Identification of a novel α-glucosidase inhibitor from Melastoma dodecandrum Lour. fruits and its effect on regulating postprandial blood glucose

  • Food Chem. 2023 Jan 15:399:133999. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133999.
Yang Xu  1 ,  Ahmed K Rashwan  2 ,  Zhiwei Ge  3 ,  Yuting Li  4 ,  Hengju Ge  4 ,  Jiaxin Li  4 ,  Jiahong Xie  4 ,  Shiyu Liu  4 ,  Jie Fang  5 ,  Kejun Cheng  5 ,  Wei Chen  6
Affiliations
  • 1. Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China; Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang-Egypt Joint Laboratory for Comprehensive Utilization of Agricultural Biological Resources and Development of Functional Foods, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China.
  • 2. Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang-Egypt Joint Laboratory for Comprehensive Utilization of Agricultural Biological Resources and Development of Functional Foods, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Department of Food and Dairy Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, South Valley University, Qena 83523, Egypt.
  • 3. Analysis Center of Agrobiology and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
  • 4. Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang-Egypt Joint Laboratory for Comprehensive Utilization of Agricultural Biological Resources and Development of Functional Foods, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
  • 5. Chemical Biology Center, Lishui Institute of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Lishui 323000, China.
  • 6. Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China; Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang-Egypt Joint Laboratory for Comprehensive Utilization of Agricultural Biological Resources and Development of Functional Foods, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China. Electronic address: [email protected].
PMID: 36037688 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133999
Abstract

Melastoma dodecandrum Lour. (MDL) extracts have shown potent α-glucosidase inhibitory activity, suggesting MDL might be a good source of α-glucosidase inhibitors. The aim of the study was to identify compounds in MDL extracts with α-glucosidase inhibitory activities and evaluate their effect on postprandial blood glucose as well as elucidating the underlying mechanisms of inhibition. A total of 34 Polyphenols were identified in MDL fruits, among which 10 anthocyanins and three proanthocyanidin derivatives were discovered for the first time. Dosing mice with MDL extracts (100 mg/kg body weight, by gavage) was associated with a significantly decrease in postprandial blood glucose concentrations after oral administration of maltose. The most potent α-glucosidase inhibitor was identified as casuarictin (IC50 of 0.21 μg/mL). Casuarictin bound competitively to α-glucosidase, occupying not only the catalytic site but also forming strong hydrogen bonds with α-glucosidase residues. Therefore, casuarictin derived from MDL fruits might be used as novel α-glucosidase inhibitor in functional foods or Other dietary products.

Keywords
Casuarictin; Melastoma dodecandrum Lour. fruits; Postprandial blood glucose; UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS; α-Glucosidase.
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