Cat. No.: HY-N1423A

Glycocholic acid sodium

4 Cited Publications

Customer Review

Based on 4 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Glycocholic acid sodium is a bile acid derivative. Glycocholic acid downregulates MDR1, Bcl-2, MRP1, MRP2 and FXR, upregulates Bax, p53, caspase-9, caspase-3, TGR5 and S1PR2. Glycocholic acid sodium inhibits multidrug resistance and efflux pumps, induces mitochondrial apoptosis, and enhances chemosensitivity. Glycocholic acid sodium modulates related bile acid receptor signaling. Glycocholic acid sodium suppresses growth and conjugation of Enterobacteriaceae and increases their antibiotic susceptibility. Glycocholic acid sodium can be used for the research of colon adenocarcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma (CCA).

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Purity: 99.24%
CAS No.: 863-57-0
Formula: C₂₆H₄₂NNaO₆
Molecular Weight:487.60

Storage:

4°C, sealed storage, away from moisture

* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)

Glycocholic acid sodium Chemical Structure

CAS No.: 863-57-0

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Biological Activity
- Description
- IC₅₀ & Target
- In Vitro
Chemical Information
Publications (4)
Solvent & Solubility
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
Purity & Documentation
References
Help & FAQs
Classifications
Bioz

Biological Activity

Description

IC₅₀ & Target

Microbial Metabolite

Human Endogenous Metabolite

All LPL Receptor Isoforms :

All Bcl-2 Family Isoforms :

All Caspase Isoforms :

All Endogenous Metabolite Isoforms :

In Vitro

Glycocholic acid (0-500 μM; 0, 24, 48, 72 h) sodium reduces the viability of human colon adenocarcinoma Caco-2 cells in a time- and concentration-dependent manner^[1].
Glycocholic acid (250 μM; 72 h) sodium at 250 μM significantly increases the chemosensitivity of human colon adenocarcinoma Caco-2 cells to Epirubicin (HY-13624)^[1].
Glycocholic acid (250 μM; 72 h) sodium alters the expression of multidrug resistance and apoptosis-related genes in human colon adenocarcinoma Caco-2 cells, downregulating MDR1, MRP1, MRP2, and Bcl-2 while upregulating Bax, caspase-3, caspase-9, and p53, and increasing the Bax-to-Bcl-2 ratio^[1].
Glycocholic acid (250 μM; 72 h) reduces hMDR1 promoter activity in human colon adenocarcinoma Caco-2 cells^[1].
Glycocholic acid (250 μM; 72 h) sodium induces chromatin condensation, a marker of apoptosis, in human colon adenocarcinoma Caco-2 cells^[1].
Glycocholic acid (250 μM; 72 h) sodium increases the sub-G1 DNA content population, indicating apoptosis, in human colon adenocarcinoma Caco-2 cells^[1].
Glycocholic acid (GCA) (1.6 μmol/mL; 48 h) sodium modulates bile acid receptor gene expression in SNU-245 cholangiocarcinoma cells, reducing FXR expression and increasing TGR5 and S1PR2 expression^[2].
Glycocholic acid sodium inhibits late logarithmic phase growth of E. coli K1037, clinical UTI E. coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Klebsiella oxytoca, Salmonella Typhimurium, Raoultella ornithinolytica, and Citrobacter freundii in liquid LB culture, but not on solid LB agar medium^[3].
Glycocholic acid sodium reduces the MIC of ampicillin for E. coli K1037 by 2-fold and the MIC of chloramphenicol for Raoultella ornithinolytica and Citrobacter freundii by 2-fold, resulting in additive antimicrobial interactions (FIC index 0.625-0.75)^[3].
Glycocholic acid (0.125-2%; 6 h) sodium reduces conjugation frequency of multiple Enterobacteriaceae conjugative plasmids by 70 to 97% in a dose-dependent manner, with no prominent reduction in donor strain viability^[3].
Glycocholic acid (0.2-2%; 16 h) sodium significantly reduces E. coli K1037 motility on soft LB agar by downregulating fliC gene expression^[3].
Glycocholic acid (0.125-2%) sodium increases membrane permeability and compromises membrane integrity of E. coli K1037, as shown by increased NPN/EtBr uptake and cytoplasmic DnaK leakage^[3].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Chemical Information

