Cat. No.: HY-B1829

Dexamethasone phosphate

(Synonyms: Dexamethasone 21-phosphate)

11 Cited Publications

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Based on 11 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Dexamethasone phosphate (Dexamethasone 21-phosphate) is a prodrug form of the glucocorticoid Dexamethasone (HY-14648). Dexamethasone phosphate is prepared by introducing a phosphate ester group to the hydroxyl group at position 21 of the Dexamethasone molecule. Dexamethasone phosphate inhibits LPS (HY-D1056)-induced degradation of IRAK-1 and IRAK-4, and blocks LPS-induced activation of TRAF6, p-TAK1 and p-JNK. Dexamethasone phosphate inhibits the secretion of RANTES, TGF-β1 and NO, promotes the production of MIP-1α and IL-10, and blocks microglial migration. Dexamethasone phosphate is almost completely converted to Dexamethasone in rat blood, and supports transdermal delivery via iontophoresis. Dexamethasone phosphate can be used in research related to steroid-dependent ulcerative colitis, chemotherapy-induced vomiting, allergic asthma and acute colitis (inflammatory bowel disease).

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Pureté: 98.89%
CAS No.: 312-93-6
Formule: C₂₂H₃₀FO₈P
Masse moléculaire:472.44

Stockage:

-20°C, stored under nitrogen

* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (stored under nitrogen)

Dexamethasone phosphate Chemical Structure

CAS No.: 312-93-6

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Activité biologique
- Description
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
- Essai clinique
Chemical Information
Publications (11)
Solvant et solubilité
- In Vitro
Pureté et documentation
Références
Help & FAQs
Classifications
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Activité biologique

Description

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In Vitro

Dexamethasone phosphate (1, 2, 4 μM; 23 h) does not induce cytotoxicity in BV-2 microglial cells^[1].
Dexamethasone phosphate (1, 2, 4 μM; 3 h pre-incubation, followed by 24 h LPS co-incubation) dampens LPS-induced secretion of RANTES, TGF-β1, and NO in BV-2 microglial cells, while dexamethasone phosphate (4 μM; 24 h incubation alone) has no inhibitory effect on these mediators^[1].
Dexamethasone phosphate (4 μM; 3 h pre-incubation, followed by 24 h LPS co-incubation) increases LPS-reduced production of IL-10 and MIP-1α in BV-2 microglial cells, while dexamethasone phosphate (4 μM; 24 h incubation alone) reduces IL-10 production in untreated BV-2 microglial cells^[1].
Dexamethasone phosphate (4 μM; 3 h pre-incubation in lower chambers, followed by 18 h LPS co-incubation) mitigates LPS-induced migration of BV-2 microglial cells, while having no effect on migration of untreated BV-2 microglial cells when used at 4 μM for 18 h incubation alone^[1].
Dexamethasone phosphate (1, 2, 4 μM; 3 h pre-incubation, followed by 30 min LPS co-incubation) ameliorates LPS-induced degradation of IRAK-1 and IRAK-4, and inhibits LPS-induced activation of TRAF6, p-TAK1, and p-JNK in BV-2 microglial cells^[1].
Dexamethasone phosphate (5×10^-6 M; 5-min intervals at 37°C) undergoes hydrolysis to Dexamethasone free alcohol in human whole blood in vitro with a first-order rate constant of 0.162 hr^-1, which is 25-fold slower than its in vivo conversion rate^[3].
Dexamethasone phosphate (200 μM; 7 h) shows good stability with limited hydrolysis when incubated with human, porcine, or rat dermis for 7 hours, with 72.5-82.2% of the prodrug remaining intact^[4].
Dexamethasone phosphate (50.8-51.8% drug loading; heated at 20 °C min^-1) intercalated into MgAl layered double hydroxides enhances the thermal stability of dexamethasone phosphate disodium, with its decomposition occurring at temperatures higher than those of free sexamethasone phosphate disodium^[5].
Dexamethasone phosphate (50.8-51.8% drug loading) is successfully intercalated into MgAl layered double hydroxides via electrostatic interactions, with no denaturation of the drug molecules, as confirmed by preserved characteristic FT-IR bands and shifted phosphate group vibrations^[5].
Dexamethasone phosphate (1.5 mg/mL; 50 hours) is efficiently encapsulated by the NPA₂ coacervate, which mediates sustained release of the drug over 50 hours in a cell-free in vitro system^[6].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

