 -
Int J Mol Sci
The Corticosterone-Glucocorticoid Receptor-AP1/CREB Axis Inhibits the Luteinizing Hormone Receptor Expression in Mouse Granulosa Cells. [Abstract]2022 Oct 18;23(20):12454. PMID: 36293309 -
Int Immunopharmacol
Stress aggravates imiquimod-induced psoriasiform inflammation by promoting M1 macrophage polarization. [Abstract]2023 Sep 7;124(Pt A):110899. PMID: 37688915 -
Neuropharmacology
Hippocampal GPR17 down regulation ameliorates CMS-induced depression-like behaviors in mice. [Abstract]2026 Feb 1:283:110757. PMID: 41192688 -
Mol Neurobiol
Curcumin Ameliorates Depressive-like Behaviors by Modulating mGluR2/PGC-1α-Mediated Glutamatergic Homeostasis and Mitochondrial Function. [Abstract]2025 Nov 21;63(1):125. PMID: 41269393 -
Mol Neurobiol
Ginsenoside Rg1 Reduced Microglial Activation and Mitochondrial Dysfunction to Alleviate Depression-Like Behaviour Via the GAS5/EZH2/SOCS3/NRF2 Axis. [Abstract]2022 May;59(5):2855-2873. PMID: 35230663 -
iScience
Glucocorticoid receptor-mediated Nr1d1 chromatin circadian misalignment in stress-induced irritable bowel syndrome. [Abstract]2023 Jun 17;26(7):107137. PMID: 37404374 -
ACS Chem Neurosci
Gallic Acid Improves Comorbid Chronic Pain and Depression Behaviors by Inhibiting P2X7 Receptor-Mediated Ferroptosis in the Spinal Cord of Rats. [Abstract]2023 Feb 15;14(4):667-676. PMID: 36719132 -
J Neural Eng
Ultrasound neuromodulation ameliorates chronic corticosterone-induced depression- and anxiety-like behaviors in mice. [Abstract]2023 Jun 22;20(3). PMID: 37321207 -
Front Med
Cannabidiol prevents depressive-like behaviors through the modulation of neural stem cell differentiation. [Abstract]2022 Apr;16(2):227-239. PMID: 35212887 -
Phytochemistry
Eremophilane sesquiterpenes from agarwood of Aquilaria agallocha with neuroprotective effect. [Abstract]2025 Apr 28:114527. PMID: 40306531 -
Toxicol Appl Pharmacol
2025 May 4:500:117371. PMID: 40328338 -
J Pharmacol Sci
MicroRNA-3473b regulates corticosterone-induced microglial polarization and inflammation through TREM2. [Abstract]2025 Dec;159(4):209-218. PMID: 41241431 -
Neurogastroenterol Motil
Acute stress induces visceral hypersensitivity via glucocorticoid receptor-mediated membrane insertion of TRPM8: Involvement of a non-receptor tyrosine kinase Pyk2. [Abstract]2020 Oct;32(10):1514-1528. PMID: 32391653 -
Brain Sci
Inhibition of Glycolysis Alleviates Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress Induced Neuroinflammation and Depression-like Behavior. [Abstract]2024 Oct 30;14(11):1098. PMID: 39595861 -
Neuroscience
Chronic stress disturbed the metabolism of homocysteine in mouse hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. [Abstract]2024 Dec 17:563:63-73. PMID: 39521319 -
Brain Sci
2023 Oct 18;13(10):1472. PMID: 37891839 -
Animals
Corticosterone Injection Impairs Follicular Development, Ovulation and Steroidogenesis Capacity in Mice Ovary. [Abstract]2019 Nov 29;9(12):1047. PMID: 31795468 -
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Solvent & Solubility
DMSO : 100 mg/mL (288.63 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)
Ethanol : 14.29 mg/mL (41.24 mM; Need ultrasonic)
H2O : < 0.1 mg/mL (insoluble)
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 1 year. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 6 months.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 1 year. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 6 months.