CAS No. 863-57-0
Appearance Solid
Molecular Weight 487.60
Formula C₂₆H₄₂NNaO₆
Color White to off-white
SMILES

O[C@H]1[C@@]2([H])[C@@]3([H])[C@@]([C@@](CC3)([H])[C@H](C)CCC(NCC(O[Na])=O)=O)([C@H](C[C@]2([H])[C@@]4([C@](C[C@@H](CC4)O)([H])C1)C)O)C
Structure Classification
- Terpenoids
- Triterpenes
Initial Source
- Endogenous metabolite
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Storage

4°C, sealed storage, away from moisture

* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)

Publications (4)

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Journal Impact Factor

Nature

Lithocholic acid phenocopies anti-ageing effects of calorie restriction. [Abstract]

2025 Jul;643(8070):192-200. PMID: 39695227
Nat Commun

Gut symbiont-derived sphingosine modulates vector competence in Aedes mosquitoes. [Abstract]

2024 Sep 19;15(1):8221. PMID: 39300135
Adv Sci (Weinh)

Targeting FDFT1 Reduces Cholesterol and Bile Acid Production and Delays Hepatocellular Carcinoma Progression Through the HNF4A/ALDOB/AKT1 Axis. [Abstract]

2025 Mar;12(12):e2411719. PMID: 39899681

Glycocholic acid sodium purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Adv Sci (Weinh). 2025 Mar;12(12):e2411719. [Abstract]

The mRNA levels of ALDOB in Huh7 or HCCLM3 cells treated with various bile acids (100 μM, 24 h). All data are presented as mean ± SD. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni multiple-comparison correction. CA, cholic acid; TCA, taurocholic acid; GCA, glycocholic acid; TCDCA, taurochenodeoxycholic acid; GCDCA, glycochenodeoxycholic acid; LCA, lithocholic acid; TLCA, taurolithocholic acid; GLCA, glycolithocholic acid; DCA, deoxycholic acid; TDCA, taurodeoxycholic acid; GDCA, glycodeoxycholic acid; UDCA, ursodeoxycholic acid; TUDCA, tauroursodeoxycholic acid; GUDCA, glycoursodeoxycholic acid.
Metabolomics

2026 Jun 18;22(4):103.

Solvent & Solubility

In Vitro:

DMSO : ≥ 100 mg/mL (205.09 mM; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

H₂O : 100 mg/mL (205.09 mM; Need ultrasonic)

* "≥" means soluble, but saturation unknown.

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Preparing Stock Solutions

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Concentration Solvent Mass

1 mg

5 mg

10 mg

Concentration

Solvent

Mass

1 mM

2.0509 mL

10.2543 mL

20.5086 mL

5 mM

0.4102 mL

2.0509 mL

4.1017 mL

10 mM

0.2051 mL

1.0254 mL

2.0509 mL

Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

Molarity Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

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Molecular Weight Molecular Weight

Dilution Calculator

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In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

Stock Solution Working Solution

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

Protocol 1

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline

Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (5.13 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

Protocol 2

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (5.13 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

Protocol 3

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% Corn Oil

Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (5.13 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown). If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL Corn oil, and mix evenly.

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator

Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage Dosage
mg/kg
Animal Weight (Per Animal) Animal Weight (Per Animal)
g
Dosing Volume (Per Animal) Dosing Volume (Per Animal)
μL
Number of Animals Number of Animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL

This product has good water solubility, please refer to the measured solubility data in water/PBS/Saline for details.

