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M2

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Inhibitors & Agonists

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GMP Molecules

Cat. No.	Product Name	Target	Research Areas	Chemical Structure

HY-103617

PKM2-IN-1 25+ Cited Publications	Pyruvate Kinase	Cancer
PKM2-IN-1 (compound 3k) is a pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) inhibitor with an IC₅₀ of 2.95 μM .

HY-10082

Triapine 5+ Cited Publications 3-AP; PAN-811; OCX191	DNA/RNA Synthesis	Cancer
Triapine (3-AP; PAN-811) is a potent inhibitor of the M2 subunit of ribonucleotide reductase (RR), and is a potent radiosensitizer.

HY-A0030

Fesoterodine fumarate	mAChR	Neurological Disease Metabolic Disease Cancer
Fesoterodine Fumarate is an orally active, nonsubtype selective, competitive muscarinic receptor (mAChR) antagonist with pK_i values of 8.0, 7.7, 7.4, 7.3, 7.5 for M1, M2, M3, M4, M5 receptors, respectively. Fesoterodine Fumarate is used for the overactive bladder (OAB) ^[2].

HY-A0034

Solifenacin 3 Publications Verification YM905 free base	mAChR	Neurological Disease Cancer
Solifenacin (YM905 free base) is a novel muscarinic receptor antagonist with pK_is of 7.6, 6.9 and 8.0 for M₁, M₂ and M₃ receptors, respectively.

HY-B2116

Osalmid 2 Publications Verification Oxaphenamide; 4'-Hydroxysalicylanilide	Environmental Pollutants HBV	Infection Cancer
Osalmid is a ribonucleotide reductase small subunit M2 (RRM2) targeting compound; suppresses ribonucleotide reductase activity with an IC₅₀ of 8.23 μM.

HY-A0002

Solifenacin Succinate 3 Publications Verification YM905	mAChR	Neurological Disease Cancer
Solifenacin Succinate (YM905) is a novel muscarinic receptor antagonist with pK_is of 7.6, 6.9 and 8.0 for M₁, M₂ and M₃ receptors, respectively.

HY-101381

Otenzepad 2 Publications Verification AF-DX 116	mAChR	Neurological Disease Metabolic Disease
Otenzepad (AF-DX 116) is a selective and competitive M2 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist, with IC₅₀ values of 640 nM and 386 nM for rabbit peripheral lung and rat heart, respectively .

HY-B0338A

Rimantadine hydrochloride	Influenza Virus Autophagy	Infection
Rimantadine hydrochloride (Flumadine hydrochloride) is an orally active inhibitor for M2 protein, that blocks the hydrogen ion channel activity, prevents the entry and replication of the virus, and exhibits board-spectrum antiviral activity .

HY-128669

Abemaciclib metabolite M2 2 Publications Verification LSN2839567	CDK Drug Metabolite	Cancer
Abemaciclib metabolite M2 (LSN2839567) is a metabolite of Abemaciclib, acts as a potent CDK4 and CDK6 inhibitor, with IC₅₀s of 1.2 and 1.3 nM, respectively. Anti-cancer activity ^[2].

HY-B1076

Medrysone 1 Publications Verification HMS; 6α-Methyl-11β-hydroxyprogesterone	VEGFR CCR STAT	Neurological Disease
Medrysone (HMS; 6α-Methyl-11β-hydroxyprogesterone) is a STAT6 modulator and M2 macrophage polarization inducer. Medrysone enhances IL-4-triggered STAT6 activation, upregulates the expression of M2 markers, and promotes the secretion of VEGF and *CCL2. Medrysone also enhances the pro-migratory activity of M2-like* macrophages toward endothelial cells. By regulating macrophage polarization and related repair pathways, Medrysone significantly promotes corneal wound repair in a rat mechanical injury model. Medrysone can be used for research related to corneal injury .

HY-112358

GW8510	CDK	Neurological Disease Cancer
GW8510 is a potent cyclin-dependent kinase-2 (CDK2) inhibitor. GW8510 is also a ribonucleotide reductase M2 (RRM2) inhibitor. GW8510 exhibits neuroprotective and anticancer activities ^[2] .

HY-N3963

Gomisin M2 (+)-Gomisin M2	HIV	Infection Neurological Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
Gomisin M2 ((+)-Gomisin M2) is a lignan isolated from the fruits of Schisandra rubriflora with anti-HIV activity (EC₅₀ of 2.4 μM). Gomisin M2 exhibits anti-cancer and anti-allergic activities and has the potential for Alzheimer’s disease research ^[2].

HY-15885

LY2119620	mAChR	Neurological Disease
LY2119620 is a high-affinity muscarinic M₂/M₄ receptor agonist.

HY-70053

Fesoterodine	mAChR	Neurological Disease Metabolic Disease
Fesoterodine is an orally active, nonsubtype selective, competitive muscarinic receptor (mAChR) antagonist with pK_i values of 8.0, 7.7, 7.4, 7.3, 7.5 for M1, M2, M3, M4, M5 receptors, respectively. Fesoterodine is used for the overactive bladder (OAB) ^[2].

HY-P99236

Bexmarilimab 1 Publications Verification FP-1305	Transmembrane Glycoprotein	Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
Bexmarilimab (FP-1305) is a potent humanized anti-CLEVER-1 IgG4 antibody with an IC₅₀ value of 4.51 nM. Bexmarilimab is capable of inducing a phenotypic M2 to M1 immune switch of tumor-associated macrophages. Bexmarilimab can promote antigen presentation and pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion. Bexmarilimab can induce B-cell and T-cell activation. Bexmarilimab can be used in researches of immunology and cancer, such as colorectal carcinoma ^[2].

HY-116294A

Methoctramine tetrahydrochloride 1 Publications Verification	mAChR	Cardiovascular Disease
Methoctramine tetrahydrochloride is a potent and cardioselectivity antagonist of M2 muscarinic receptor. Methoctramine tetrahydrochloride can inhibit Muscarine (HY-121404)-induced bradycardia in vivo. Methoctramine tetrahydrochloride can be used in the study of cardiovascular diseases ^[2] .

HY-I0678

Regorafénib N-oxyde (M2)	Drug Metabolite PDGFR	Cancer
Regorafénib N-oxyde M2 is an active metabolite of Regorafenib. Regorafenib is a multi-target inhibitor for VEGFR1/2/3, PDGFRβ, Kit, RET and Raf-1 with IC₅₀s of 13/4.2/46, 22, 7, 1.5 and 2.5 nM, respectively.

HY-101239

Oxotremorine sesquifumarate	mAChR	Neurological Disease
Oxotremorine sesquifumarate is a mAChR agonist that mainly activates M2 receptors. Oxotremorine sesquifumarate can be used for neurological research ^[2].

HY-B0460

Tiotropium bromide monohydrate 2 Publications Verification BA-679 BR monohydrate	mAChR	Inflammation/Immunology
Tiotropium bromide monohydrate (BA-679 BR monohydrate) is a long-acting anticholinergic bronchodilator. Tiotropium bromide monohydrate blocks the action of acetylcholine at muscarinic M1, M2, and M3 receptors, prevents bronchoconstriction, and dilates bronchial airways. Tiotropium bromide monohydrate is applicable to research related to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma ^[2].

HY-100341

M2I-1	Checkpoint Kinase (Chk)	Others
M2I-1 is a *Mad2* inhibitor targeting the binding of Mad2 to Cdc20, an essential protein-protein interaction (PPI) within the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) .

HY-I0230

Solifenacin hydrochloride 3 Publications Verification YM905 hydrochloride	mAChR	Neurological Disease Cancer
Solifenacin hydrochloride (YM905 hydrochloride) is a muscarinic receptor antagonist, with pK_is of 7.6, 6.9 and 8.0 for M₁, M₂ and M₃ receptors, respectively.

HY-B0402S

Amantadine-d15 1-Adamantanamine-d₁₅; 1-Aminoadamantane-d₁₅	Influenza Virus Orthopoxvirus SARS-CoV Apoptosis	Infection Neurological Disease Cancer
Amantadine-d₁₅ is the deuterium labeled Amantadine. Amantadine (1-Adamantanamine) is an antiviral agent with activity against influenza A viruses. Amantadine blocks the proton flow through the M2 ion channel (M2 proton channel of influenza A) and thus prevents the release of viral RNA into the cytoplasm of the infected cells. Amantadine is an antiparkinsonian agent ^[2].

HY-P11107

RP-832c	Apoptosis TNF Receptor	Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
RP-832c is a synthetic analogue of host defense peptides (HDP), targeting the mannose receptor CD206 on the surface of M2 polarized macrophages (K_d = 3.5 μM). RP-832c binding to CD206 induces a significant conformational change in the receptor, activating signaling pathways that lead to rapid apoptosis and repolarization of CD206-positive M2 macrophages to an M1 phenotype. RP-832c treatment significantly reduces CD206 gene expression in M2 macrophages while transiently increasing expression of TNF-α, a marker for M1 macrophages. RP-832c is used for the studies of T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) ^[2].

HY-14825A

Tarafenacin D-tartrate SVT-40776 D-tartrate	mAChR	Neurological Disease
Tarafenacin D-tartrate (SVT-40776 D-tartrate) is a highly selective M3 muscarinic receptor antagonist (Ki= 0.19 nM), ~200 fold selectivity over M2 receptor.

