4-Hexylresorcinol-in duced angiogenesis potential in human endothelial cells

  • Maxillofac Plast Reconstr Surg. 2020 Jun 29;42(1):23. doi: 10.1186/s40902-020-00267-2.
Min-Keun Kim  1 ,  Seong-Gon Kim  1 ,  Suk Keun Lee  2
Affiliations
  • 1. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Dentistry, Gangneung-Wonju National University, and Institute of Oral Science, 123 Chibyun-dong, Gangneung, 210-702 Republic of Korea.
  • 2. Department of Oral Pathology, College of Dentistry, Gangneung-Wonju National University, and Institute of Oral Science, 123 Chibyun-dong, Gangneung, 210-702 Republic of Korea.
PMID: 32642459 DOI: 10.1186/s40902-020-00267-2
Abstract

Background: 4-Hexylresorcinol (4HR) is able to increase angiogenesis. However, its molecular mechanism in the human endothelial cells has not been clarified.

Methods: As endothelial cells are important in angiogenesis, we treated the human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) with 4HR and investigated protein expressional changes by immunoprecipitation high-performance liquid chromatography (IP-HPLC) using 96 antisera.

Results: Here, we found that 4HR upregulated transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)/SMAD/vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling, RAF-B/ERK and p38 signaling, and M2 macrophage polarization pathways. 4HR also increased expression of caspases and subsequent cellular Apoptosis. Mechanistically, 4HR increased TGF-β1 production and subsequent activation of SMADs/VEGFs, RAF-B/ERK and p38 signaling, and M2 macrophage polarization.

Conclusion: Collectively, 4HR activates TGF-β/SMAD/VEGF signaling in endothelial cells and induced vascular regeneration and remodeling for wound healing.

Keywords
4HR; Angiogenesis; HUVEC; IP-HPLC; TGF-β1.
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