I1421
Based on 1 Customer Validation
I1421 is an activator of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) with an EC50 of 64 nM for WT CFTR currents. I1421 also allosterically activates multiple mutants causing cystic fibrosis (CF) with good in vivo potency, with an oral bioavailability of 60% in mice corresponding to a half-life of 75 min. I1421 synergizes with Elexacaftor (HY-111772) to enhance CFTR currents.
For research use only. We do not sell to patients.
- Purity : 99.15%
- CAS No.: 3054995-92-2
- Formula: C18H18FN3O3
- Molecular Weight:343.35
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Storage:Powder -20°C, 3 years , 4°C, 2 years ; In solvent -80°C, 6 months , -20°C, 1 month
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Biological Activity
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Chemical Information
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Solvent & Solubility
- Protocols
- Purity & Documentation
- References
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Help & FAQs
Biological Activity
Description
IC50 & Target
EC50: 64 nM (WT CFTR)[1]
In Vivo
I1421 (3 mg/kg; iv, po; single dose) has a bioavailability of 60% in mice after oral and intravenous injection, but the oral T1/2 is shorter (75 min)[1].
Pharmacokinetic Analysis in C57BL/6 Mice[1]
| Route | Dose (mg/kg) | Tmax (h) | Cmax (ng/mL) | AUClast (ng·h/mL) | T1/2 (h) | CL (mL/min/kg) | Vss (1/kg) | F (%) |
| IP | 10 | 0.25 | 2617 | 2145 | 2.16 | - | - | - |
| PO | 10 | 0.25 | 1181 | 1211 | 1.24 | - | - | 60 |
| SC | 10 | 0.50 | 625 | 1512 | 1.36 | - | - | - |
| IV | 3 | - | 2354 | 610 | 1.78 | 81.51 | 2.49 | - |
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Chemical Information
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CAS No. 3054995-92-2
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Appearance Solid
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Molecular Weight 343.35
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Formula C18H18FN3O3
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Color White to off-white
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SMILES
O=C(N1N=C(N)C2=C1C=C(CO)C=C2)[C@@H](C)COC3=CC=C(F)C=C3
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Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Storage
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month
Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro:
DMSO : 100 mg/mL (291.25 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
In Vivo:
Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.
- For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
- To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
- The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline
Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (7.28 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)
Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (7.28 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:
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Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
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%DMSO +
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
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%+
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+%Tween-80 + +
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%Saline +
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL DMSO. Stock solution concentration: mg/mL.
1. Take μL DMSO stock solution;
2. Add μL .
μL , mix evenly;
3. Then add μL Tween 80, mix evenly;
4. Then add μL
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Protocols
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Fibrosis/Collagen Morphometry
Fibrosis and collagen morphometry is based on the quantitative visualization of fibrillar collagen deposition in tissue sections using histochemical stains such as Sirius Red (Picrosirius Red) or Masson's trichrome, followed by image-based or polarization-enhanced analysis to estimate collagen proportional area as a surrogate of extracellular matrix accumulation during fibrotic remodeling. Sirius Red combined with polarized light microscopy enhances detection of collagen fibers due to birefringence properties, enabling more specific visualization of collagen type I and III fibrils compared to conventional bright-field histology, while whole-section or region-restricted digital morphometry reduces field-selection bias in fibrosis assessment. Alternative quantitative approaches include second harmonic generation (SHG) and two-photon excited fluorescence microscopy, which enable label-free detection of fibrillar collagen and have been validated against histological staining and biochemica
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Collagen: Sirius Red Staining
Sirius Red or picrosirius red staining is a histochemical method for visualizing collagen-rich extracellular matrix in tissue sections, and collagen fibers are detected as red-stained structures under bright-field microscopy with enhanced birefringence under polarized light. Picrosirius red is useful for assessing total collagen organization, distribution, and fibrosis burden, but polarized color should not be interpreted as a definitive collagen type I versus type III readout because color is affected by fiber orientation, thickness, and packing.
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Connective Tissue: Masson's Trichrome/Collagen Trichrome Staining
Masson’s Trichrome (collagen/trichrome staining) is a histological technique that differentially stains tissue compartments using sequential acidic dyes to distinguish collagen from muscle and cytoplasmic components based on dye affinity and tissue permeability differences, enabling visualization of fibrosis and connective tissue architecture in histological sections. The classical formulation typically uses Weigert's iron hematoxylin for nuclear staining, Biebrich scarlet-acid fuchsin for cytoplasm and muscle, and aniline blue (or light green variants) for collagen, producing a characteristic blue/green collagen signal contrasted against red cytoplasm and dark nuclei. The staining principle relies on selective displacement of smaller dye molecules by larger anionic dyes in collagen-rich regions under controlled acidified conditions, which enhances collagen-specific dye retention. This property makes the method widely used for fibrosis assessment in organs such as heart, liver, lung, a
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Protocol for Pharmacokinetic Study
Pharmacokinetic studies quantify how an organism handles a drug over time through absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion, and the core experimental readout is the concentration-time profile of parent drug and, when relevant, metabolites in biological matrices such as plasma, whole blood, urine, bile, or tissue. Pharmacokinetic analysis links dose, route, exposure, clearance, half-life, distribution, bioavailability, and systemic exposure to drug efficacy and toxicity hypotheses rather than measuring a signaling pathway directly. The literature links pharmacokinetics to drug-development phenotypes by showing that drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics influence compound progression, exposure-response interpretation, safety margins, dosing strategy, and failure risk during discovery and development. DMPK science contributes to compound optimization by integrating physicochemical properties, in vitro metabolism, transporter behavior, in vivo exposure, and pharmacodynamic contex
Purity & Documentation
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Data Sheet (276 KB)
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SDS (251 KB)
- English - EN (251 KB)
- Français - FR (251 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (251 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (251 KB)
- Español - ES (251 KB)
- Swedish - SV (251 KB)
- Italian - IT (251 KB)
- Korean - KR (251 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (251 KB)
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Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
| Optional Solvent | Concentration Solvent Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 25 mg |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DMSO | 1 mM | 2.9125 mL | 14.5624 mL | 29.1248 mL | 72.8120 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.5825 mL | 2.9125 mL | 5.8250 mL | 14.5624 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2912 mL | 1.4562 mL | 2.9125 mL | 7.2812 mL | |
| 15 mM | 0.1942 mL | 0.9708 mL | 1.9417 mL | 4.8541 mL | |
| 20 mM | 0.1456 mL | 0.7281 mL | 1.4562 mL | 3.6406 mL | |
| 25 mM | 0.1165 mL | 0.5825 mL | 1.1650 mL | 2.9125 mL | |
| 30 mM | 0.0971 mL | 0.4854 mL | 0.9708 mL | 2.4271 mL | |
| 40 mM | 0.0728 mL | 0.3641 mL | 0.7281 mL | 1.8203 mL | |
| 50 mM | 0.0582 mL | 0.2912 mL | 0.5825 mL | 1.4562 mL | |
| 60 mM | 0.0485 mL | 0.2427 mL | 0.4854 mL | 1.2135 mL | |
| 80 mM | 0.0364 mL | 0.1820 mL | 0.3641 mL | 0.9101 mL | |
| 100 mM | 0.0291 mL | 0.1456 mL | 0.2912 mL | 0.7281 mL |
I1421 Related Classifications
HY-158991 Related Classifications
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