HY-E70073

Ganglioside sialidase (AuSialidase M2) Sialidase isoenzyme M2; AuSialidase M2	Biochemical Assay Reagents	Others
Ganglioside sialidase (AuSialidase M2) from Arthrobacter ureafaciens. Ganglioside sialidase is a highly specific N-acetylneuraminidase. Ganglioside sialidase can hydrolyze the internal sialic acid of GM1 under optimal condition with sodium cholate .

HY-128669S

Abemaciclib metabolite M2-d6 LSN2839567-d₆	CDK	Cancer
Abemaciclib metabolite M2-d₆ is the deuterium labeled Abemaciclib metabolite M2. Abemaciclib metabolite M2 (LSN2839567) is a metabolite of Abemaciclib, acts as a potent CDK4 and CDK6 inhibitor, with IC₅₀s in the range of 1-3 nM. Anti-cancer activity ^[2].

HY-I0678S

Regorafénib N-oxyde-d3 (M2)	PDGFR Drug Metabolite	Cancer
Regorafénib N-oxyde-d₃(M2) is the deuterium labeled Regorafénib N-oxyde M2 . Regorafénib N-oxyde M2 is an active metabolite of Regorafenib. Regorafenib is a multi-target inhibitor for VEGFR1/2/3, PDGFRβ, Kit, RET and Raf-1 with IC₅₀s of 13/4.2/46, 22, 7, 1.5 and 2.5 nM, respectively ^[2].

HY-P1783A

M2e, human TFA 1 Publications Verification	Influenza Virus	Infection
M2e, human TFA, consisting of the 23 extracellular residues of M2 (the third integral membrane protein of influenza A), has been remarkably conserved in all human influenza A. M2e, human TFA is a valid and versatile vaccine candidate to protect against any strain of human influenza A .

HY-162897

BAY-2413555	mAChR	Cardiovascular Disease
BAY-2413555 is an orally active muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2 modulator that protects the heart and improve cardiac function. BAY-2413555 is promising for research of heart failure .

HY-101586

Alvameline Lu 25-109	mAChR	Neurological Disease
Alvameline (Lu25-109) is a partial M1 agonist and *M2/M3* antagonist.

HY-172273A

DSPE-PEG2000-Mal-Cys-YEQDPWGVKWWY	Liposome	Cancer
DSPE-PEG2000-Mal-Cys-YEQDPWGVKWWY is a PEG compound which composed of DSPE and a M2-polarized macrophages targeting peptide (M2pep, YEQDPWGVKWWY). M2pep is conjugated to a proapoptotic peptide as monovalent or multivalent ligands to concentrate the toxic effect of the peptide to M2 macrophages. DSPE-PEG2000-Mal-Cys-YEQDPWGVKWWY can be used for drug delivery .

HY-70053A

Fesoterodine L-mandelate	mAChR	Neurological Disease Metabolic Disease Cancer
Fesoterodine L-mandelate is an orally active, nonsubtype selective, competitive muscarinic receptor (mAChR) antagonist with pK_i values of 8.0, 7.7, 7.4, 7.3, 7.5 for M1, M2, M3, M4, M5 receptors, respectively. Fesoterodine L-mandelate is used for the overactive bladder (OAB) ^[2].

HY-128769

M2N12	CDK	Cancer
M2N12 is a potent and highly selective cell division cycle 25C protein phosphatase (Cdc25C) inhibitor with an IC₅₀ value of 0.09  μM. M2N12 also has promising activity against Cdc25A and Cdc25B with IC₅₀ values of  0.53  μM and 1.39 μM, respectively. M2N12 has anti-tumor activity and can be used for cancer research .

HY-101671

S-methyl-KE-298 M-2	MMP Drug Metabolite	Inflammation/Immunology
S-methyl-KE-298 is an active metabolite of KE-298. KE-298 inhibits matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-1) production from rheumatoid arthritis (RA) synovial cells.

HY-172273

DSPE-PEG1000-Mal-Cys-YEQDPWGVKWWY	Liposome	Cancer
DSPE-PEG1000-Mal-Cys-YEQDPWGVKWWY is a PEG compound which composed of DSPE and a M2-polarized macrophages targeting peptide (M2pep, YEQDPWGVKWWY). M2pep is conjugated to a proapoptotic peptide as monovalent or multivalent ligands to concentrate the toxic effect of the peptide to M2 macrophages. DSPE-PEG1000-Mal-Cys-YEQDPWGVKWWY can be used for drug delivery .

HY-163642

TNF-α agonistic 1	Others	Cancer
TNF-α agonistic 1 (compound 22a) can repolarize tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in the tumor microenvironment (TME) from the M2 phenotype to the M1 anti-tumor phenotype .

HY-N14824

Neoenactin M2	Fungal	Infection
Neoenactin M2 has strong anti-yeastlike and filamentous fungal effects .

HY-75867

M2 ion channel blocker-1	Influenza Virus	Infection
M2 ion channel blocker-1 is capable of inhibiting and blocking the activity of M2 ion channel;Antiviral agent.

HY-130431

Vinclozolin M2	Parasite	Infection
Vinclozolin M2 is an active metabolite of vinclozolin. It is formed from vinclozolin by successive esterase activity and decarboxylation of vinclozolin in C. elegans and by decarboxylation in human liver microsomes. Vinclozolin M2 is an antagonist of the mineralocorticoid receptor (IC₅₀=1,400 nM) and androgen receptor (IC₅₀=0.17 nM) in reporter assays using MCF-7 cells.

HY-128669R

Abemaciclib metabolite M2 (Standard) LSN2839567 (Standard)	Reference Standards CDK Drug Metabolite	Cancer
Abemaciclib metabolite M2 (Standard) is the analytical standard of Abemaciclib metabolite M2. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Abemaciclib metabolite M2 (LSN2839567) is a metabolite of Abemaciclib, acts as a potent CDK4 and CDK6 inhibitor, with IC50s of 1.2 and 1.3 nM, respectively. Anti-cancer activity[1][2].

HY-162031

MMT3-72-M2	JAK	Metabolic Disease
MMT3-72-M2 is an MMT3-72 metabolite. MMT3-72-M2 is a selective JAK1 inhibitor. MMT3-72-M2 inhibits JAK1, JAK2, TYK2, and JAK3 with IC₅₀ values of 10.8 nM, 26.3 nM, 91.6 nM, 328.7 nM, respectlly .

HY-172273C

DSPE-PEG3400-M2pep	Liposome	Cancer
DSPE-PEG3400-Mal-Cys-YEQDPWGVKWWY is a PEG compound which composed of DSPE and a M2-polarized macrophages targeting peptide (M2pep, YEQDPWGVKWWY). M2pep is conjugated to a proapoptotic peptide as monovalent or multivalent ligands to concentrate the toxic effect of the peptide to M2 macrophages. DSPE-PEG3400-Mal-Cys-YEQDPWGVKWWY can be used for drug delivery .

HY-I0678S1

Regorafénib N-oxyde (M2)-13C,d3	Drug Metabolite	Cancer
Regorafénib N-oxyde (M2)- ¹³C,d₃ is the ¹³C- and deuterium labeled Regorafénib N-oxyde (M2). Regorafénib N-oxyde M2 is an active metabolite of Regorafenib. Regorafenib is a multi-target inhibitor for VEGFR1/2/3, PDGFRβ, Kit, RET and Raf-1 with IC50s of 13/4.2/46, 22, 7, 1.5 and 2.5 nM, respectively.

HY-175804

M2 ion channel blocker-2	SARS-CoV	Infection
M2 ion channel blocker-2 (Compound 10) is a M2 channel blocker. M2 ion channel blocker-2 significantly blocks wild-type and mutant M2 (L27F and V27A) ion channels. M2 ion channel blocker-2 has potent antiviral activity against HCoV-229E (EC₅₀: 4.7  μM in cytopathic effect) but not against influenza A virus. M2 ion channel blocker-2 has no significant inhibition of hERG and cytochrome P450 (CYP1A2, CYP2C19, and CYP3A4) activity .

HY-178672

ARCA Anti-Reverse cap analog; M2 7,3′O GpppG	DNA/RNA Synthesis	Cancer
ARCA (Anti-Reverse cap analog) is a 5′- cap analogue. ARCA caps mRNA. ARCA can be used in protein expression studies .

HY-107755

3-Azaspiro[5.5]undecane hydrochloride 4,4-Pentamethylenepiperidine hydrochloride	Influenza Virus	Infection
3-Azaspiro[5.5]undecane (4,4-Pentamethylenepiperidine) hydrochloride is an inhibitor targeting the WT influenza A virus M2 (A/M2), with an IC₅₀ of 1 μM .

HY-170577

PKM2-IN-8	Pyruvate Kinase Apoptosis	Cancer
PKM2-IN-8 (Compound 9b) is a pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) inhibitor (IC₅₀ = 0.31 μM). PKM2-IN-8 has potent antiproliferative activity against U87MG glioma cells. PKM2-IN-8 can induce early apoptosis and reduce lactate levels. PKM2-IN-8 can be used for the research of glioblastoma .

HY-N3248

Momordicoside G Momordicacoside G	Endogenous Metabolite Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Apoptosis	Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
Momordicoside G (Momordicacoside G) is an orally active cucurbitane-type triterpene glycoside. Momordicoside G selectively induces apoptosis of M1-like macrophages, without affecting M2-like macrophages. Momordicoside G reduces intracellular ROS levels and promotes autophagy. Momordicoside G also has anticancer activity, inhibiting the growth of cancer cell lines. Momordicoside G stimulates M2-associated lung injury repair and prevents inflammatory lung cancer injury .

