Disinfection efficacy and mechanism of olanexidine gluconate against norovirus
- Am J Infect Control. 2022 Jul;50(7):764-771. doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2021.11.020.
- 1. Naruto Research Institute, Research and Development Center, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Factory, Inc., Naruto, Tokushima, Japan; Department of Frontier Sciences for Advanced Environment, Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.
- 2. Naruto Research Institute, Research and Development Center, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Factory, Inc., Naruto, Tokushima, Japan.
- 3. Department of Frontier Sciences for Advanced Environment, Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan. Electronic address: [email protected].
Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the virucidal activity of a new olanexidine-containing formulation for hand hygiene (olanexidine gluconate hand rub; OLG-HR) against non-enveloped viruses and to understand its mechanism of action.
Methods: The virucidal activities of OLG-HR against two strains of caliciviruses and three adenovirus serotypes were evaluated through suspension tests. Also, virus-like particles were used to predict the effect of olanexidine gluconate on virus particle structure.
Results: The results of suspension tests under conditions with and without interfering substances (1.5% BSA) indicated that OLG-HR had a broad-spectrum effect against non-enveloped viruses, and the virucidal effect was unaffected by organic contaminants. Furthermore, olanexidine inhibited the binding ability of virus-like particles to the binding receptor of human norovirus and increased the aggregation of virus-like particles in a dose-dependent manner. Transmission electron microscopy showed that the morphology of the virus-like particles was affected by exposure to olanexidine, indicating that the protein-denaturing effect of olanexidine gluconate caused the loss of receptor-binding capability of the viral capsid protein.
Conclusions: This study suggests that olanexidine gluconate is a potential biological and environmental disinfectant against norovirus and adenovirus.