In Vivo

Dexamethasone phosphate (40 mM; iontophoresis; 0.5 mA cm^-2; 5 hours) administered via cathodal iontophoresis in male Wistar rats achieves rapid, significant systemic Dexamethasone levels^[4].
Dexamethasone phosphate (0.25 mg/kg; i.p.; daily; 8 days) reduces inflammatory cell counts, Th2 cytokine levels, airway hyperresponsiveness, and lung tissue inflammation in ovalbumin-induced asthmatic Sprague-Dawley rats^[5].
Dexamethasone phosphate (1.15 mg per dose; p.o.; on days 1, 3, and 5) via Dexamethasone phosphate coacervate significantly reduces acute colitis severity (mean histopathology score 0.500), restores gut barrier function and microbiota diversity, and lowers systemic drug exposure compared to equivalent Dex-P aqueous solution treatment^[6].
Dexamethasone phosphate (~1.15 mg; p.o.; single administration) via NPA₂ coacervate sustains serum Dexamethasone levels at a lower therapeutic range for over 40 h in healthy rats, reducing systemic drug exposure compared to Dexamethasone phosphate aqueous solution^[6].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Model:

Sprague-Dawley (male, 4 weeks old, 110-130 g, specific-pathogen-free, ovalbumin-sensitized and challenged asthma model)^[5]
Dosage:

0.25 mg/kg
Administration:

i.p.; daily; 8 days
Result:

Reduced the number of inflammatory cells (eosinophils, macrophages, neutrophils) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid.
Suppressed ovalbumin-induced elevations in IL-4 and IL-13 cytokine levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid.
Inhibited airway hyperresponsiveness to methacholine (with pulmonary resistance reduced compared to untreated ovalbumin-challenged rats).
Reduced peribronchial and perivascular inflammatory cell infiltration and airway wall thickness compared to untreated ovalbumin-challenged rats.
Showed lower efficacy across all measured endpoints compared to the intercalated Dexa-LDHs formulation.

Animal Model:

Sprague Dawley (SD) (female, 8-12 weeks, 200-300 g, acute colitis induced by 4.5% dextran sulfate sodium in drinking water for 7 days)^[6]
Dosage:

1.15 mg per dose
Administration:

p.o.; on days 1, 3, and 5
Result:

Significantly alleviated colonic edema and diarrhea, with a lower colon (cecum) weight/length ratio compared to untreated colitic rats and rats treated with Dex-P aqueous solution.
Reduced mean histopathology score to 0.500, significantly lower than 3.000 in untreated colitic rats and 1.917 in rats treated with Dex-P aqueous solution.
Significantly reduced colonic myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity compared to untreated colitic rats.
Restored mRNA levels of tight junction-associated proteins ZO-1 and occludin-1 to levels closer to healthy rats, with significantly higher expression than untreated colitic rats and rats treated with Dex-P aqueous solution.
Significantly reduced local mRNA levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF compared to untreated colitic rats and rats treated with Dex-P aqueous solution.
Promoted anti-inflammatory M2 macrophage polarization (increased CD206 staining) and reduced pro-inflammatory M1 macrophage polarization (decreased iNOS staining), with significantly higher IL-10 levels and lower IL-1β/IL-6 levels than untreated colitic rats and rats treated with Dex-P aqueous solution.
Increased gut bacterial richness (observed operational taxonomic units, OTUs) and diversity (Chao and Shannon indices) compared to untreated colitic rats and rats treated with Dex-P aqueous solution, with gut microbiota composition clustering closely with healthy rats.
Sustained serum dexamethasone concentrations at a lower therapeutic level for over 40 h, with significantly lower peak serum levels than rats treated with Dex-P aqueous solution.