HY-134998

Oltipraz metabolite M2	HIF/HIF Prolyl-Hydroxylase Mitochondrial Metabolism Drug Metabolite p38 MAPK	Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology
Oltipraz metabolite M2, an active metabolite of Oltipraz (HY-12519), is an orally active HIF-1α inhibitor. Oltipraz metabolite M2 increases mitochondrial fuel oxidation and inhibits lipogenesis in the liver by dually activating AMPK in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice. Oltipraz metabolite M2 can be used for hepatic steatosis and steatohepatitis research ^[2].

HY-154749S

Repaglinide M2-d5	Isotope-Labeled Compounds	Others
Repaglinide M2-d₅ is deuterated labeled Repaglinide M2.

Cat. No.	Product Name	Category	Target	Chemical Structure

HY-B0011

Docetaxel Maximum Cited Publications 158 Publications Verification RP-56976	Structural Classification Classification of Application Fields Terpenoids Diterpenoids Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification Cancer	Microtubule/Tubulin Apoptosis Endogenous Metabolite
Docetaxel (RP-56976) is a microtubule depolymerization inhibitor, with an IC₅₀ of 0.2 μM. Docetaxel attenuates the effects of bcl-2 and bcl-xL gene expression. Docetaxel arrests the cell cycle at G2/M and leads to cell apoptosis. Docetaxel has anti-cancer activity .

HY-N0822

Shikonin 65+ Cited Publications C.I. 75535; Isoarnebin 4	Quinones Structural Classification Classification of Application Fields Plants Lithospermum erythrorhizon Sieb. et Zucc. Naphthalene Quinones Boraginaceae Disease Research Fields Cancer	Exosomes Chloride Channel Pyruvate Kinase NF-κB TNF Receptor HIV AIM2
Shikonin is a major component of a Chinese herbal medicine named zicao. Shikonin is a potent TMEM16A chloride channel inhibitor with an IC₅₀ of 6.5 μM . Shikonin is a specific pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) inhibitor ^[2] and can also inhibit TNF-α and NF-κB pathway . Shikonin decreases exosome secretion through the inhibition of glycolysis . Shikonin inhibits *AIM2* inflammasome activation .

HY-N1428

Citric acid 30+ Cited Publications	Cardiovascular Disease Structural Classification Preservatives Classification of Application Fields Anti-aging Endocrine diseases Metabolic Disease Endogenous metabolite Food Research Infection Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Immune System Disorder Microorganisms Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Disease markers Nervous System Disorder Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields Cancer Source Classification	Environmental Pollutants Endogenous Metabolite Bacterial Apoptosis
Citric acid is a natural preservative and food tartness enhancer. Citric acid induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase and S phase in HaCaT cells. Citric acid cause oxidative damage of the liver by means of the decrease of antioxidative enzyme activities. Citric acid is also an acidulant, emulsifier, sequestrant and buffering agent widely used across many industries ^[2] .

HY-B1357

Digitoxin 5+ Cited Publications	Digitalis purpurea Linn. Cardiovascular Disease Structural Classification Classification of Application Fields Scrophulariaceae Plants Disease Research Fields Steroids Source Classification	Environmental Pollutants Apoptosis Na+/K+ ATPase Bcl-2 Family Caspase HSV Calcium Channel
Digitoxin is an anti-cancer agent. Digitoxin induces apoptosis, inhibits influenza cytokine storm, causes DNA double-stranded breaks (DSBs) and blocks the cell cycle at the G2/M phase. Digitoxin induces calcium uptake into cells by forming transmembrane calcium channels and can be used for research of heart failure ^[2] .

HY-N0168

Hesperetin 20+ Cited Publications	Structural Classification Flavonoids other families Neurological Disease Classification of Application Fields Sunscreen Flavonones Cosmetic Research Plants Disease Research Fields Source Classification Cancer	p38 MAPK Autophagy Apoptosis Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) NF-κB Bcl-2 Family
Hesperetin is a natural flavanone that can be found in citrus, and acts as a potent and orally active broad-spectrum inhibitor against human UGT activity. Hesperetin induces apoptosis via p38 MAPK activation. Hesperetin displays a range of bioactivities including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer. Hesperetin is found to induce cell-cycle arrest at G2/M phase. Hesperetin can reduce *Bcl-2* and enhance BaxM. Hesperetin induces apoptosis through inhibiting NF-κB receptor ^[2] .

HY-N0131

Stigmasterol 10+ Cited Publications	Microorganisms Classification of Application Fields Amaranthaceae Plants Endogenous metabolite Achyranthes bidentata Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields Steroids Source Classification	MMP Endogenous Metabolite
Stigmasterol is an orally acitve, immunomodulatory agent with anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effect, as well as able to cross the blood-brain barrier. Stigmasterol activates AMPK, which in turn inhibits NF-κB and NLRP3 signaling pathways, reduces microglia-mediated neuroinflammation, and alleviates cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease. Stigmasterol regulates M1/M2 polarization of microglia through the TLR4/ NF-κB pathway, thereby reducing neuropathic pain. Stigmasterol can be used for neurodegenerative diseases, inflammatory diseases, and pain management, among others ^[2] .

HY-N6722

Swainsonine 1 Publications Verification Tridolgosir	Infection Alkaloids Piperidine Alkaloids Pyrrole Alkaloids Classification of Application Fields Leguminosae Sphaerophysa salsula (Pall.) DC. Plants Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Apoptosis Antibiotic
Swainsonine (Tridolgosir) is an natural indolizidine alkaloid, a potent and reversible α-mannosidase inhibitor. Swainsonine induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase. Swainsonine shows anti-tumor activity ^[2] .

HY-N0047

Polyphyllin I 5 Publications Verification	Liliaceae Classification of Application Fields Paris polyphylla Smith Plants Disease Research Fields Saccharides Steroids Cancer	JNK mTOR Akt PDK-1 Autophagy Apoptosis
Polyphyllin I is a bioactive constituent extracted from Paris polyphylla, has strong anti-tumor activity. Polyphyllin I is an activator of the JNK signaling pathway and is an inhibitor of PDK1/Akt/mTOR signaling. Polyphyllin I induces autophagy, G2/M phase arrest and apoptosis ^[2] .

HY-126585

SAICAR 4 Publications Verification	Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Microorganisms Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Disease markers Endocrine diseases Nervous System Disorder Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification Cancer	Endogenous Metabolite
SAICAR is an intermediate of de novo purine nucleotide biosynthesis, activates pyruvate kinase isoform M2 (PKM2) in an isozyme-selective manner, with an EC₅₀ of 0.3 mM. SAICAR stimulates PKM2 and promotes cancer cell survival in glucose-limited conditions ^[2].

HY-N1996

Chebulagic acid 5 Publications Verification	Classification of Application Fields Combretaceae Phenols Polyphenols Terminalia chebula Retz. Plants Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields Source Classification	COX Lipoxygenase SARS-CoV Influenza Virus
Chebulagic acid is a COX-LOX dual inhibitor isolated from the fruits of Terminalia chebula Retz, on angiogenesis. Chebulagic acid is a M2 serine to asparagine 31 mutation (S31N) inhibitor and influenza antiviral. Chebulagic acid also against *SARS-CoV-2* viral replication with an EC₅₀ of 9.76 μM.

HY-N0421

Cinobufagin 5+ Cited Publications Cinobufagine	Animals Classification of Application Fields Disease Research Fields Steroids Source Classification Cancer	Apoptosis
Cinobufagin is an anticancer agent that can be secreted by the Asiatic toad Bufo gargarizans. Cinobufagin induces the cell cycle arrests in the G1 phase or G2/M phase, leading to apoptosis in cancer cells. Cinobufagin inhibits tumor growth in melanoma and glioblastoma multiforme xenograft mouse models ^[2] .

HY-17583

Griseofulvin 1 Publications Verification	Structural Classification Natural Products Microorganisms Classification of Application Fields Disease Research Fields Source Classification Cancer	Environmental Pollutants Antibiotic Apoptosis Fungal Endogenous Metabolite Bcl-2 Family Caspase Microtubule/Tubulin
Griseofulvin is an orally active antifungal antibiotic with antitumor activity. Griseofulvin induces apoptosis and G2/M cell cycle arrest in cancer cells. Griseofulvin also has cardiovascular modulatory activity, reducing angina pectoris, relieving hand artery spasm associated with onychomycosis, and peripheral vascular diseases such as shoulder-hand syndrome ^[2] .

HY-N0816

Polyphyllin VI 5+ Cited Publications	other families Classification of Application Fields Plants Disease Research Fields Steroids Cancer Source Classification	Apoptosis Pyroptosis
Polyphyllin VI, an active saponin, possess anti-cancer activities. Polyphyllin VI induces G2/M cell cycle arrest and triggers apoptosis. Polyphyllin VI induces caspase-1-mediated pyroptosis via the induction of ROS/NF-κB/NLRP3/GSDMD signal axis in non-small cell lung cancer ^[2] .

