Pyrrole-2-carboxaldehydes: Origins and Physiological Activities

  • Molecules. 2023 Mar 13;28(6):2599. doi: 10.3390/molecules28062599.
Seiichi Matsugo  1  2 ,  Yutaka Nakamura  2
Affiliations
  • 1. Department of Applied Life Sciences, Faculty of Applied Life Science, Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Sciences, Higashijima 260-1, Akiha, Niigata 956-8603, Japan.
  • 2. Kanazawa University, Kakuma, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan.
PMID: 36985566 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062599
Abstract

Pyrrole-2-carboxaldehyde (Py-2-C) derivatives have been isolated from many natural sources, including fungi, Plants (roots, leaves, and seeds), and Microorganisms. The well-known diabetes molecular marker, pyrraline, which is produced after sequential reactions in vivo, has a Py-2-C skeleton. Py-2-Cs can be chemically produced by the strong acid-catalyzed condensation of glucose and Amino Acid Derivatives in vitro. These observations indicate the importance of the Py-2-C skeleton in vivo and suggest that molecules containing this skeleton have various biological functions. In this review, we have summarized Py-2-C derivatives based on their origins. We also discuss the structural characteristics, natural sources, and physiological activities of isolated compounds containing the Py-2-C group.

Keywords
fungi; natural product; physiological activity; plant; pyrrole-2-carboxaldehyde (Py-2-C); structure–activity relationship.
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