Art. -Nr.: HY-N7143

Monobutyl phthalate

Name: Monobutyl phthalate
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SKU: HY-N7143
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5 Cited Publications

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Monobutyl phthalate is an orally active metabolite of Di-n-butyl phthalate (HY-Y0304) and an embryotoxic agent. Monobutyl phthalate regulates mesodermal lineage gene expression, inhibits uterine decidualization, reduces fetal testosterone levels without directly binding to the androgen receptor, and induces teratogenic effects during organogenesis. Monobutyl phthalate induces testicular oxidative stress and sperm abnormalities. Monobutyl phthalate can be used in studies of developmental toxicity and male reproductive toxicity.

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Reinheit : 99.72%
CAS. Nr.: 131-70-4
Formel: C₁₂H₁₄O₄
Molecular Weight:222.24

Speicherung:

Powder -20°C, 3 years , 4°C, 2 years ; In solvent -80°C, 6 months , -20°C, 1 month

Monobutyl phthalate Chemical Structure

CAS. Nr.: 131-70-4

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Biologische Aktivität
- Beschreibung
- Cellular Effect
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
Chemical Information
Publications (5)
Lösungsmittel & Löslichkeit
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
Reinheit & Dokumentation
Verweise
Help & FAQs
Classifications
Bioz

Biologische Aktivität

Beschreibung

Cellular Effect

Cell Line	Type	Value	Description	References
Vero	CC₅₀	340.1 μM Compound: 92	Cytotoxicity against African green monkey Vero cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 4 days by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against African green monkey Vero cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 4 days by MTT assay	[PMID: 28689975]

In Vitro

Monobutyl phthalate (0.045-4.5 mM; from suspension culture to day 10 of differentiation) inhibits cardiomyocyte differentiation of mouse D3 ESCs, with an ID₅₀ of 1.35 mM^[1].
Monobutyl phthalate (1.35 mM) only causes a slight decrease in the viability of cells derived from mouse D3 ESCs, with a remaining viability of over 90% relative to the control group^[1].
Monobutyl phthalate (1.35 mM) upregulates gene sets associated with pluripotency, proliferation, and non-mesodermal differentiation in differentiating mouse D3 ESC embryoid bodies, while specifically downregulating the early cardiomyocyte differentiation gene set 'VAN DARTEL HEARTDIFF 24H', indicating inhibition of mesodermal cardiomyocyte differentiation at the transcriptional level^[1].
Monobutyl phthalate (96 h) induces cytotoxicity and inhibits chondrogenic differentiation in limb bud cells of Wistar rat embryos on gestation day 12.5 in a concentration-dependent manner, with an IC₅₀ of 1.38 mM for cytotoxicity and an IC₅₀ of 0.64 mM for differentiation inhibition^[3].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Cell Viability Assay^[1]

Cell Line:

mouse D3 embryonic stem cell-derived embryoid body cells
Concentration:

1.35 mM
Incubation Time:

concurrent with the differentiation assay timeframe starting from day 3 EB stage
Result:

Measured cell viability via resazurin reduction assay to be 90.7% relative to control, indicating minimal cytotoxicity.

In Vivo

Oxidative StressOthers

Oxidative Stress

Monobutyl phthalate (25-200 mg/kg; p.o.; once daily; 14 days) induces dose-dependent testicular toxicity in male Balb/c mice, with 200 mg/kg causing severe seminiferous tubule degeneration, 27.3% elevated ROS, 28.3% elevated MDA, and significant down-regulation of Sox9 and Dazl mRNA^[4].

Others

Monobutyl phthalate (250-1000 mg/kg; p.o.; daily; days 0-8 of pregnancy) administered during early pregnancy (days 0-8) at 1000 mg/kg induces pre- and postimplantation embryonic loss, and at 500 mg/kg and higher reduces fetal weight and maternal weight gain/food consumption^[2].
Monobutyl phthalate (250-1000 mg/kg; p.o.; daily; days 0-8 of pseudopregnancy) at 1000 mg/kg suppresses uterine decidualization in pseudopregnant rats^[2].
Monobutyl phthalate (500-750 mg/kg; p.o.; daily for 3 consecutive days; on either days 7-9, 10-12, or 13-15 of pregnancy) exerts phase-specific teratogenic effects in rats, with susceptibility windows on days 7-9 and 13-15 of pregnancy, inducing distinct patterns of external and skeletal malformations^[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Model:

Wistar rats (female; pregnant)^[2]
Dosage:

250, 500, 750, 1000 mg/kg
Administration:

p.o.; daily; days 0-8 of pregnancy
Result:

Significantly lowered maternal body weight gain and food consumption on days 0-9 of pregnancy at 500 mg/kg and higher.
Significantly increased incidences of preimplantation and postimplantation embryonic loss at 1000 mg/kg.
Significantly lower body weight of live fetuses at 500 mg/kg and higher.