HY-N0340

Scopolamine butylbromide 1 Publications Verification Hyoscine butylbromide; (-)-Scopolamine butylbromide; Butylscopolamine bromide	Alkaloids Structural Classification Other Alkaloids Datura metel L. Solanaceae Plants Source Classification	mAChR
Scopolamine butylbromide (Hyoscine butylbromide) is an orally active anticholinergic agent and spasmolytic. Scopolamine butylbromide binds with high affinity to rat cardiac M2 (K_i 83 nmol/L), *hM2* (K_i 233 nmol/L), rat intestinal M3 (K_i 290 nmol/L) and hM3 (K_i 643 nmol/L) muscarinic receptors. Scopolamine butylbromide exerts a dose-dependent antagonistic effect on Carbachol-induced gastrointestinal smooth muscle spasm. Scopolamine butylbromide can be used for the research of abdominal colic and pain associated with gastrointestinal spasm, functional abdominal pain, chronic gastropathy and gastric ulcer ^[2].

HY-W009156

Citric acid tripotassium hydrate 10+ Cited Publications Potassium citrate monohydrate	Structural Classification Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Guttiferae Metabolic Disease Plants Garcinia cambogia Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields	Environmental Pollutants Endogenous Metabolite Bacterial Apoptosis
Citric acid tripotassium hydrate (Potassium citrate monohydrate) is a natural preservative and food tartness enhancer. Citric acid tripotassium hydrate induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase and S phase in HaCaT cells. Citric acid tripotassium hydrate cause oxidative damage of the liver by means of the decrease of antioxidative enzyme activities. Citric acid tripotassium hydrate is also an acidulant, emulsifier, sequestrant and buffering agent widely used across many industries ^[2] .

HY-N1988

Cucurbitacin IIa 1 Publications Verification Hemslecin A	Triterpenes Structural Classification Classification of Application Fields Terpenoids Cucurbitaceae Plants Hemsleya chinensis Cogn. ex Forbes et Hemsl. Disease Research Fields Source Classification Cancer	Survivin Apoptosis EGFR Caspase p38 MAPK Autophagy MEK Raf ERK STAT CaMK
Cucurbitacin IIa (Hemslecin A) is an orally active, blood-brain barrier-permeable EGFR inhibitor with an IC₅₀ of 1.455 nM against human EGFR. Cucurbitacin IIa induces caspase-3-dependent apoptosis, downregulates survivin expression, enhances autophagy levels, disrupts the actin cytoskeleton via actin aggregation, arrests the cell cycle at the G2/M phase, and exerts anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting the EGFR-MAPK signaling pathway. Cucurbitacin IIa can be used in the research of inflammation-related diseases, depression, and cancers such as non-small cell lung cancer ^[2] .

HY-N6028

Darutoside 1 Publications Verification	Structural Classification Classification of Application Fields Terpenoids Diterpenoids Plants Compositae Tephrosia candida DC. Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields Source Classification	COX NF-κB Interleukin Related TNF Receptor
Darutoside is an orally effective diterpene compound with significant anti-inflammatory, analgesic, wound healing promotion, and immunomodulatory activities. Darutoside reduces edema and pain responses by inhibiting the expression of *COX-2* and the migration of inflammatory cells. It regulates macrophage polarization towards the M2 type by inhibiting the NF-κB pathway, alleviating inflammation and promoting wound healing. Through multi-target regulation of metabolic networks, Darutoside significantly alleviates acute gouty arthritis ^[2] .

HY-N3415

Kumatakenin 1 Publications Verification	Flavonols Structural Classification Flavonoids Classification of Application Fields Phenols Polyphenols Myrtaceae Plants Syzygium aromaticum Disease Research Fields Source Classification Cancer	Apoptosis Autophagy Caspase Ferroptosis SARS-CoV
Kumatakenin is an orally active apoptosis inducer and autophagy inhibitor, with a K_d value of 2.94 μM for mouse ATG5. Kumatakenin increases the activities of caspase-3, caspase-8 and caspase-9, thereby inducing caspase-dependent apoptosis in ovarian cancer cells. Kumatakenin reduces the expression of chemokines and pro-oncogenic factors in ovarian cancer cells, and inhibits M2 macrophage polarization. Kumatakenin inactivates TRIM65 function, reduces the expression and stability of FASN, and thus inhibits the proliferation, migration, invasion and tumor progression of esophageal cancer cells. Kumatakenin interacts with ATG5 to reduce its protein level, decrease LC3 level, and reduce the number of autophagosomes in the hippocampus. Kumatakenin binds to Eno3 to upregulate its expression, reduce the stability and expression level of IRP1 mRNA, inhibit ferroptosis, alleviate intestinal inflammation, and restore epithelial barrier function. Kumatakenin enhances the efficacy of antibiotics against pathogenic bacteria, inhibits *SARS-CoV-2* replication, and reduces cytokine production. Kumatakenin is applicable to research related to ovarian cancer, esophageal cancer, depression and colitis ^[2] .

HY-N3963

Gomisin M2 (+)-Gomisin M2	Classification of Application Fields Neurological Disease Lignans Plants Infection Monophenols Phenols Phenylpropanoids Schisandraceae Disease Research Fields Inflammation/Immunology Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill. Source Classification	HIV
Gomisin M2 ((+)-Gomisin M2) is a lignan isolated from the fruits of Schisandra rubriflora with anti-HIV activity (EC₅₀ of 2.4 μM). Gomisin M2 exhibits anti-cancer and anti-allergic activities and has the potential for Alzheimer’s disease research ^[2].

HY-W009141

1-Monopalmitin Glyceryl palmitate	Plants Source Classification	P-glycoprotein IAP PI3K Akt Caspase Apoptosis
1-Monopalmitin (Glyceryl palmitate) is an activator of the PI3K/Akt pathway and an inhibitor of P-glycoprotein (P-gp). 1-Monopalmitin can induce G2/M arrest and caspase-dependent apoptosis in cancer cells, while inhibiting IAPs protein expression. 1-Monopalmitin can increase drug accumulation by inhibiting P-gp activity in intestinal Caco-2 cells. 1-Monopalmitin has the ability to induce protective autophagy and apoptosis of lung cancer cells (IC₅₀=50-58 μg/mL), with low toxicity to normal cells ^[2].

HY-N0008

Orcinol glucoside	Curculigo orchioides Gaertn. Structural Classification Monophenols Phenols Plants Amaryllidaceae Source Classification	Wnt p38 MAPK mTOR Keap1-Nrf2 TGF-β Receptor
Orcinol glucoside is an orally active, blood-brain barrier permeable osteoblast proliferation promoter that targets the *Nrf2/Keap1, mTOR* and p38 signaling pathways. Orcinol glucoside promotes *Nrf2* nuclear translocation, upregulates antioxidant enzyme levels, enhances the phosphorylation of mTOR and p70S6K, and inhibits the enzymatic activity of *HAS2* as well as the nuclear translocation of GR. Orcinol glucoside also alleviates oxidative stress, inhibits autophagic flux, osteoclastogenesis and TGF-β1-induced M2 polarization, while reducing collagen deposition and effectively promoting the proliferation, differentiation and mineralization of osteoblasts. Orcinol glucoside also exhibits anti-pulmonary fibrosis, anxiolytic and antidepressant activities. Orcinol glucoside can be used in the research of senile and glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), anxiety and other related diseases ^[2] .

HY-N2896

Arjunolic acid	Triterpenes Structural Classification Classification of Application Fields Juglandaceae Terpenoids Cyclocarya paliurus (Batal.) Iljinsk. Plants Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Apoptosis Fungal Bacterial NF-κB SOD AMPK mTOR Notch Toll-like Receptor (TLR) Wnt MyD88 Sirtuin
Arjunolic acid is an orally active, multifunctional bioactive compound. Arjunolic acid exhibits free radical scavenging activity, as well as fungal and bacterial activities. Arjunolic acid induces apoptosis (Apoptosis) in various cancer cells. Arjunolic acid protects hepatocytes against induced oxidative stress and apoptosis by reducing reactive oxygen species and inhibiting NF-κB activation. Arjunolic acid regulates pancreatic dysfunction in type 2 diabetic rats by blocking the activation of the TLR-4/MyD88 and canonical Wnt pathways. Arjunolic acid inhibits neuroinflammation and ameliorates depressive behaviors via the SIRT1/AMPK/Notch1 signaling pathway in microglia. Arjunolic acid improves Crohn's disease-like colitis by restoring gut microbiota composition and inhibiting TLR4 signaling. Arjunolic acid suppresses osteosarcoma progression by inhibiting Wnt3a-mediated M2 polarization of macrophages. Arjunolic acid ameliorates diabetic retinopathy via the autophagy pathway regulated by AMPK/mTOR/HO-1. Arjunolic acid is applicable to research related to type 2 diabetes, organ toxicity, depression, Crohn's disease, osteosarcoma, diabetic retinopathy, and testicular dysfunction ^[2] .