Essai clinique

NCT Number	Sponsor	Condition	Start Date	Phase A549
NCT01329991	Plexxikon\|		2011-05	PHASE1

Chemical Information

CAS No. 312-93-6
Appearance Solid
Masse moléculaire 472.44
Formule C₂₂H₃₀FO₈P
Color White to off-white
SMILES

O=C1C=C[C@@]2(C)C(CC[C@]3([H])[C@]2(F)[C@@H](O)C[C@@]4(C)[C@@]3([H])C[C@@H](C)[C@]4(O)C(COP(O)(O)=O)=O)=C1
Synonyms

Dexamethasone 21-phosphate
Livraison

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Stockage

-20°C, stored under nitrogen

* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (stored under nitrogen)

Publications (11)

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Journal Impact Factor

Nat Commun

Nanoparticle-assembled bioadhesive coacervate coating with prolonged gastrointestinal retention for inflammatory bowel disease therapy. [Abstract]

2021 Dec 9;12(1):7162. PMID: 34887414
Adv Sci (Weinh)

Emodin Alleviates Sepsis-Induced Multiorgan Damage by Inhibiting NETosis through Targeting Neutrophils BCL-10. [Abstract]

2025 Aug 8:e17129. PMID: 40779122

Dexamethasone phosphate purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Adv Sci (Weinh). 2025 Aug 8:e17129. [Abstract]

DXMS (2 mg/kg; twice daily; ip). Kaplan-Meier survival curves over a 7-day period comparing the Sham, CLP septic group, Emodin treatment group, and DXMS treatment group.

Dexamethasone phosphate purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Adv Sci (Weinh). 2025 Aug 8:e17129. [Abstract]

DXMS (2 mg/kg; twice daily; ip). Histopathological images showing tissue morphology and injury in the lung, liver, spleen, and kidney across the four experimental groups.
Biomaterials

Polymer-based gene-drug co-delivery system effectively inhibits pathologic retinal neovascularization through dual anti-inflammatory and anti-neovascular actions. [Abstract]

2025 Sep 3:326:123680. PMID: 40916239
Biomaterials

Single-dose of integrated bilayer microneedles for enhanced hypertrophic scar therapy with rapid anti-inflammatory and sustained inhibition of myofibroblasts. [Abstract]

2025 Jan:312:122742. PMID: 39106821
MedComm

Inhibition of YAP1 activity ameliorates acute lung injury through promotion of M2 macrophage polarization. [Abstract]

2023 Jun 5;4(3):e293. PMID: 37287755

Dexamethasone phosphate purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: MedComm. 2023 Jun 5;4(3):e293. [Abstract]

Dexamethasone phosphate disodium (DXM, 5 mg/kg; i.p.; single dose) significantly alleviated tissue damage in acute lung injury (ALI).
Phytother Res

Chrysophanol Attenuates Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteoporosis by Targeting the E74-Like Factor 5/Osteoglycin-Regulated PI3K/AKT/mTOR Signaling Axis: An In Vitro and In Vivo Study. [Abstract]

2026 Apr;40(4):2143-2165. PMID: 41657040
Biochem Pharmacol

Glucocorticoid impairs angiogenesis-dependent osteogenesis by downregulating EphB4 in endothelial cells. [Abstract]

2025 Dec 2:244:117586. PMID: 41344513

Dexamethasone phosphate purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Biochem Pharmacol. 2025 Dec 2:244:117586. [Abstract]

Masson-stained images of mice tibias. Masson staining indicated a marked decrease in new bone formation in DEX (Dexamethasone phosphate disodium, 1 mg/kg; i.p.; Once daily for 8 weeks)-treated mice.

Dexamethasone phosphate purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Biochem Pharmacol. 2025 Dec 2:244:117586. [Abstract]

DEX (1 μM; 24 h). The mRNA expression levels of p53, p21 and p16 of bone ECs were detected via qRT-PCR.

