Randomised trial evaluating chemotherapy alone or chemotherapy and a novel monoclonal antibody for canine T-cell lymphoma: A multicentre US study

  • Vet Rec Open. 2022 Nov 1;9(1):e49. doi: 10.1002/vro2.49.
Margaret L Musser  1 ,  Craig A Clifford  2 ,  Philip J Bergman  3 ,  Laura S Treml  4 ,  Lydia C Cook McAnulty  5 ,  Elizabeth A McNiel  6 ,  Chad M Johannes  7
Affiliations
  • 1. Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine Lloyd Veterinary Medical Center Ames Iowa USA.
  • 2. Blue Pearl Malvern/Hope Veterinary Specialists Malvern Pennsylvania USA.
  • 3. Department of Clinical Studies VCA, Katonah Bedford Veterinary Center Bedford Hills New York USA.
  • 4. Knoell Animal Health LLC Kansas Missouri USA.
  • 5. Dechra Pharmaceuticals Fort Worth Texas USA.
  • 6. VCA Advanced Veterinary Care Center Fishers Indiana USA.
  • 7. Colorado State University College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Flint Animal Cancer Center Fort Collins CO USA.
PMID: 36329876 DOI: 10.1002/vro2.49
Abstract

Background: Canine peripheral nodal T-cell lymphoma is considered chemotherapy resistant and carries a relatively poor prognosis. Prospective evaluations reporting the impact of chemotherapy on progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival time for dogs with T-cell lymphoma are lacking. This study examined the impact of L-CHOP (L-asparaginase, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, prednisone) chemotherapy or L-CHOP in combination with AT-005, a US Department of Agriculture-licensed caninised monoclonal antibody, on PFS and response rates in dogs with clinical intermediate- and high-grade peripheral nodal T-cell lymphoma.

Methods: A prospective, randomised, placebo-controlled, investigator- and owner-blinded, multicentre study was completed. All dogs received a 19-week L-CHOP chemotherapy protocol with randomisation (1:1) into placebo or AT-005 groups. Response was evaluated via the Veterinary Cooperative Oncology Group criteria for canine lymphoma.

Results: Forty-nine dogs were enrolled (25 received placebo and 24 received AT-005). Most demographic factors were similar between the two groups, with the exception that more dogs with stage IV and V disease were treated with AT-005 (34% vs. 8%; p = 0.03). Median PFS was 103 days (95% confidence interval [CI], 56-118) in the placebo group versus 64 days (95% CI, 36-118) in the AT-005 group. The overall response rate (ORR) for all dogs was 98% (48 of 49); complete response rate in the placebo group (64%) was not different from the AT-005 group (67%).

Conclusions: To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first prospective study to document that treatment with L-CHOP chemotherapy, with or without AT-005, may result in a high ORR, but relatively brief PFS in dogs with clinical intermediate- and high-grade T-cell lymphoma.

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