Bixin
Based on 2 publication(s) in Google Scholar
Bixin is an orally active carotenoid found in the seeds of Bixa orellana. Bixin induces apoptosis in cancer cells. Bixin possessing anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor and anti-oxidant activities. Bixin treatment ameliorated cardiac dysfunction through inhibiting fibrosis, inflammation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation.
연구목적의 판매만을 진행합니다. 환자를 대상으로 한 판매는 하지 않습니다.
- Purity : 98.61%
- CAS No.: 6983-79-5
- 화학식: C25H30O4
- 분자량:394.50
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보관:
4°C, protect from light
* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light)
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Biological Activity
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Chemical Information
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용액&용해도
- Protocol
- 순도&문서
- References
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Help & FAQs
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Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Bixin
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Customer Validation & Images
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IHC
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WB
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IF
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Histological Imaging/Staining
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In Vivo Efficacy Study
Biological Activity
제품 설명
IC50 & Target
ROS generation[1]
In Vitro
Bixin (20-80 μM, 24 h) improves Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) (HY-D1056)-induced fibrosis in H9C2 cells without cytotoxicity[1].
Bixin (20-80 μM, 24 h) reduces inflammation response via TLR4/NF-kB inactivation in H9C2 cells[1].
Bixin (20-80 μM, 24 h) down-regulates ROS production in LPS-induced H9C2 cells via activating Nrf2[1].
Bixin (0-500 μM, 48 h) has anti-proliferative activity on human lung cancer (A549), cervical cancer (HeLa), and breast cancer (MCF-7)[2].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only. Further protocols information, click here.
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Cell Line:H9C2 (Human cardiac muscle cell)
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Concentration:2.5, 5, 10, 20, 80 μM
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Incubation Time:0-72 h
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Result:Showed no significant cytotoxicity to cardiac muscle cells H9C2.
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Cell Line:H9C2 (Human cardiac muscle cell)
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Concentration:20, 40 , 80 μM
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Incubation Time:24 h
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Result:Reduced LPS induction up-regulated fibrosis-related signals expression in a dose-dependent manner. Reduced nuclear factor of activated T cells isoforms c3 (NFATc3), GATA4 and A-type natriuretic peptides (ANP) protein expression levels. Reduced fTLR4, MyD88, p-IKKα, p-IκBα and p-NF-κB expression enhanced by LPS. Reduced fibrosis levels via collagen deposition down-regulation.
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Cell Line:A549, HeLa, and MCF-7
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Concentration:0-500 μM
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Incubation Time:48 h
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Result:Shows profound results on three types of cells, especially HeLa and MCF-7, with the crude extract having greater activity than the isolate. IC50 of crude extract were 185.54, 17.90, and 2.06 μM, while IC50 of isolated were 259.38, 43.87, and 14.38 μM against A549, HeLa, and MCF-7 cells, respectively.
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Cell Line:H9C2 (Human cardiac muscle cell)
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Concentration:20, 40 , 80 μM
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Incubation Time:24 h
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Result:Reversed SOD1, Nrf2, HO-1, CAT and GCLM mRNA levels in H9C2 cells restrained due to LPS treatment in a dose-dependent manner.
In Vivo
Bixin (50-200 mg/kg; p.o.; once a day for 14 weeks) restrains systemic metabolism disorder in high fat diet-induced mice[1].
Bixin (200 mg/kg, p.o.; once a day for 14 weeks) ameliorates high fat diet-induced heart failure in mice[1].
Bixin (50-200 mg/kg; p.o.; once a day for 14 weeks) reduces reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in high fat diet-induced mice due to Nrf2 activation[1].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
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Animal Model:Male, 6-8 weeks, C57BL/6 mice weighed 20-25 g [1]
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Dosage:200 mg/kg
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Administration:Oral gavage (p.o.); once a day for 14 weeks
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Result:Reduced mice heart size induced by high fat feeding from appearance, accompanied with decreased ratio of heart weight to body weight.
