Activin B
Activin B, a TGFβ superfamily cytokine, is a homodimer of activin βB subunits. Activin B binds to type II transmembrane serine-threonine kinase receptors (ACTRIIA or ACTRIIB) which, in turn, activate type I receptors (ACTRI) that phosphorylate and activate canonical SMAD signaling pathways. Activins, members of the TGF-β superfamily, are first isolated from porcine ovarian follicular fluid and identified as activating factors for the release of follicle stimulating hormone. Activin B found in most tissues including placenta, reproductive organs, bone marrow, and brain. Activin B is a regulator of inflammation and immunity, and also involved in cancer or wound healing processes[1][2][3][4].
Activins exist different additional roles, including broad and complex effects on cell growth and differentiation, regulation of embryogenesis, development of the reproductive system, wound healing, stem cell differentiation and regulation of immune response. Activins exert their biological functions through the serine/threonine protein kinase (MAPKs) signaling pathways. Activin B might also signal through the type IC activin receptors (ACVR1C (ALK7)). The type I receptor initiates a signaling cascade by activating a phosphorylation cascade through SMAD2/3 that complexes with SMAD4 and translocates to the cell nucleus to modulate gene transcription[1][2][3].
- [1]. Shi-Kang Deng, et al. Activin B signaling may promote the conversion of normal fibroblasts to scar fibroblasts. Medicine (Baltimore). 2020 Jun 12;99(24):e20253. [Content Brief]
- [2]. J M Young, et al. Activin B is produced early in antral follicular development and suppresses thecal androgen production. Reproduction. 2012 May;143(5):637-50. [Content Brief]
- [3]. Siyuan Xiong, et al. Activin B promotes endometrial cancer cell migration by down-regulating E-cadherin via SMAD-independent MEK-ERK1/2-SNAIL signaling. Oncotarget. 2016 Jun 28;7(26):40060-40072. [Content Brief]
- [4]. Sabine Gravelsina, et al. Potential of Activin B as a Clinical Biomarker in Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS). Biomolecules. 2021 Aug 11;11(8):1189. [Content Brief]
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Activin B Recombinant Proteins (1)
Recombinant Protein Expression Service
- Codon Optimization
- Gene Synthesis
- Construction of Expression Vector
- Strain Screening
- Protein Expression
- Purification & QC
- Protein Delivery
- Formula: Human
- Molecular Weight: Sf9 insect cells
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