FK-565
Based on 1 Customer Validation
FK-565 is a synthetic immunomodulatory peptide with a nucleotide oligomerization domain-1 (NOD1) ligand. FK-565 can activate macrophages, NK cells, and peritoneal exudative cells, enhancing the innate immune response. FK-565 has antiviral activity against a variety of viruses in vivo, and its effect is achieved through immunomodulation rather than direct viral inhibition. FK-565 can induce mouse models of arteritis and coronary arteritis (Kawasaki disease-like disease) through a NOD1-mediated mechanism. FK-565 can be used for research on viral infections and inflammatory vascular diseases.
For research use only. We do not sell to patients.
- Purity: 99.88%
- CAS No.: 79335-75-4
- Formula: C22H38N4O9
- Molecular Weight:502.56
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Storage:
Sealed storage, away from moisture.
Powder -80°C, 2 years , -20°C, 1 year* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)
To place orders, for customer services and technical support, please contact: MedChemExpress USA
Tel: 609-228-6898 E-mail: [email protected] [email protected]
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Biological Activity
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Chemical Information
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Solvent & Solubility
- Purity & Documentation
- References
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Help & FAQs
Biological Activity
FK565 activates peritoneal exudate cells (PECs) and spleen cells in mice; these cells significantly inhibit viral multiplication when co-cultured with CB3- or EMC virus-infected cell cultures[2][3].
FK565 (1-1000 μg/mL; 24 h pretreatment followed by 48 h incubation post-infection) exhibits no direct antiviral activity against coxsackievirus B3 (CB3) or encephalomyocarditis (EMC) virus in human amniotic cells[2][3].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
FK565 (10 μg/kg; i.p.; daily for 20 days starting on the same day of viral inoculation) effectively inhibits myocardial viral replication, reduces cellular infiltration, myocardial necrosis, and calcification of the heart, and increases survival rate in C3H/He mice with coxsackievirus B3-induced myocarditis[2].
FK565 (1 mg/kg/day; i.p.; administered 1 day before or simultaneously with virus inoculation for 4 consecutive days) effectively inhibits myocardial viral replication and increases survival in BALB/c mice with encephalomyocarditis virus-induced myocarditis[3].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
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Animal Model:Male C3H/HeN mice (5 weeks old) were inoculated intraperitoneally with Friend leukemia virus (FLV) (0.2 mL/mouse of 10-fold dilution for splenomegaly assay, or 2-fold dilution for survival assay)[1]
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Dosage:This compound: 0.001-1 mg/kg; Zidovudine: tion. 0.63, 2.5, 10 and 40 mg/kg (combination study)
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Administration:Intravenous injection (i.v.) or Oral gavage (p.o.) for this compound; Intraperitoneal injection (i.p.) for Zidovudine; once daily (consecutive: 4 h after FLV challenge for 5 doses; intermittent: on days 0, 3, 7, 11 for 4 doses); combination: this compound i.v. + Zidovudine i.p. 3 times daily on days 1-4, 7-11, 14-18
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Result:This compound alone inhibited FLV-induced splenomegaly by 30-47% at intravenous doses of 0.1-1 mg/kg, and by 28-39% at oral doses of 0.1-1 mg/kg.
Combined use of this compound (1 mg/kg, i.v.) with Zidovudine (20 mg/kg, i.p.) markedly increased the inhibition rate of splenomegaly compared with either drug alone, and enabled a 16-fold reduction of Zidovudine dosage.
This compound (1 mg/kg) combined with Zidovudine (20 mg/kg) increased the survival rate and prolonged survival time of mice infected with massive amounts of FLV.
Inhibition of FLV splenomegaly was reflected in the prolonged survival time of the infected mice.
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Animal Model:Three-week-old male C3H/He mice were inoculated intraperitoneally with 3×105 plaque-forming units (PFU) of coxsackievirus B3 (CB3, Nancy strain) in 0.1 mL[2]
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Dosage:1 or 10 μg/kg
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Administration:Intraperitoneal injection (i.p.); once daily; started on the same day of viral inoculation; for 3 days (virus titration) or 20 days (survival and histopathology)
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Result:This compound at 10 μg/kg/day significantly inhibited myocardial viral replication (3.23 log10 PFU/mg vs control 3.71), while 1 μg/kg/day showed no significant effect (3.58).
Reduced cellular infiltration in the heart (score 1.3 vs control 2.5).
Reduced myocardial necrosis (score 1.4 vs control 3.0).
Reduced calcification of the heart (score 1.0 vs control 2.5).
Increased survival rate (60% vs control 30%).
Peritoneal exudate cells (PEC) and spleen cells (SC) from this compound -pretreated mice significantly inhibited CB3 multiplication in mouse embryo fibroblast cells in vitro (PEC: 6.45 log10 PFU/mL vs control 6.85; SC: 6.40 vs control 6.78).