Reduced the diameter of myocytes.
Down-regulated fibrosis area in HFD-fed mice.
Reversed left ventricular systolic pressure (LVSP) stimulated by high fat diet.
Displayed suppressive role in controlling the percentage of ejection fraction (EF), fractional shortening (FS), and anterior wall thickness (AWT).
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Animal Model:Male, 6-8 weeks, C57BL/6 mice weighed 20-25 g [1]
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Dosage:50, 100, 200 mg/kg
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Administration:Oral gavage (p.o.); once a day for 14 weeks
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Result:Suppressed the insulin resistance induced by high fat diet (HFD) in a dose-dependent manner.
Reduced body weight caused by high fat diet in a dose-dependent manner.
Showed inhibitory role in low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC), triglyceride (TG) and cholesterol (TC) levels.
Increased high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC) due to HFD in a dose-dependent manner.
Reduced serum endotoxin in dose-dependent manner.
Impeded pro-inflammatory such as cytokines serum IL-1b, TNF-a and IL-18 releasing.
Reduced TLR4 and MyD88 expression from protein levels.
Could reverse HFD-induced heart injury through reducing ROS generation dependent on Nrf2 activation
Clinical Trial
| NCT Number | Sponsor | Condition | Start Date |
Phase
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| NCT01329991 | Plexxikon| | 2011-05 | PHASE1 |
Chemical Information
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CAS No. 6983-79-5
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Appearance Solid
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분자량 394.50
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화학식 C25H30O4
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Color Brown to reddish brown
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SMILES
OC(/C=C/C(C)=C/C=C/C(C)=C/C=C/C=C(C)/C=C/C=C(C)\C=C\C(OC)=O)=O
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Structure Classification
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Initial Source
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선적
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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보관
4°C, protect from light
* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light)
Publications (2)
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Journal Impact Factor
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Most Recent
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Biomed Pharmacother
Bixin prevents tubulointerstitial fibrosis in hyperuricemic nephropathy via promoting PPARγ-NLRP3 interaction. [Abstract]2025 Dec:193:118745. PMID: 41232352
Bixin purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Biomed Pharmacother. 2025 Dec:193:118745. [Abstract]
Representative IHC images of PPARγ in kidneys treated with Bixin (20, 40 mg/kg, i.p.).
Bixin purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Biomed Pharmacother. 2025 Dec:193:118745. [Abstract]
Representative Western blots of PPARγ and quantification of the protein level treated with Bixin (10 μM).
Bixin purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Biomed Pharmacother. 2025 Dec:193:118745. [Abstract]
Representative IF images of NLRP3 (red)/ASC (green)/DAPI (blue) and NLRP3 (green)/csap1 (red)/DAPI (blue) treated with Bixin (10 μM).
Bixin purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Biomed Pharmacother. 2025 Dec:193:118745. [Abstract]
Representative images of HE staining in kidneys treated with Bixin (20, 40 mg/kg, i.p.).
Bixin purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Biomed Pharmacother. 2025 Dec:193:118745. [Abstract]
Dynamic changes of body weight treated with Bixin (20, 40 mg/kg, i.p.).
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용액&용해도
In Vitro:
DMSO : 7.14 mg/mL (18.10 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
In Vivo:
Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.
- For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
- To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
- The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline
Solubility: 0.71 mg/mL (1.80 mM); Suspended solution; Need ultrasonic
This protocol yields a suspended solution of 0.71 mg/mL. Suspended solution can be used for oral and intraperitoneal injection.
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (7.1 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)
Solubility: 0.71 mg/mL (1.80 mM); Suspended solution; Need ultrasonic
This protocol yields a suspended solution of 0.71 mg/mL. Suspended solution can be used for oral and intraperitoneal injection.