HY-N2110

Phellopterin	Structural Classification Classification of Application Fields Coumarins Phenylpropanoids Umbelliferae Helogyne apaloidea Nutt. Plants Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Akt Sirtuin Integrin STAT PI3K Apoptosis ERK PPAR PKC Toll-like Receptor (TLR) HIV
Phellopterin, an orally active furocoumarin with multiple biological activities. Phellopterin is a partial agonist of the central benzodiazepine receptors. Phellopterin exerts anti-inflammatory effects by upregulating SIRT1, downregulating ICAM-1 (reducing chronic inflammation, aiding diabetic ulcer healing), inhibiting STAT3 phosphorylation (easing atopic dermatitis inflammation), regulating Akt/PKC pathways (lowering TNF-α-induced VCAM-1 to block monocyte adhesion), and inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB pathway and macrophage M2 polarization (alleviating colitis-related cancers). Phellopterin suppresses ovarian cancer progression via inhibiting the PU.1/CLEC5A/PI3K-AKT loop (inducing cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, DNA damage). Phellopterin alleviates murine diabetes by promoting adipocyte differentiation and increasing PPARγ. Phellopterin also has anti-HSV-1 activity. Phellopterin can be used for studying anti-inflammation, anti-cancer (e.g., ovarian cancer, colitis cancer), blood glucose lowering, anti-diabetes, and anti-virus ^[2] .

HY-B0935

Benzyl benzoate 1 Publications Verification Phenylmethyl benzoate	Infection Structural Classification Natural Products Classification of Application Fields Uvaria grandiflora Roxb. Essence, Fragrance Cosmetic Research Plants Annonaceae Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Environmental Pollutants Angiotensin Receptor Endogenous Metabolite Fungal Bacterial Parasite
Benzyl benzoate (Phenylmethyl benzoate) is an orally active anti-scabies agent, acaricide (EC₅₀= 0.06 g/m ²) and fungicide. Benzyl benzoate is an angiotensin II (Ang II) inhibitor with antihypertensive effects. Benzyl benzoate can be used in perfumes, pharmaceuticals and the food industry ^[2] .

HY-N2369

Chelidonine 2 Publications Verification	Infection Alkaloids Structural Classification Chelidonium majus Classification of Application Fields Plants Isoquinoline Alkaloids Disease Research Fields Papaveraceae Source Classification	Apoptosis Influenza Virus
Chelidonine, an isoquinoline alkaloid, can be isolated from Chelidonium majus L.. Chelidonine causes G_2/M arrest and induces caspase-dependent and caspase-independent apoptosis, and prevents cell cycle progression of stem cells in Dugesia japonica. Chelidonine has cytotoxic activity against melanoma cell lines. with anticancer and antiviral activity ^[2] .

HY-N2416

Taccalonolide A	Classification of Application Fields Plants Disease Research Fields Tacca chantrieri Andre Taccaceae Steroids Cancer Source Classification	Microtubule/Tubulin Apoptosis
Taccalonolide A is a microtubule stabilizer, which is a steroid isolated from Tacca chantrieri, with cytotoxic and antimalarial activities ^[2]. Taccalonolide A causes G₂-M accumulation, Bcl-2 phosphorylation and initiation of apoptosis . Taccalonolide A is effective in vitro against cell lines that overexpress P-glycoprotein (Pgp) and multidrug resistance protein 7 (MRP7), with an IC₅₀ of 622 nM for SK-OV-3 cells .

HY-B1295

Lithium citrate tetrahydrate Maximum Cited Publications 11 Publications Verification Litarex tetrahydrate	Infection Microorganisms Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Apoptosis Endogenous Metabolite Bacterial
Lithium citrate (Litarex) tetrahydrate is a natural preservative and food tartness enhancer. Lithium citrate tetrahydrate induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase and S phase in HaCaT cells. Lithium citrate tetrahydrate cause oxidative damage of the liver by means of the decrease of antioxidative enzyme activities. Lithium citrate tetrahydrate is also an acidulant, emulsifier, sequestrant and buffering agent widely used across many industries ^[2] .

HY-N2447

Amarogentin 2 Publications Verification	Gentiana scabra Bunge Iridoids Classification of Application Fields Terpenoids Gentianaceae Phenols Polyphenols Metabolic Disease Plants Disease Research Fields Source Classification	AMPK Apoptosis
Amarogentin is a secoiridoid glycoside that is mainly extracted from Swertia and Gentiana roots. Amarogentin exhibits many biological effects, including anti-oxidative, anti-tumour, and anti-diabetic activities. Amarogentin exerts hepatoprotective and immunomodulatory effects. Amarogentin promotes apoptosis, arrests G2/M cell cycle and downregulates of PI3K/Akt/mTOR signalling pathways. Amarogentin exerts beneficial vasculo-metabolic effect by activating AMPK ^[2] .

HY-N2983

Cajanin	Flavonoids Classification of Application Fields Leguminosae Other Diseases Phenols Polyphenols Red seaweeds Plants Disease Research Fields Isoflavones Source Classification	Tyrosinase
Cajanin is a potent and orally active anti-melanogenic agent. Cajanin shows antiproliferative activity in MNT1 Cells. Cajanin efficiently decreases the melanin content. Cajanin down-regulates the mRNA and protein expression levels of MITF, tyrosinase, TRP-1 and Dct (TRP-2). Cajanin induces cell cycle arrest at G2/M and S phase. Cajanin stimulates osteoblast proliferation. Cajanin has the potential for the research of human hyperpigmented disorders and menopausal osteoporosis ^[2].

HY-N4327

Eurycomalactone	other families Classification of Application Fields Terpenoids Diterpenoids Plants Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields Source Classification	NF-κB Apoptosis Akt Bcl-2 Family
Eurycomalactone is an active quassinoid could be isolated from Eurycoma longifolia Jack. Eurycomalactone is a potent NF-κB inhibitor with an IC₅₀ value of 0.5 μM. Eurycomalactone inhibits protein synthesis and depletes cyclin D1. Eurycomalactone enhances radiosensitivity through arrest cell cycle at G2/M phase and delayed DNA double-strand break repair. Eurycomalactone inhibits the activation of AKT/NF-κB signaling, induces apoptosis and enhances chemosensitivity to Cisplatin (HY-17394) ^[2] .

HY-N3011

Iridin	Structural Classification Flavonoids Iridaceae Classification of Application Fields Phenols Polyphenols Plants Belamcanda chinensis (Linn.) Redouté Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields Isoflavones Source Classification	PI3K Akt Pyruvate Kinase JAK STAT NF-κB Apoptosis Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)
Iridin is an orally active natural isoflavone. Iridin inhibits the PI3K/AKT and *PKM2* signaling pathways, and downregulates the JAK/STAT and NF-κB pathways. Iridin induces Fas-mediated extrinsic apoptosis, G2/M cell cycle arrest, and inhibits cell proliferation. Iridin reduces inflammation, inhibits ROS production, suppresses glycolysis, and also exhibits antioxidant and antidiabetic activities. Iridin can be used in research related to gastric cancer and acute lung injury ^[2] .

HY-N8698

Picein 1 Publications Verification	Nyssaceae Plants Saccharides Source Classification	SOD Ferroptosis Keap1-Nrf2 Heme Oxygenase (HO) Glutathione Peroxidase
Picein is an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent. Picein can be isolated from the leaves of Picrorhiza kurroa. Picein reduces MDA levels and increases the levels of SOD, GPX and TAC. Picein alleviates oxidative stress and promotes bone regeneration in osteoporotic bone defects by inhibiting Ferroptosis (via activation of the *Nrf2/HO-1/GPX4* pathway). Picein prevents scopolamine (HY-N0296)-induced passive avoidance memory impairment in rats. Picein can be used in research related to osteoporotic bone defects and Alzheimer's disease ^[2] .

HY-112253

D-Fructose 1-phosphate	Structural Classification Natural Products Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Microorganisms Endogenous metabolite Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite
D-Fructose 1-phosphate is a key intermediate metabolite in the fructose metabolic pathway. As a key signaling molecule linking fructose metabolism and glucose metabolic regulation, D-Fructose 1-phosphate acts as an allosteric modulator to counteract the inhibitory effect of the glucokinase-regulatory protein complex, thereby finely regulating the direction of hepatic glucose metabolism at the substrate level ^[2].

HY-N0566

23-Hydroxybetulinic acid Anemosapogenin	Triterpenes Structural Classification other families Classification of Application Fields Terpenoids Plants Disease Research Fields Source Classification Cancer	Apoptosis Autophagy Bcl-2 Family Caspase Survivin p38 MAPK MMP
23-Hydroxybetulinic acid (Anemosapogenin) is an orally active triterpenoid with broad-spectrum anticancer activity. 23-Hydroxybetulinic acid reduces the levels of *Bcl-2* and survivin, elevates the level of Bax, promotes the cleavage/activation of caspase-3 and caspase-9, and induces apoptosis via the endogenous mitochondrial pathway involving cytochrome C release and mitochondrial membrane potential disruption. 23-Hydroxybetulinic acid arrests the cell cycle at S and G1 phases, inhibits cancer cell proliferation, blocks the MAPK signaling pathway, regulates *MMP2, and induces autophagic apoptosis by upregulating beclin-1. 23-Hydroxybetulinic acid inhibits the activity and efflux function of P-gp*, increases the intracellular accumulation of chemotherapeutic drugs, and synergistically enhances cytotoxicity with Doxorubicin (HY-15142). 23-Hydroxybetulinic acid inhibits the phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of STAT6, blocks M2 macrophage polarization, and reduces M2 macrophage-mediated apoptosis resistance of colon cancer cells. 23-Hydroxybetulinic acid can be used in related studies on chronic myeloid leukemia, hepatocellular carcinoma, sarcoma 180, multidrug-resistant breast cancer, leukemia, Doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity, and colorectal cancer ^[2] .

