Ovarian cancer-derived TGF-β1 induces cancer-associated adipocytes formation by activating SMAD3/TRIB3 pathway to establish pre-metastatic niche

  • Cell Death Dis. 2024 Dec 24;15(12):930. doi: 10.1038/s41419-024-07311-3.
Tian Gao  #  1  2 ,  Jibin Li  #  3 ,  Tianyi Cheng  #  2 ,  Xingguo Wang  2 ,  Mengqing Wang  2 ,  Zhiyang Xu  2 ,  Yang Mu  2 ,  Xianli He  4 ,  Jinliang Xing  5 ,  Shujuan Liu  6
Affiliations
  • 1. Department of General Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, China.
  • 2. Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
  • 3. State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers and Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
  • 4. Department of General Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, China. [email protected].
  • 5. State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers and Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China. [email protected].
  • 6. Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China. [email protected].
  • # Contributed equally.
PMID: 39719444 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-07311-3
Abstract

Ovarian Cancer (OC) is prone to adipose tissue metastasis. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain elusive. Here, we observed that omental adipocytes were induced into cancer-associated adipocytes (CAAs) by OC-derived TGF-β1 to establish a pre-metastatic niche (PMN) through Collagen and fibronectin secretion. Mechanistically, OC-derived TGF-β1 binds to adipocyte membrane receptors and thus activates intracellular signaling by SMAD3 phosphorylation. The activation of TGF-β1/SMAD3 signaling pathway dedifferentiates adipocytes into CAAs by upregulating Tribbles homolog 3 (TRIB3), which suppresses the phosphorylation of CEBPβ. Additionally, CAAs secrete Collagen I, Collagen VI, and fibronectin to remodel the extracellular matrix and promote the adhesion of OC cells. Pharmacological inhibition of the TGF-β1/SMAD3 pathway significantly inhibits CAAs and PMN formation, thereby reducing the OC metastatic burden. Our findings indicate that the formation of CAAs and PMN in adipose tissues facilitates OC cell implantation and blocking the TGF-β1/SMAD3 signaling pathway could prevent OC omental metastasis.

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