Thia Fatty Acids

Lipoic acid ((R)-(+)-α-Lipoic acid) is an antioxidant, which is an essential cofactor of mitochondrial enzyme complexes. (R)-(+)-α-Lipoic acid is more effective than racemic Lipoic acid.

Lipoamide ((±)-α-Lipoamide) is a monocarboxylic acid derivative of a neutral amide, formed by the condensation of the carboxyl group of lipoic acid and ammonia. Lipoamide protects against oxidative stress-mediated neuronal cell damage and also acts as a coenzyme to transfer acetyl groups and hydrogen during pyruvate deacylation. Lipoamide also stimulates mitochondrial biogenesis in adipocytes through the endothelial NO synthase-cGMP-protein kinase G signaling pathway.

3-(Methylthio)propionic acid is an intermediate in the methionine metabolism.

Dephospho-CoA is a key intermediate in the biosynthesis of coenzyme A (CoA), which is catalyzed to form CoA by GTP-dependent Dephospho-CoA kinase (DPCK). Dephospho-CoA completes the final synthetic step of CoA via phosphorylation and participates in energy metabolism and cellular signal transduction. Dephospho-CoA can be used in studies involving cancer (e.g., regulation of cell proliferation) and metabolic diseases (e.g., mitochondrial dysfunction).

4-Methylthio-2-oxobutanoic acid (MTOB) is an ornithine decarboxylase inhibitor. 4-Methylthio-2-oxobutanoic acid reduces ornithine decarboxylase protein levels and enzymatic activity. 4-Methylthio-2-oxobutanoic acid is formed in cells in the Met salvage pathway from methylthioadenosine. 4-Methylthio-2-oxobutanoic acid inhibits cancer cells growth. 4-Methylthio-2-oxobutanoic acid can be used for the research of cancer.

2'-(5''-Phosphoribosyl)-3'-dephospho-CoA is an adenosine 5'-phosphate derivative that has the structure of coenzyme A dephosphorylated at C-3' and with a 5''-phospho-D-ribosyl substituent at C-2'.

3-Isopropylbut-3-enoyl-CoA (3-Isopropylbut-3-enoyl-coenzyme A) is a coenzyme A derivative.

2'-(5-Triphosphoribosyl)-3'-dephospho-CoA is an adenosine 5'-phosphate derivative that has the structure of coenzyme A dephosphorylated at C-3' and with a 5-triphospho-alpha-D-ribosyl substituent at C-2'.

18-Mercaptooctadecanoic acid is a PROTAC linker that can be used in the synthesis of PROTACs.