HY-N1039A

Manool	Structural Classification Classification of Application Fields Terpenoids Labiatae Diterpenoids Pteris semipinnata L. Sp. Plants Disease Research Fields Vachellia nilotica (L.) P. J. H. Hurter & Mabb. Source Classification Cancer	Others
Manool is a diterpene from Salvia officinalis. Manool induces selective cytotoxicity in cancer cells. Manool arrests the cancer cells at the G(2)/M phase of the cell cycle ^[2].

HY-126067

(-)-Pinoresinol	Structural Classification other families Hernandia nymphaeifolia (C. Presl) Kubitzki Lignans Phenylpropanoids Plants Source Classification	Glycosidase Apoptosis
(-)-Pinoresinol is a plant-derived tetrahydrofuran lignan that inhibits α-glucosidase and acts as a hypoglycemic agent. (-)-Pinoresinol has some anti-inflammatory effects and acts as a chemopreventive agent, inducing increased apoptosis and cell cycle G2/M arrest .

HY-N7225

Yuanhuacine 1 Publications Verification Gnidilatidin	Classification of Application Fields Terpenoids Thymelaeaceae Diterpenoids Plants Daphne genkwa Sieb. et Zucc. Disease Research Fields Source Classification Cancer	DNA/RNA Synthesis
Yuanhuacine (Gnidilatidin), a diterpene from Daphne genkwa, is an effective and highly selective inhibitor of the basal-like 2 (BL2) subtype of TNBC. Yuanhuacine can induce G2/M cell cycle arrest and has broad anti-tumor activity. Yuanhuacine is an orally active DNA damaging agent ^[2] .

HY-N1428R

Citric acid (standard) 5+ Cited Publications	Structural Classification Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Immune System Disorder Microorganisms Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Disease markers Endocrine diseases Nervous System Disorder Endogenous metabolite Cancer Source Classification	Reference Standards Apoptosis Endogenous Metabolite Bacterial
Citric acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of Citric acid (HY-N1428). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Citric acid is a natural preservative and food tartness enhancer. Citric acid induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase and S phase in HaCaT cells. Citric acid cause oxidative damage of the liver by means of the decrease of antioxidative enzyme activities. Citric acid is also an acidulant, emulsifier, sequestrant and buffering agent widely used across many industries ^[2] .

HY-N6011

9-Methoxycamptothecin	Alkaloids Classification of Application Fields Pyridine Alkaloids Camptotheca acuminata Decne. Plants Nyssaceae Isoquinoline Alkaloids Disease Research Fields Cancer Source Classification	Topoisomerase Apoptosis
9-Methoxycamptothecin (MCPT), isolated from Camptotheca acuminata, has antitumor activities through topoisomerase inhibition. 9-Methoxycamptothecin (MCPT) induces strong G2/M arrest and apoptosis in cancer ^[2].

HY-B0011R

Docetaxel (Standard) RP-56976 (Standard)	Structural Classification Natural Products Endogenous metabolite Source Classification	Reference Standards Microtubule/Tubulin Apoptosis Endogenous Metabolite
Docetaxel (Standard) is the analytical standard of Docetaxel. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Docetaxel (RP-56976) is a microtubule depolymerization inhibitor, with an IC₅₀ of 0.2 μM. Docetaxel attenuates the effects of bcl-2 and bcl-xL gene expression. Docetaxel arrests the cell cycle at G2/M and leads to cell apoptosis. Docetaxel has anti-cancer activity .

HY-N12124

Monascuspiloin Monascinol	Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Endogenous metabolite Source Classification	Akt mTOR AMPK Androgen Receptor Apoptosis Autophagy
Monascuspiloin (Monascinol) exhibits anti-androgenic activity with an IC₅₀ of 7 μM. Monascuspiloin inhibits viability of PC-3 and LNCaP with IC₅₀ of 45 and 47 μM. Monascuspiloin induces apoptosis in LNCaP through inhibition of Akt/mTOR signaling pathway, induces autophagy through activation AMPK signaling pathway and arrest cell cycle at G2/M phase in PC-3. Monascuspiloin exhibits antitumor efficacy in mice ^[2].

HY-122496

Malvidin chloride Syringidin	Classification of Application Fields Vitis vinifera cv. Zalema Plants Vitaceae Anthocyans Flavonoids Microorganisms other families Phenols Polyphenols Disease Research Fields Source Classification Cancer	Apoptosis
Malvidin (chloride) is a bioactive compound isolated from grape. Malvidin shows cytotoxicity through the arrest of the G₂/M phase of cell cycle and induction of apoptosis. Malvidin can be used for the research of cancer .

HY-118921

Ovatodiolide	Terpenoids Labiatae Diterpenoids Plants Artemisia persica Boiss. Source Classification	Apoptosis
Ovatodiolide is a compound that can be isolated from Anisomeles indica. Ovatodiolide has anti-bacterial and anti-inflammatory properties. Ovatodiolide also has anti-cancer activity that induces cell cycle G2/M arrest and apoptosis via a ROS-dependent ATM/ATR signaling pathways .

HY-N7385

Nudol	Orchidaceae Phenols Polyphenols Plants Source Classification Epigeneium rotundatum (Lindl.) Summerh.	MMP Apoptosis
Nudol is a phenanthrene compound that has anti-cancer activity. Nudol inhibits cell proliferation, induces cell apoptosis. Nudol inhibits *MMP-2M* and MMP-9 activity (K_i: 988.9 nM, 1.76 μM, respectively). Nudol can be used in the research of cancers, such as osteosarcoma ^[2].

HY-N12461

Cucurbitacin F	Triterpenes Structural Classification Hemsleya gigantha W. J. Chang Terpenoids Cucurbitaceae Plants Source Classification	Bacterial Caspase Apoptosis
Cucurbitacin F is a tetracyclic protostane-type triterpenoid with low toxicity, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities, and is also a related compound of Cucurbitacin B (HY-N0416). Cucurbitacin F widely exists in plants such as Cucurbitaceae plants, Quisqualis indica and Sorbaria sorbifolia. Cucurbitacin F acts as an actin aggregator and reduces cell viability in a dose-dependent manner. Cucurbitacin F induces apoptosis by triggering G2/M phase cell cycle arrest and activating the caspase-3-dependent apoptosis ^[2] .

HY-119874

Alkannin	Quinones Monophenols Ohwia caudata (Thunberg) H. Ohashi Classification of Application Fields Phenols Plants Compositae Naphthalene Quinones Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Pyruvate Kinase
Alkannin is a potent and specific inhibitor of tumor-specific pyruvate kinase-M2 (PKM2). Alkannin does not inhibit PKM1 and pyruvate kinase-L (PKL). Alkannin acts as a potential anticancer agent .

HY-N2439

Methyl isoeugenol	Natural Products other families Neurological Disease Classification of Application Fields Plants Pteris semipinnata L. Sp. Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Environmental Pollutants Pyroptosis SOD Quinone Reductase Keap1-Nrf2 NF-κB
Methyl isoeugenol is an orally active, blood-brain barrier-permeable isoeugenol-type eugenol analog. Methyl isoeugenol promotes the nuclear translocation of *Nrf2, upregulates the expressions of HO-1, NQO1* and SOD, and reduces the expression level of MDA. Methyl isoeugenol decreases the nuclear translocation of NF-κB. Methyl isoeugenol inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis. Methyl isoeugenol reduces cerebral infarction volume and regulates the M1/M2 phenotypic balance of microglia. Methyl isoeugenol can be used for the research of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury .

HY-N0822R

Shikonin (Standard) C.I. 75535 (Standard); Isoarnebin 4 (Standard)	Quinones Structural Classification Plants Lithospermum erythrorhizon Sieb. et Zucc. Naphthalene Quinones Boraginaceae	Reference Standards Exosomes Chloride Channel Pyruvate Kinase NF-κB TNF Receptor HIV AIM2
Shikonin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Shikonin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Shikonin is a major component of a Chinese herbal medicine named zicao. Shikonin is a potent TMEM16A chloride channel inhibitor with an IC₅₀ of 6.5 μM . Shikonin is a specific pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) inhibitor ^[2] and can also inhibit TNF-α and NF-κB pathway . Shikonin decreases exosome secretion through the inhibition of glycolysis . Shikonin inhibits AIM2 inflammasome activation .

HY-145491

Resolvin D5	Structural Classification Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Endogenous metabolite Source Classification	ERK NF-κB CCR
Resolvin D5 is an anti-inflammatory and analgesic agent produced in M2 macrophages. Resolvin D5 alleviates Paclitaxel (HY-B0015)-induced mechanical allodynia and inflammatory pain by activating the GPR32 receptor, with gender specificity (effective only in male mice) and independence from TRPV1 or TRPA1 channels. Resolvin D5 attenuates LPS-induced ERK phosphorylation and NF-κB nuclear translocation, downregulates proinflammatory mediators such as IL-6 and CCL5, inhibits Th17 cell differentiation and osteoclastogenesis, promotes regulatory T cell differentiation, and shows no cytotoxicity to human monocytes. The level of Resolvin D5 is elevated in arthritic SKG mice, but Resolvin D5 has no effect on dendritic cell differentiation or M1 macrophage polarization, nor does it prevent ZyA-induced arthritis progression. Resolvin D5 is suitable for research related to chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy, inflammatory pain and rheumatoid arthritis ^[2] .