The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only.If necessary, please contact

MedChemExpress (MCE) .

Purity & Documentation

Select Batch:

Purity: 99.98%

Assay: 99.98%

ee.: 99.98%

Data Sheet (279 KB)
SDS (394 KB)
- English - EN (394 KB)
- Français - FR (394 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (394 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (394 KB)
- Español - ES (394 KB)
- Swedish - SV (394 KB)
- Italian - IT (394 KB)
- Korean - KR (394 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (394 KB)
COA (2659 KB)
Elemental Analysis Report (2659 KB)
HNMR (2659 KB)
CNMR (2659 KB)
RP-HPLC (2659 KB)
NP-HPLC (2659 KB)
MS (2659 KB)
LCMS (2659 KB)
IR (2659 KB)
GC (2659 KB)
OR (2659 KB)
SDS-PAGE (2659 KB)
SEC-HPLC (2659 KB)
Other Report (2659 KB)
Handling Instructions (2659 KB)

References

[1]. Lo YL, et al. Inhibit multidrug resistance and induce apoptosis by using glycocholic acid and epirubicin. Eur J Pharm Sci. 2008;35(1-2):52-67. [Content Brief]

[2]. Song WS, et al. Discovery of glycocholic acid and taurochenodeoxycholic acid as phenotypic biomarkers in cholangiocarcinoma. Sci Rep. 2018;8(1):11088. Published 2018 Jul 23. [Content Brief]

[3]. Piscon B, et al. The Effect of glycocholic acid on the growth, membrane permeability, conjugation and antibiotic susceptibility of Enterobacteriaceae. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2025;15:1550545. Published 2025 Mar 20. [Content Brief]

[4]. Lo YL, et al. Inhibit multidrug resistance and induce apoptosis by using glycocholic acid and epirubicin. Eur J Pharm Sci. 2008 Sep 2;35(1-2):52-67. [Content Brief]

Help & FAQs

How should lyophilized recombinant proteins be reconstituted and stored?

1. Before opening the cap, centrifuge the vial at 13000 rpm for 20-30 seconds. This step will ensure that any lyophilized powder that may have adhered to the cap or walls is collected at the bottom of the vial, minimizing the risk of product loss.

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Optional Solvent	Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg	25 mg
DMSO / H₂O	1 mM	2.0509 mL	10.2543 mL	20.5086 mL	51.2715 mL
	5 mM	0.4102 mL	2.0509 mL	4.1017 mL	10.2543 mL
	10 mM	0.2051 mL	1.0254 mL	2.0509 mL	5.1272 mL
	15 mM	0.1367 mL	0.6836 mL	1.3672 mL	3.4181 mL
	20 mM	0.1025 mL	0.5127 mL	1.0254 mL	2.5636 mL
	25 mM	0.0820 mL	0.4102 mL	0.8203 mL	2.0509 mL
	30 mM	0.0684 mL	0.3418 mL	0.6836 mL	1.7091 mL
	40 mM	0.0513 mL	0.2564 mL	0.5127 mL	1.2818 mL
	50 mM	0.0410 mL	0.2051 mL	0.4102 mL	1.0254 mL
	60 mM	0.0342 mL	0.1709 mL	0.3418 mL	0.8545 mL
	80 mM	0.0256 mL	0.1282 mL	0.2564 mL	0.6409 mL
	100 mM	0.0205 mL	0.1025 mL	0.2051 mL	0.5127 mL

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

Glycocholic acid sodium

4 Cited Publications

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Glycocholic acid sodium

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Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Glycocholic acid sodium

All LPL Receptor Isoforms

All Bcl-2 Family Isoforms

All Caspase Isoforms

All Endogenous Metabolite Isoforms

Biological Activity

Chemical Information

Publications (4)

Solvent & Solubility

Purity & Documentation

References

Help & FAQs

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Glycocholic acid sodium Related Classifications

HY-N1423A Related Classifications