Animal Model:

Wistar rats (female; pseudopregnant)^[2]
Dosage:

250, 500, 750, 1000 mg/kg
Administration:

p.o.; daily; days 0-8 of pseudopregnancy
Result:

Significantly decreased uterine weight on day 9 of pseudopregnancy at 1000 mg/kg, indicating suppression of uterine decidualization.

Animal Model:

Wistar rats (female; pregnant)^[2]
Dosage:

500, 625, 750 mg/kg
Administration:

p.o.; daily for 3 consecutive days; on either days 7-9, 10-12, or 13-15 of pregnancy
Result:

Significantly increased incidence of postimplantation embryonic loss with administration on days 7-9 and days 10-12 at 625 mg/kg and higher, and on days 13-15 at 500 mg/kg and higher.
Significantly increased incidence of fetuses with external malformations after administration on days 7-9 and on days 13-15 at 625 mg/kg and higher.
Significantly increased incidence of fetuses with skeletal malformations with administration on days 7-9 at 500 mg/kg and higher and on days 13-15 at 625 mg/kg and higher.
Cervical vertebrae deformity was frequent after days 7-9 exposure; cleft palate and sternebrae fusion were exclusively found after days 13-15 exposure.
No teratogenicity was detected following days 10-12 administration.

Animal Model:

Balb/c (male; 6-7 weeks old; 20-25 g; specific pathogen-free)^[4]
Dosage:

25 mg/kg; 50 mg/kg; 100 mg/kg; 200 mg/kg
Administration:

p.o.; once daily; 14 days
Result:

Reduced body weight at 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg, with 200 mg/kg producing a final body weight of 21.02 g and a weight change of -9.82%.
Did not significantly alter testis coefficient.
Decreased sperm count in a dose-dependent manner (correlation coefficient r = 0.9917), with significant reductions at 100 and 200 mg/kg.
Increased sperm malformation rate with dose, reaching 12.8% at 100 mg/kg and 13.6% at 200 mg/kg.
Caused no obvious testicular changes at 25 mg/kg, mild testicular changes at 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg, and severe histopathological changes including seminiferous tubule degeneration, loss of spermatogenic cells and Sertoli cells, and oligozoospermia in seminiferous tubule lumina at 200 mg/kg.
Significantly increased testicular reactive oxygen species levels by 27.3% and testicular malondialdehyde content by 28.3% at 200 mg/kg.
Decreased glutathione levels in all exposure groups but not significantly.
Significantly decreased Sox9 and Dazl mRNA levels in the 200 mg/kg group.
Showed a slight decreasing trend in Dmrt1 mRNA levels but no significant alteration at any dose.

Related Protocols :

Chemical Information

CAS. Nr. 131-70-4
Appearance Solid
Molecular Weight 222.24
Formel C₁₂H₁₄O₄
Color White to off-white
SMILES

O=C(O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(OCCCC)=O
Structure Classification
- Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids
Initial Source
- Endogenous metabolite
Versand

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Speicherung

Powder	-20°C	3 years
	4°C	2 years
In solvent	-80°C	6 months
	-20°C	1 month

Publications (5)

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Journal Impact Factor

Environ Pollut

Glycine ameliorates MBP-induced meiotic abnormalities and apoptosis by regulating mitochondrial-endoplasmic reticulum interactions in porcine oocytes. [Abstract]

2022 Sep 15:309:119756. PMID: 35839969
Reprod Toxicol

Effects of Glycine on epigenetic modification and early embryonic development in porcine oocytes exposed to monobutyl phthalate. [Abstract]

2024 Oct:129:108684. PMID: 39127149
Food Chem Toxicol

Integrated network toxicology and transcriptomics analysis reveals the pathogenic mechanisms in DBP/MBP-induced MASLD/MASH. [Abstract]

2026 Jun:212:116039. PMID: 41771476
Reprod Sci

DBP Exposure Affects Oocyte Fertilization Via Extracellular Vesicles-Derived miR-116-5p in Ovarian Granulosa Cells Through Downregulating FOXO3a Expression. [Abstract]

2024 Dec;31(12):3858-3869. PMID: 38858331
J Toxicol Sci

The mechanism of monobutyl phthalate -induced ferroptosis via TNF/IL6/STAT3 signal pathway in TM-3 cells. [Abstract]

2023;48(5):299-310. PMID: 37121744

Lösungsmittel & Löslichkeit

In Vitro:

DMSO : 100 mg/mL (449.96 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Preparing Stock Solutions