HY-N9942

Physalin A 1 Publications Verification	Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Alkekengi officinarum var. franchetii (Mast.) R.J.Wang Solanaceae Plants Disease Research Fields Source Classification Cancer	Apoptosis Autophagy NF-κB p38 MAPK PI3K Akt mTOR STAT JAK
Physalin A is a biologically active withanolide. Physalin A shows anti-inflammatory, antifibrotic and ameliorative effects on autophagy in models of disc degeneration. Physalin A has antitumor activity and can induce apoptosis, ROS production and G2/M phase cell cycle arrest. Besides. Physalin A can significantly increase the activity of quinone reductase and increase the expression of detoxifying enzymesc ^[2] .

Cat. No.	Product Name	Chemical Structure

HY-N1428S1

Citric acid-13C6

Citric acid- ¹³C₆ is the ¹³C-labeled Citric acid (HY-N1428). Citric acid is a natural preservative and food tartness enhancer. Citric acid induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase and S phase in HaCaT cells. Citric acid cause oxidative damage of the liver by means of the decrease of antioxidative enzyme activities. Citric acid is also an acidulant, emulsifier, sequestrant and buffering agent widely used across many industries ^[2] .

HY-N1428S

Citric acid-d4

Citric acid-d₄ is the deuterium labeled Citric acid (HY-N1428). Citric acid is a natural preservative and food tartness enhancer. Citric acid induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase and S phase in HaCaT cells. Citric acid cause oxidative damage of the liver by means of the decrease of antioxidative enzyme activities. Citric acid is also an acidulant, emulsifier, sequestrant and buffering agent widely used across many industries ^[2] .

HY-17360S1

Tiotropium-d6 bromide

Tiotropium-d₆ (bromide) is deuterium labeled Tiotropium (Bromide). Tiotropium bromide (BA-679 BR) is a long-acting anticholinergic bronchodilator. Tiotropium bromide blocks the action of acetylcholine at muscarinic M1, M2, and M3 receptors, prevents bronchoconstriction, and dilates bronchial airways. Tiotropium bromide is applicable to research related to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma ^[2].

HY-B0294S

Flubendazole-d3
Flubendazole-d₃ is the deuterium labeled Flubendazole. Flubendazole is a safe and efficacious anthelmintic agent, which is widely used for anthelmintic to human, rodents and ruminants. Flubendazole exerts anticancer activities by mechanisms including inhibition of microtubule function. Flubendazole induces p53-mediated apoptosis and arrests G2/M cell cycle ^[2].

HY-B0011S

Docetaxel-d9
Docetaxel-d₉ is the deuterium labeled Docetaxel. Docetaxel (RP-56976) is a microtubule?depolymerization inhibitor, with an IC₅₀ of 0.2 μM. Docetaxel attenuates the effects of?bcl-2 and bcl-xL gene expression. Docetaxel arrests the cell cycle at G2/M and leads to cell apoptosis. Docetaxel has anti-cancer activity .

HY-N1428S3

Citric acid-13C3

Citric acid- ¹³C₃ is the ¹³C-labeled Citric acid (HY-N1428). Citric acid is a natural preservative and food tartness enhancer. Citric acid induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase and S phase in HaCaT cells. Citric acid cause oxidative damage of the liver by means of the decrease of antioxidative enzyme activities. Citric acid is also an acidulant, emulsifier, sequestrant and buffering agent widely used across many industries ^[2] .

HY-B0402S1

Amantadine-d6

Amantadine-d₆ is the deuterium labeled Amantadine . Amantadine (1-Adamantanamine) is an orally avtive and potent antiviral agent with activity against influenza A viruses. Amantadine inhibits several ion channels such as NMDA and M2, and also inhibits Coronavirus ion channels. Amantadine also has anti-orthopoxvirus and anticancer activity. Amantadine can be used for Parkinson's disease, postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) and COVID-19 research ^[2] .

HY-B0402S

Amantadine-d15
Amantadine-d₁₅ is the deuterium labeled Amantadine. Amantadine (1-Adamantanamine) is an antiviral agent with activity against influenza A viruses. Amantadine blocks the proton flow through the M2 ion channel (M2 proton channel of influenza A) and thus prevents the release of viral RNA into the cytoplasm of the infected cells. Amantadine is an antiparkinsonian agent ^[2].

HY-128669S

Abemaciclib metabolite M2-d6
Abemaciclib metabolite M2-d₆ is the deuterium labeled Abemaciclib metabolite M2. Abemaciclib metabolite M2 (LSN2839567) is a metabolite of Abemaciclib, acts as a potent CDK4 and CDK6 inhibitor, with IC₅₀s in the range of 1-3 nM. Anti-cancer activity ^[2].

HY-I0678S

Regorafénib N-oxyde-d3 (M2)
Regorafénib N-oxyde-d₃(M2) is the deuterium labeled Regorafénib N-oxyde M2 . Regorafénib N-oxyde M2 is an active metabolite of Regorafenib. Regorafenib is a multi-target inhibitor for VEGFR1/2/3, PDGFRβ, Kit, RET and Raf-1 with IC₅₀s of 13/4.2/46, 22, 7, 1.5 and 2.5 nM, respectively ^[2].

HY-B0461S

Trospium-d8 chloride
Trospium-d₈ (chloride) is the deuterium labeled Trospium chloride. Trospium chloride is an orally active, specific and competitive antagonist of muscarinic cholinergic receptors (mAChRs), with antimuscarinic activity. Trospium chloride binds to muscarinic receptors M1, M2 and M3 with high affinity, but not nicotinic, cholinergic receptors ^[2].

HY-B0527AS

Amitriptyline-d6 hydrochloride

Amitriptyline-d₆ hydrochloride is the deuterium labeled Amitriptyline hydrochloride (HY-B0527A). Amitriptyline hydrochloride is an orally active tricyclic antidepressant (TCA). Amitriptyline hydrochloride mainly exerts its antidepressant effect by blocking SERT (K_i = 3.45 nM) and NET (K_i = 13.3 nM), thereby increasing the concentrations of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) in the synaptic cleft. Amitriptyline hydrochloride is also an agonist at α2A and TrkA/TrkB receptors, thereby exerting analgesic and neurotrophic activities (inhibiting cell apoptosis). Amitriptyline hydrochloride can reduce inflammation, angiogenesis and fibrosis. Amitriptyline hydrochloride binds to DAT (with K_i = 2.58 μM). Amitriptyline hydrochloride has high affinity for a series of receptors and can antagonize muscarinic cholinergic receptors (M1/M2/M3/M4/M5 receptors) (K_i = 11-24 nM), H1 receptors (K_i = 0.5-1.1 nM), adrenergic α1 receptors (K_i = 4.4 nM), etc., resulting in a series of side effects. Amitriptyline hydrochloride can block sodium channels and hERG potassium channel (IC₅₀ = 4.78 μM) and it has cardiotoxicity.

HY-N1428S2

Citric acid-13C2

Citric acid- ¹³C₂ is the ¹³C-labeled Citric acid (HY-N1428). Citric acid is a natural preservative and food tartness enhancer. Citric acid induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase and S phase in HaCaT cells. Citric acid cause oxidative damage of the liver by means of the decrease of antioxidative enzyme activities. Citric acid is also an acidulant, emulsifier, sequestrant and buffering agent widely used across many industries ^[2] .

HY-N1428S6

Citric acid-d4-1

Citric acid-d₄-1 is deuterated labeled Citric acid (HY-N1428). Citric acid is a natural preservative and food tartness enhancer. Citric acid induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase and S phase in HaCaT cells. Citric acid cause oxidative damage of the liver by means of the decrease of antioxidative enzyme activities. Citric acid is also an acidulant, emulsifier, sequestrant and buffering agent widely used across many industries ^[2] .

HY-126585S

SAICAR-d3
SAICAR-d₃ is the deuterium labeled SAICAR. SAICAR is an intermediate of de novo purine nucleotide biosynthesis, activates pyruvate kinase isoform M2 (PKM2) in an isozyme-selective manner, with an EC₅₀ of 0.3 mM. SAICAR stimulates PKM2 and promotes cancer cell survival in glucose-limited conditions ^[2].

HY-A0030S

Fesoterodine-d7 fumarate
Fesoterodine-d₇ (fumarate) is the deuterium labeled Fesoterodine fumarate . Fesoterodine Fumarate is an orally active, nonsubtype selective, competitive muscarinic receptor (mAChR) antagonist with pKi values of 8.0, 7.7, 7.4, 7.3, 7.5 for M1, M2, M3, M4, M5 receptors, respectively. Fesoterodine Fumarate is used for the overactive bladder (OAB) ^[2] .

HY-I0678S1

Regorafénib N-oxyde (M2)-13C,d3
Regorafénib N-oxyde (M2)- ¹³C,d₃ is the ¹³C- and deuterium labeled Regorafénib N-oxyde (M2). Regorafénib N-oxyde M2 is an active metabolite of Regorafenib. Regorafenib is a multi-target inhibitor for VEGFR1/2/3, PDGFRβ, Kit, RET and Raf-1 with IC50s of 13/4.2/46, 22, 7, 1.5 and 2.5 nM, respectively.

HY-15149S2

Romidepsin-d7

Romidepsin-d₇ (FK 228-d₇) is deuterium labeled Romidepsin. Romidepsin (FK 228) is a Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor with anti-tumor activities. Romidepsin (FK 228) inhibits HDAC1, HDAC2, HDAC4, and HDAC6 with IC₅₀s of 36 nM, 47 nM, 510 nM and 1.4 μM, respectively . Romidepsin (FK 228) is produced by Chromobacterium violaceum, induces cell G2/M phase arrest and apoptosis ^[2].

