Nicotinamide riboside attenuates myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury via regulating SIRT3/SOD2 signaling pathway

Ischemic heart disease invariably leads to devastating damage to human health. Nicotinamide ribose (NR), as one of the precursors of NAD⁺ synthesis, has been discovered to exert a protective role in various neurological and cardiovascular disorders. Our findings demonstrated that pretreatment with 200 mg/kg NR for 3 h significantly reduced myocardial infarct area, decreased levels of CK-MB and LDH in serum, and improved cardiac function in the rats during myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. Meanwhile, 0.5 mM NR also effectively increased the viability and decreased the LDH release of H9c2 cells during OGD/R. We had provided evidence that NR pretreatment could decrease mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species (mtROS) production and MDA content, and enhance SOD activity, thereby mitigating mitochondrial damage and inhibiting Apoptosis during myocardial I/R injury. Further investigations revealed that NR increased NAD⁺ content and upregulated SIRT3 protein expression in myocardium. Through using of SIRT3 small interfering RNA and the SIRT3 deacetylase activity inhibitor 3-TYP, we had confirmed that the cardioprotective effect of NR on cardiomyocytes was largely dependent on the inhibition of mitochondrial oxidative stress via SIRT3-SOD2 axis. Overall, our study suggested that exogenous supplementation with NR mitigated mitochondrial damage and inhibited Apoptosis during myocardial I/R injury by reducing mitochondrial oxidative stress via SIRT3-SOD2-mtROS pathway.