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.
- For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
- To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
- The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline
Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (7.22 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)
Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (7.22 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% EtOH 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline
Solubility: ≥ 1.43 mg/mL (4.13 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 1.43 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL EtOH stock solution (14.3 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% EtOH 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)
Solubility: ≥ 1.43 mg/mL (4.13 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 1.43 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL EtOH stock solution (14.3 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% EtOH 90% Corn Oil
Solubility: ≥ 1.43 mg/mL (4.13 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 1.43 mg/mL (saturation unknown). If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL EtOH stock solution (14.3 mg/mL) to 900 μL Corn oil, and mix evenly.
For the following dissolution methods, please prepare the working solution directly:
It is recommended to prepare fresh solutions and use them promptly within a short period of time.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.
Add each solvent one by one: 0.5% CMC-Na/saline water
Solubility: 2 mg/mL (5.77 mM); Suspended solution; Need ultrasonic and warming and heat to 60°C
Add each solvent one by one: 20% HP-β-CD in Saline
Solubility: 4 mg/mL (11.55 mM); Suspended solution; Need ultrasonic
Add each solvent one by one: 5% Cremophor EL 95% (20% HP-β-CD in Saline)
Solubility: 5 mg/mL (14.43 mM); Clear solution; Need ultrasonic
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:
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Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
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%DMSO +
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
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%+
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+%Tween-80 + +
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%Saline +
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL DMSO. Stock solution concentration: mg/mL.
1. Take μL DMSO stock solution;
2. Add μL .
μL , mix evenly;
3. Then add μL Tween 80, mix evenly;
4. Then add μL
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Purity & Documentation
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Data Sheet (284 KB)
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SDS (393 KB)
- English - EN (393 KB)
- Français - FR (393 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (393 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (393 KB)
- Español - ES (393 KB)
- Swedish - SV (393 KB)
- Italian - IT (393 KB)
- Korean - KR (393 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (393 KB)
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Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
[1]. Elftman MD, et al. Corticosterone impairs dendritic cell maturation and function. Immunology. 2007 Oct;122(2):279-90. [Content Brief]
[2]. Schaaf MJ, et al. Downregulation of BDNF mRNA and protein in the rat hippocampus by corticosterone. Brain Res. 1998 Nov 30;813(1):112-20. [Content Brief]
[3]. Fahlke C, et al. Involvement of corticosterone in the modulation of ethanol consumption in the rat. Alcohol. 1994 May-Jun;11(3):195-202. [Content Brief]
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 1 year. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 6 months.
| Optional Solvent | Concentration Solvent Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 25 mg |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ethanol / DMSO | 1 mM | 2.8863 mL | 14.4313 mL | 28.8625 mL | 72.1563 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.5773 mL | 2.8863 mL | 5.7725 mL | 14.4313 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2886 mL | 1.4431 mL | 2.8863 mL | 7.2156 mL | |
| 15 mM | 0.1924 mL | 0.9621 mL | 1.9242 mL | 4.8104 mL | |
| 20 mM | 0.1443 mL | 0.7216 mL | 1.4431 mL | 3.6078 mL | |
| 25 mM | 0.1155 mL | 0.5773 mL | 1.1545 mL | 2.8863 mL | |
| 30 mM | 0.0962 mL | 0.4810 mL | 0.9621 mL | 2.4052 mL | |
| 40 mM | 0.0722 mL | 0.3608 mL | 0.7216 mL | 1.8039 mL | |
| DMSO | 50 mM | 0.0577 mL | 0.2886 mL | 0.5773 mL | 1.4431 mL |
| 60 mM | 0.0481 mL | 0.2405 mL | 0.4810 mL | 1.2026 mL | |
| 80 mM | 0.0361 mL | 0.1804 mL | 0.3608 mL | 0.9020 mL | |
| 100 mM | 0.0289 mL | 0.1443 mL | 0.2886 mL | 0.7216 mL |