FK565 did not directly inhibit viral replication (plaque reduction assay showed no significant difference at 1-1000 μg/mL).
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Animal Model:Four-week-old male BALB/c mice were inoculated intraperitoneally with 100 PFU of encephalomyocarditis (EMC) virus (myocardial variant) in 0.1 mL[3]
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Dosage:1 mg/kg/day
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Administration:Intraperitoneal injection (i.p.); once daily; started 1 day before or on the same day of virus inoculation; for 4 consecutive days (virus titration and histology) or 14 days (survival)
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Result:This compound (1 mg/kg/day) started 1 day before virus inoculation effectively inhibited myocardial viral replication (2.77 log10 PFU/mg vs control 3.33).
This compound started simultaneously with virus inoculation also inhibited viral replication (2.46 log₁₀ PFU/mg vs control 3.33).
Increased survival rate: 70% (started 1 day before) and 60% (started on day 0) vs control 20%.
Treatment started 1 day before inoculation was most effective in reducing inflammatory response (score 1.2 vs control 2.0).
Reduced myocardial necrosis (score 1.2 vs control 2.0).
PEC and spleen cells from this compound -pretreated mice significantly inhibited EMC virus multiplication in BALB/c 3T3 cells in vitro (PEC: 6.14 log10 PFU/mL vs control 6.59; SC: 3.55 vs control 5.64).
This compound did not directly inhibit viral replication (plaque reduction assay showed no significant difference at 1-1000 μg/mL).
Note:
Please do not refer to only one article to determine the experimental conditions. It is recommended to determine the optimal experimental conditions (animal strain, age, dosage, frequency and cycle, detection time and indicators, etc.) through preliminary experiments before the formal experiment.
Administration (Protocol 1[4]): Primed with LPS (20 μg/mouse, i.p.) 24 hours prior • FK565 (0.5 mg/mouse/day in 0.2 mL) • s.c. • for 2 consecutive days, observed for 5 days • this intermittent course repeated for 4 weeks
Administration (Protocol 2[5]): FK565 (100 μg) • p.o. • once daily for 5 consecutive days &bull • or FK565 (10, 100 or 500 μg) • s.c. • on days 0 and 3
(2) In Protocol 1, the intermittent administration schedule (2 consecutive days of injection followed by 5 days of observation) should be repeated for 4 weeks to establish stable arteritis; mice are sacrificed at 4 weeks.
(3) In Protocol 2, mice are euthanized on day 5 for histological analysis of coronary arteritis; control mice should receive sterile distilled water or PBS following the same schedule to eliminate solvent effects.
Histology analysis: Site-specific coronary arteritis mainly involving bilateral coronary arteries with circumferential and transmural infiltration of inflammatory cells (lymphocytes admixed with neutrophils); abdominal aorta and its branching arteries may show inflammation with intimal thickening suggestive of atherosclerosis[4][5]
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Chemical Information
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CAS No. 79335-75-4
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Appearance Solid
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Molecular Weight 502.56
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Formula C22H38N4O9
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Color White to off-white
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Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Storage
Sealed storage, away from moisture
Powder -80°C 2 years -20°C 1 year * In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)
Solvent & Solubility
H2O : 83.33 mg/mL (165.81 mM; Need ultrasonic)
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
Purity & Documentation
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Data Sheet (292 KB)
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SDS (393 KB)
- English - EN (393 KB)
- Français - FR (393 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (393 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (393 KB)
- Español - ES (393 KB)
- Swedish - SV (393 KB)
- Italian - IT (393 KB)
- Korean - KR (393 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (393 KB)
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Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
| Optional Solvent | Concentration Solvent Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 25 mg |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| H2O | 1 mM | 1.9898 mL | 9.9491 mL | 19.8981 mL | 49.7453 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.3980 mL | 1.9898 mL | 3.9796 mL | 9.9491 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.1990 mL | 0.9949 mL | 1.9898 mL | 4.9745 mL | |
| 15 mM | 0.1327 mL | 0.6633 mL | 1.3265 mL | 3.3164 mL | |
| 20 mM | 0.0995 mL | 0.4975 mL | 0.9949 mL | 2.4873 mL | |
| 25 mM | 0.0796 mL | 0.3980 mL | 0.7959 mL | 1.9898 mL | |
| 30 mM | 0.0663 mL | 0.3316 mL | 0.6633 mL | 1.6582 mL | |
| 40 mM | 0.0497 mL | 0.2487 mL | 0.4975 mL | 1.2436 mL | |
| 50 mM | 0.0398 mL | 0.1990 mL | 0.3980 mL | 0.9949 mL | |
| 60 mM | 0.0332 mL | 0.1658 mL | 0.3316 mL | 0.8291 mL | |
| 80 mM | 0.0249 mL | 0.1244 mL | 0.2487 mL | 0.6218 mL | |
| 100 mM | 0.0199 mL | 0.0995 mL | 0.1990 mL | 0.4975 mL |
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
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