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (7.1 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:
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Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
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%DMSO +
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
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%+
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+%Tween-80 + +
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%Saline +
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL DMSO. Stock solution concentration: mg/mL. * In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light)
1. Take μL DMSO stock solution;
2. Add μL .
μL , mix evenly;
3. Then add μL Tween 80, mix evenly;
4. Then add μL
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Protocol
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Fibrosis/Collagen Morphometry
Fibrosis and collagen morphometry is based on the quantitative visualization of fibrillar collagen deposition in tissue sections using histochemical stains such as Sirius Red (Picrosirius Red) or Masson's trichrome, followed by image-based or polarization-enhanced analysis to estimate collagen proportional area as a surrogate of extracellular matrix accumulation during fibrotic remodeling. Sirius Red combined with polarized light microscopy enhances detection of collagen fibers due to birefringence properties, enabling more specific visualization of collagen type I and III fibrils compared to conventional bright-field histology, while whole-section or region-restricted digital morphometry reduces field-selection bias in fibrosis assessment. Alternative quantitative approaches include second harmonic generation (SHG) and two-photon excited fluorescence microscopy, which enable label-free detection of fibrillar collagen and have been validated against histological staining and biochemica
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Collagen: Sirius Red Staining
Sirius Red or picrosirius red staining is a histochemical method for visualizing collagen-rich extracellular matrix in tissue sections, and collagen fibers are detected as red-stained structures under bright-field microscopy with enhanced birefringence under polarized light. Picrosirius red is useful for assessing total collagen organization, distribution, and fibrosis burden, but polarized color should not be interpreted as a definitive collagen type I versus type III readout because color is affected by fiber orientation, thickness, and packing.
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Apoptosis
Apoptosis, also called programmed cell death, is generally characterized by distinct morphological characteristics.
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TUNEL staining for apoptotic DNA fragmentation
TUNEL staining detects DNA strand breaks by using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase to add labeled nucleotides to exposed 3′-OH DNA termini, generating either microscopic staining in fixed cells or tissue sections, or fluorescence/cytometric signal in cell suspensions. TUNEL positivity reflects DNA fragmentation but should not be interpreted alone as definitive apoptosis, because TUNEL can also label necrotic, autolytic, mechanically damaged, or DNA-repair-associated DNA breaks.
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Annexin V plus membrane-impermeant dye apoptosis staining
Annexin V-based apoptosis assays rely on the detection of phosphatidylserine (PS) externalization from the inner leaflet of the plasma membrane to the outer leaflet, an early biochemical hallmark of apoptosis. Fluorescently labeled Annexin V binds PS in a calcium-dependent manner, enabling identification of early apoptotic cells by flow cytometry or fluorescence microscopy. When combined with a membrane-impermeant DNA-binding dye (e. g. , propidium iodide), this approach allows discrimination between viable (Annexin V−/dye−), early apoptotic (Annexin V+/dye−), and late apoptotic or necrotic (Annexin V+/dye+) cell populations by assessing membrane integrity and PS exposure.
