Chemokine & Receptors
Human CCL5 mRNA encodes the human C-C motif chemokine ligand 5 (CCL5) protein, a member of the CC subfamily, functions as a chemoattractant for blood monocytes, memory T helper cells and eosinophils. CCL5 is one of the major HIV-suppressive factors produced by CD8+ cells. It functions as one of the natural ligands for the chemokine receptor chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 5 (CCR5), and it suppresses in vitro replication of the R5 strains of HIV-1, which use CCR5 as a coreceptor.
Human CCL7 mRNA encodes the human C-C motif chemokine ligand 7 (CCL7) protein, a member of the CC subfamily which is characterized by two adjacent cysteine residues. CCL7 is an in vivo substrate of matrix metalloproteinase 2, an enzyme which degrades components of the extracellular matrix.
Human CCR1 mRNA encodes the human C-C motif chemokine receptor 1 (CCR1) protein, a member of the beta chemokine receptor family. Chemokines and their receptors are critical for the recruitment of effector immune cells to the site of inflammation.
Human CCR10 mRNA encodes the human C-C motif chemokine receptor 10 (CCR10) protein, a member of chemokines which play fundamental roles in the development, homeostasis, and function of the immune system, and they have effects on cells of the central nervous system as well as on endothelial cells involved in angiogenesis or angiostasis.
Human CCR3 mRNA encodes the human C-C motif chemokine receptor 3 (CCR3) protein, a member of G protein-coupled receptors family. CCR3 may contribute to the accumulation and activation of eosinophils and other inflammatory cells in the allergic airway. It is also known to be an entry co-receptor for HIV-1.
Human CCR4 mRNA encodes the human C-C motif chemokine receptor 4 (CCR4) protein, a member of G protein-coupled receptors family. CCR4 is a receptor for the CC chemokine - MIP-1, RANTES, TARC and MCP-1. Chemokines are a group of small polypeptide, structurally related molecules that regulate cell trafficking of various types of leukocytes. The chemokines also play fundamental roles in the development, homeostasis, and function of the immune system, and they have effects on cells of the central nervous system as well as on endothelial cells involved in angiogenesis or angiostasis.
Human CCR5 mRNA encodes the human C-C motif chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) protein, a member of the beta chemokine receptor family. CCR5 is known to be an important co-receptor for macrophage-tropic virus, including HIV, to enter host cells. It may also play a role in granulocyte lineage proliferation and differentiation.
Human CCR8 mRNA encodes the human C-C motif chemokine receptor 8 (CCR8) protein, a member of the beta chemokine receptor family. CCR8 plays a role in regulation of monocyte chemotaxis and thymic cell apoptosis. More specifically, this receptor may contribute to the proper positioning of activated T cells within the antigenic challenge sites and specialized areas of lymphoid tissues.
Human CCR9 mRNA encodes the human C-C motif chemokine receptor 9 (CCR9) protein, a member of the beta chemokine receptor family. CCR9 plays a role in directing immune responses to different segments of the gastrointestinal tract.
Human CCRL2 mRNA encodes the human C-C motif chemokine receptor like 2 (CCRL2) protein, a chemokine receptor like protein. Chemokines and their receptors mediated signal transduction are critical for the recruitment of effector immune cells to the site of inflammation.
Human CXCL12 mRNA encodes the human C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12 (CXCL12) protein, a stromal cell-derived alpha chemokine member of the intercrine family. CXCL12 functions as the ligand for the G-protein coupled receptor, chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 4, and plays a role in many diverse cellular functions, including embryogenesis, immune surveillance, inflammation response, tissue homeostasis, and tumor growth and metastasis.
Human CXCR1 mRNA encodes the human C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 1 (CXCR1) protein, a member of the G-protein-coupled receptor family. CXCR1 is a receptor for interleukin 8 (IL8). It binds to IL8 with high affinity, and transduces the signal through a G-protein activated second messenger system.
Human CXCR2 mRNA encodes the human C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 2 (CXCR2) protein, a member of the G-protein-coupled receptor family. CXCR2 is a receptor for interleukin 8 (IL8). It binds to IL8 with high affinity, and transduces the signal through a G-protein activated second messenger system. This receptor also binds to chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1 (CXCL1/MGSA), a protein with melanoma growth stimulating activity, and has been shown to be a major component required for serum-dependent melanoma cell growth.
Human CXCR3 mRNA encodes the human C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 3 (CXCR3) protein, G protein-coupled receptor. Chemokines bind to CXCR3 protein can induce cellular responses that are involved in leukocyte traffic, integrin activation, cytoskeletal changes and chemotactic migration.