Dexamethasone phosphate purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Biochem Pharmacol. 2025 Dec 2:244:117586. [Abstract]

DEX (1 μM; 24 h). The protein expression of p53, p21, p16 and GAPDH was detected via Western blot and quantitative analysis.
PLoS Pathog

Screening of different species reveals cat hepatocytes support HBV infection. [Abstract]

2025 Aug 4;21(8):e1013390. PMID: 40758741
Sci Rep

Ptbp1 knockdown induces conversion of rat spinal cord astrocytes into neuron like cells. [Abstract]

2025 Oct 14;15(1):35928. PMID: 41087401

Dexamethasone phosphate purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Sci Rep. 2025 Oct 14;15(1):35928. [Abstract]

Comparison of C3 mRNA levels between non-reactive astrocytes (Lucid), LPS-induced reactive astrocytes (LPS), and Dexamethasone phosphate disodium (DEX, 100 nM; 24 h)-reversed reactive astrocytes (LPS + DEX), with results normalized to the Lucid group (one-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni post hoc test).
NMR Biomed

Therapeutic Effects Assessment in Acute Lung Injury Using Hyperpolarized 129Xe Magnetic Resonance. [Abstract]

2026 Apr;39(4):e70254. PMID: 41790004
J Neuroimmunol

Prior dexamethasone exposure attenuates the therapeutic efficacy of mouse bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by fostering a hostile immunological microenvironment. [Abstract]

2026 Jan 15:410:578814. PMID: 41289704

Solvant et solubilité

In Vitro:

DMSO : 5 mg/mL (10.58 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Preparing Stock Solutions

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Concentration Solvent Mass

1 mg

5 mg

10 mg

Concentration

Solvent

Mass

1 mM

2.1167 mL

10.5834 mL

21.1667 mL

5 mM

0.4233 mL

2.1167 mL

4.2333 mL

10 mM

0.2117 mL

1.0583 mL

2.1167 mL

Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (stored under nitrogen). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

Calculateur de molarité

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

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Pureté et documentation

Select Batch:

Pureté: 99.98%

Assay: 99.98%

ee.: 99.98%

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COA (2659 KB)
Elemental Analysis Report (2659 KB)
HNMR (2659 KB)
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OR (2659 KB)
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Instruction de manipulation (2659 KB)

Références

[1]. Hui B, et al. Dexamethasone sodium phosphate attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced neuroinflammation in microglia BV2 cells. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 2020;393(9):1761-1768. [Content Brief]

[2]. Bossa F, et al. Erythrocytes-mediated delivery of dexamethasone 21-phosphate in steroid-dependent ulcerative colitis: a randomized, double-blind Sham-controlled study. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2013;19(9):1872-1879. [Content Brief]

[3]. Hare LE, et al. Bioavailability of dexamethasone. II. Dexamethasone phosphate. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1975 Sep;18(3):330-7. [Content Brief]

[4]. Cázares-Delgadillo J, et al. Transdermal iontophoresis of dexamethasone sodium phosphate in vitro and in vivo: effect of experimental parameters and skin type on drug stability and transport kinetics. Eur J Pharm Biopharm. 2010;75(2):173-178. [Content Brief]

[5]. Wen-Rui Wang, et al. Dexamethasone sodium phosphate intercalated layered double hydroxides and their therapeutic efficacy in a murine asthma model. RSC Adv., 2015, 5, 23826-23834.

[6]. Zhao P, et al. Nanoparticle-assembled bioadhesive coacervate coating with prolonged gastrointestinal retention for inflammatory bowel disease therapy. Nat Commun. 2021;12(1):7162. Published 2021 Dec 9. [Content Brief]

Help & FAQs

How should lyophilized recombinant proteins be reconstituted and stored?

1. Before opening the cap, centrifuge the vial at 13000 rpm for 20-30 seconds. This step will ensure that any lyophilized powder that may have adhered to the cap or walls is collected at the bottom of the vial, minimizing the risk of product loss.

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Optional Solvent	Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg	25 mg
DMSO	1 mM	2.1167 mL	10.5834 mL	21.1667 mL	52.9168 mL
	5 mM	0.4233 mL	2.1167 mL	4.2333 mL	10.5834 mL
	10 mM	0.2117 mL	1.0583 mL	2.1167 mL	5.2917 mL

Keywords

Dexamethasone phosphate

11 Cited Publications

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Dexamethasone phosphate

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Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Dexamethasone phosphate

Voir tous les produits spécifiques à Isoform TGF-β Receptor

Voir tous les produits spécifiques à Isoform Interleukin Related

Activité biologique

Chemical Information

Publications (11)

Solvant et solubilité

Pureté et documentation

Références

Help & FAQs

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Dexamethasone phosphate Related Classifications

Cat. No.: HY-B1829