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Concentration Solvent Mass

1 mg

5 mg

10 mg

Concentration

Solvent

Mass

1 mM

4.4996 mL

22.4982 mL

44.9964 mL

5 mM

0.8999 mL

4.4996 mL

8.9993 mL

10 mM

0.4500 mL

2.2498 mL

4.4996 mL

Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

Molaritätsrechner

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass Mass

Konzentration Konzentration

Volumen Volumen

Molecular Weight Molecular Weight

Verdünnungsrechner

Konzentration _{(Stammlösung)} × Volumen _{(Stammlösung)} = Konzentration _{(Ziellösung)} × Volumen _{(Ziellösung)}

Konzentration _{(Stammlösung)} Konzentration _{(Stammlösung)}

Volumen _{(Stammlösung)} Volumen _{(Stammlösung)}

Konzentration _{(Ziellösung)} Konzentration _{(Ziellösung)}

Volumen _{(Ziellösung)} Volumen _{(Ziellösung)}

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

Stock Solution Working Solution

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

Protocol 1

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline

Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (11.25 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

Protocol 2

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (11.25 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

Protocol 3

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% Corn Oil

Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (11.25 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown). If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL Corn oil, and mix evenly.

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator

Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage Dosage
mg/kg
Animal Weight (Per Animal) Animal Weight (Per Animal)
g
Dosing Volume (Per Animal) Dosing Volume (Per Animal)
μL
Number of Animals Number of Animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Please enter your animal formula composition:

%
DMSO +

Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
%
+
+
%
Tween-80 + +
%
Saline +

The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).

Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL

Reinheit & Dokumentation

Select Batch:

Reinheit: 99.98%

Assay: 99.98%

ee.: 99.98%

Data Sheet (292 KB)
SDS (393 KB)
- English - EN (393 KB)
- Français - FR (393 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (393 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (393 KB)
- Español - ES (393 KB)
- Swedish - SV (393 KB)
- Italian - IT (393 KB)
- Korean - KR (393 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (393 KB)
COA (2659 KB)
Elemental Analysis Report (2659 KB)
HNMR (2659 KB)
CNMR (2659 KB)
RP-HPLC (2659 KB)
NP-HPLC (2659 KB)
MS (2659 KB)
LCMS (2659 KB)
IR (2659 KB)
GC (2659 KB)
OR (2659 KB)
SDS-PAGE (2659 KB)
SEC-HPLC (2659 KB)
Other Report (2659 KB)
Handling Instructions (2659 KB)

Verweise

[1]. van Dartel DA, et al. Early gene expression changes during embryonic stem cell differentiation into cardiomyocytes and their modulation by monobutyl phthalate. Reproductive toxicology (Elmsford, N.Y.). 2009 Apr;27(2):93-102. [Content Brief]

[2]. Ema M, et al. Antiandrogenic effects of dibutyl phthalate and its metabolite, monobutyl phthalate, in rats. Congenital anomalies. 2002 Dec;42(4):297-308. [Content Brief]

[3]. Kim SH, et al. Effects of dibutyl phthalate and monobutyl phthalate on cytotoxicity and differentiation in cultured rat embryonic limb bud cells; protection by antioxidants. J Toxicol Environ Health A. 2002 Mar;65(5-6):461-72.

[4]. Du J, et al. Mono-butyl phthalate-induced mouse testis injury is associated with oxidative stress and down-regulated expression of Sox9 and Dazl. The Journal of toxicological sciences. 2017;42(3):319-328.

Help & FAQs

How should lyophilized recombinant proteins be reconstituted and stored?

1. Before opening the cap, centrifuge the vial at 13000 rpm for 20-30 seconds. This step will ensure that any lyophilized powder that may have adhered to the cap or walls is collected at the bottom of the vial, minimizing the risk of product loss.

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

Optional Solvent	Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg	25 mg
DMSO	1 mM	4.4996 mL	22.4982 mL	44.9964 mL	112.4910 mL
	5 mM	0.8999 mL	4.4996 mL	8.9993 mL	22.4982 mL
	10 mM	0.4500 mL	2.2498 mL	4.4996 mL	11.2491 mL
	15 mM	0.3000 mL	1.4999 mL	2.9998 mL	7.4994 mL
	20 mM	0.2250 mL	1.1249 mL	2.2498 mL	5.6245 mL
	25 mM	0.1800 mL	0.8999 mL	1.7999 mL	4.4996 mL
	30 mM	0.1500 mL	0.7499 mL	1.4999 mL	3.7497 mL
	40 mM	0.1125 mL	0.5625 mL	1.1249 mL	2.8123 mL
	50 mM	0.0900 mL	0.4500 mL	0.8999 mL	2.2498 mL
	60 mM	0.0750 mL	0.3750 mL	0.7499 mL	1.8748 mL
	80 mM	0.0562 mL	0.2812 mL	0.5625 mL	1.4061 mL
	100 mM	0.0450 mL	0.2250 mL	0.4500 mL	1.1249 mL

Bioz

Keywords

Monobutyl phthalate

5 Cited Publications

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Monobutyl phthalate

Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Monobutyl phthalate