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ROS/oxidative-stress fluorescent staining
ROS/oxidative-stress fluorescent staining uses cell-permeant fluorogenic probes that become fluorescent after oxidation inside cells or tissues; commonly used examples include DCFH-DA/DCFDA for broad cellular oxidant detection, DHE for superoxide-related signal detection, MitoSOX for mitochondrial superoxide-related signal detection, and CellROX probes for oxidative-stress-associated fluorescence readouts. The assay detects probe oxidation rather than a single ROS species unless the probe and analysis method have been chemically validated for that species. DCFH-DA enters cells, is deacetylated by intracellular esterases to DCFH, and produces fluorescent DCF after oxidation, so the readout is used as an operational measure of total cellular oxidative stress rather than a species-specific ROS measurement. DHE and MitoSOX can report superoxide-related oxidation, but red fluorescence alone can include non-specific ethidium-like oxidation products; HPLC or optimized spectral approaches are
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Connective Tissue: Masson's Trichrome/Collagen Trichrome Staining
Masson’s Trichrome (collagen/trichrome staining) is a histological technique that differentially stains tissue compartments using sequential acidic dyes to distinguish collagen from muscle and cytoplasmic components based on dye affinity and tissue permeability differences, enabling visualization of fibrosis and connective tissue architecture in histological sections. The classical formulation typically uses Weigert's iron hematoxylin for nuclear staining, Biebrich scarlet-acid fuchsin for cytoplasm and muscle, and aniline blue (or light green variants) for collagen, producing a characteristic blue/green collagen signal contrasted against red cytoplasm and dark nuclei. The staining principle relies on selective displacement of smaller dye molecules by larger anionic dyes in collagen-rich regions under controlled acidified conditions, which enhances collagen-specific dye retention. This property makes the method widely used for fibrosis assessment in organs such as heart, liver, lung, a
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Apoptosis Solutions
Apoptosis is a regulated, generally non-lytic cell-death pathway that removes unwanted, damaged, infected, or abnormal cells through coordinated morphological changes, caspase activation, DNA fragmentation, and membrane remodeling. The intrinsic apoptosis pathway is controlled mainly by mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization, BCL-2 family proteins, cytochrome c release, apoptosome formation, caspase-9 activation, and downstream executioner caspase-3/7 activation. The extrinsic apoptosis pathway is initiated by death receptors such as Fas, TNFR, and TRAIL receptors, which recruit adaptor proteins and activate caspase-8 before engaging executioner caspases or mitochondrial amplification through BID cleavage. Apoptosis is linked to many phenotypes, including cancer cell killing, tissue homeostasis, immune regulation, neurodegeneration, infection response, and treatment-induced cytotoxicity; unresolved questions include how apoptosis interacts with necroptosis, pyroptosis, ferroptos
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Research Protocol for Inflammation-related Diseases
The NLRP3 inflammasome is a cytosolic innate immune signaling platform that integrates priming signals and danger-signal activation to promote caspase-1 activation, maturation of IL-1β and IL-18, and gasdermin D-mediated pyroptotic cell death. The core experimental logic is to determine whether inflammatory disease phenotypes are driven by increased NLRP3 expression, ASC-containing inflammasome assembly, caspase-1 cleavage, GSDMD cleavage, and extracellular release of IL-1β/IL-18 rather than by nonspecific cell injury alone. The pathway is strongly linked to inflammation-related disease phenotypes because monosodium urate crystals activate NALP3/NLRP3 inflammasome signaling in gout-like crystal inflammation, cholesterol crystals activate NLRP3 inflammasomes in atherogenesis models, and DSS-induced intestinal inflammation has been reported to involve NLRP3 inflammasome activity. However, experimental colitis studies also show context-dependent protective effects of NLRP3 inflammasome co
순도&문서
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Data Sheet (277 KB)
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SDS (393 KB)
- English - EN (393 KB)
- Français - FR (393 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (393 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (393 KB)
- Español - ES (393 KB)
- Swedish - SV (393 KB)
- Italian - IT (393 KB)
- Korean - KR (393 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (393 KB)
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Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
[1]. Xu Z, et al. Bixin ameliorates high fat diet-induced cardiac injury in mice through inflammation and oxidative stress suppression. Biomed Pharmacother. 2017 May;89:991-1004. [Content Brief]
[2]. Kusmita L, et al. Bixa orellana L. carotenoids: antiproliferative activity on human lung cancer, breast cancer, and cervical cancer cells in vitro. Nat Prod Res. 2022 Dec;36(24):6421-6427. [Content Brief]
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
| Optional Solvent | Concentration Solvent Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 25 mg |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DMSO | 1 mM | 2.5349 mL | 12.6743 mL | 25.3485 mL | 63.3714 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.5070 mL | 2.5349 mL | 5.0697 mL | 12.6743 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2535 mL | 1.2674 mL | 2.5349 mL | 6.3371 mL | |
| 15 mM | 0.1690 mL | 0.8450 mL | 1.6899 mL | 4.2248 mL |
Bixin Related Classifications
HY-N6884 Related Classifications
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