HY-W127841

Citric acid-2,4-13C2

Citric acid-2,4- ¹³C₂ is the ¹³C-labeled Citric acid (HY-N1428). Citric acid is a natural preservative and food tartness enhancer. Citric acid induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase and S phase in HaCaT cells. Citric acid cause oxidative damage of the liver by means of the decrease of antioxidative enzyme activities. Citric acid is also an acidulant, emulsifier, sequestrant and buffering agent widely used across many industries ^[2] .

HY-B0406AS

Bethanechol-d6 chloride
Bethanechol-d₆ (chloride) is the deuterium labeled Bethanechol chloride. Bethanechol chloride (Carbamyl-β-methylcholine chloride), a parasympathomimetic agent, is a mAChR agonist that exerts its effects via directly stimulating the mAChR (M1, M2, M3, M4, and M5) of the parasympathetic nervous system .

HY-B0241S

Ipratropium-d3 bromide
Ipratropium-d₃ (bromide) is the deuterium labeled Ipratropium bromide. Ipratropium bromide (Sch 1000) is a muscarinic receptor antagonist, with binding IC₅₀ values of 2.9 nM, 2 nM, and 1.7 nM for M1, M2, and M3 receptors, respectively. Ipratropium bromide can be used in the research for COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) and asthma ^[2] .

HY-17360S

Tiotropium-d3 bromide

Tiotropium-d₃ (bromide) is the deuterium labeled Tiotropium (Bromide). Tiotropium bromide (BA-679 BR) is a long-acting anticholinergic bronchodilator. Tiotropium bromide blocks the action of acetylcholine at muscarinic M1, M2, and M3 receptors, prevents bronchoconstriction, and dilates bronchial airways. Tiotropium bromide is applicable to research related to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma ^[2].

HY-154749S

Repaglinide M2-d5
Repaglinide M2-d₅ is deuterated labeled Repaglinide M2.

HY-165686

Benalaxyl metabolite M2-13C3
Benalaxyl metabolite M2- ¹³C₃ (N-(Carboxyacetyl)-N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-DL-alanine- ¹³C₃) is ¹³C labeled Benalaxyl metabolite M2 .

HY-B0114S

Oxcarbazepine-d4
Oxcarbazepine-d₄ (GP 47680-D₄) is the deuterium labeled Oxcarbazepine. Oxcarbazepine is a sodium channel blocker . Oxcarbazepine significantly inhibits glioblastoma cell growth and induces apoptosis or G2/M arrest in glioblastoma cell lines ^[2]. Anti-cancer and anticonvulsant effects ^[2] .

HY-B0011AS

Docetaxel-d5 trihydrate

Docetaxel-d₅ (trihydrate) is the deuterium labeled Docetaxel (Trihydrate). Docetaxel Trihydrate (RP-56976 Trihydrate) is an antineoplastic agent and inhibits microtubule?depolymerization with an IC₅₀ value of 0.2 μM . Docetaxel Trihydrate is a semisynthetic analog of taxol and attenuates the effects of?bcl-2?and?bcl-xL?gene expression. Docetaxel Trihydrate arrests the cell cycle at G2/M and leads to cell apoptosis .

HY-I0230S

Solifenacin-d7 hydrochloride
Solifenacin-d₇ (hydrochloride) is the deuterium labeled Solifenacin hydrochloride. Solifenacin hydrochloride (YM905 hydrochloride) is a muscarinic receptor antagonist, with pKis of 7.6, 6.9 and 8.0 for M1, M2 and M3 receptors, respectively.

HY-B0338S

Rimantadine-d4 hydrochloride
Rimantadine-d₄ (hydrochloride) is the deuterium labeled Rimantadine hydrochloride. Rimantadine is an orally active inhibitor for M2 protein, that blocks the hydrogen ion channel activity, prevents the entry and replication of the virus, and exhibits board-spectrum antiviral activity .

HY-10082S1

Triapine-d3
Triapine-d₃ (3-AP-d₃) is deuterium labeled Triapine. Triapine (3-AP; PAN-811) is a potent inhibitor of the M2 subunit of ribonucleotide reductase (RR), and is a potent radiosensitizer.

HY-A0002S

Solifenacin-d5 succinate
Solifenacin-d₅ (succinate) is deuterium labeled Solifenacin (Succinate). Solifenacin Succinate (YM905) is a novel muscarinic receptor antagonist with pKis of 7.6, 6.9 and 8.0 for M1, M2 and M3 receptors, respectively.

HY-W653905

Amantadine-d15 hydrochloride

Amantadine-d₁₅ hydrochloride is deuterated labeled Amantadine. Amantadine (1-Adamantanamine) is an orally avtive and potent antiviral agent with activity against influenza A viruses. Amantadine inhibits several ion channels such as NMDA and M2, and also inhibits Coronavirus ion channels. Amantadine also has anti-orthopoxvirus and anticancer activity. Amantadine can be used for Parkinson's disease, postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) and COVID-19 research ^[2] .

HY-135329S

(1R,3S-)Solifenacin-d5 hydrochloride
(1R,3S-)Solifenacin-d₅ hydrochloride is the deuterium labeled Solifenacin hydrochloride. Solifenacin D₅ hydrochloride is a deuterium labeled Solifenacin hydrochloride. Solifenacin hydrochloride is a muscarinic receptor antagonist with pKis of 7.6, 6.9 and 8.0 for M1, M2 and M3 receptors, respectively .

HY-B0241S1

Ipratropium-d7 bromide
Ipratropium-d₇ (bromide)eis the deuterium labeled Ipratropium bromide. Ipratropium bromide (Sch 1000) is a muscarinic receptor antagonist, with binding IC₅₀ values of 2.9 nM, 2 nM, and 1.7 nM for M1, M2, and M3 receptors, respectively. Ipratropium bromide can be used in the research for COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) and asthma ^[2] .

HY-70053S

rac-Fesoterodine-d14 fumarate
(Rac)-Fesoterodine-d₁₄ fumarate is a labelled racemic Fesoterodine. Fesoterodine is an orally active, nonsubtype selective, competitive muscarinic receptor (mAChR) antagonist with pK_ivalues of 8.0, 7.7, 7.4, 7.3, 7.5 for M1, M2, M3, M4, M5 receptors, respectively. Fesoterodine is used for the overactive bladder (OAB) ^[2].

HY-W720879

Fesoterodine-d3
Fesoterodine-d₃ is the deuterium labeled Fesoterodine (HY-70053). Fesoterodine is an orally active, nonsubtype selective, competitive muscarinic receptor (mAChR) antagonist with pKi values of 8.0, 7.7, 7.4, 7.3, 7.5 for M1, M2, M3, M4, M5 receptors, respectively. Fesoterodine is used for the overactive bladder (OAB) ^[2].

HY-B1339AS

Dicyclomine-d4

Dicyclomine-d₄ is the deuterium labeled Dicyclomine . Dicyclomine (Dicycloverine) is a potent and orally active muscarinic cholinergic receptors antagonist. Dicyclomine (Dicycloverine) shows high affinity for muscarinic M1 receptor subtype (Ki=5.1 nM) and M2 receptor subtype (Ki=54.6 nM) in brush-border membrane and basal plasma membranes, respectively ^[2]. Dicyclomine is an antispasmodic agent and relieves smooth muscle spasm of the gastrointestinal tract in vivo .

HY-76570S1

5-Hydroxymethyl Tolterodine-d14 formate

5-Hydroxymethyl Tolterodine-d₁₄ (formate) is deuterium labeled (Rac)-5-Hydroxymethyl Tolterodine. (Rac)-5-Hydroxymethyl Tolterodine ((Rac)-Desfesoterodine), an active metabolite of Tolterodine, is a mAChR antagonist (Ki values of 2.3 nM, 2 nM, 2.5 nM, 2.8 nM, and 2.9 nM for M1, M2, M3, M4, and M5 receptors, respectively). (Rac)-5-Hydroxymethyl Tolterodine can be used for overactive bladder research .

HY-B1339S

Dicyclomine-d4 hydrochloride

Dicyclomine-d₄ hydrochloride (Dicycloverine-d₄ hydrochloride) is the deuterium labeled Dicyclomine hydrochloride (HY-B1339). Dicyclomine hydrochloride is a potent and orally active muscarinic cholinergic receptors antagonist. Dicyclomine hydrochloride shows high affinity for muscarinic M1 receptor subtype (Ki=5.1 nM) and M2 receptor subtype (Ki=54.6 nM) in brush-border membrane and basal plasma membranes, respectively . Dicyclomine is an antispasmodic agent and relieves smooth muscle spasm of the gastrointestinal tract in vivo ^[2].

HY-76570S

(Rac)-5-Hydroxymethyl Tolterodine-d14

(Rac)-5-Hydroxymethyl Tolterodine-d₁₄ is the deuterium labeled (Rac)-5-Hydroxymethyl Tolterodine. (Rac)-5-Hydroxymethyl Tolterodine ((Rac)-Desfesoterodine), an active metabolite of Tolterodine, is a mAChR antagonist (Ki values of 2.3 nM, 2 nM, 2.5 nM, 2.8 nM, and 2.9 nM for M1, M2, M3, M4, and M5 receptors, respectively). (Rac)-5-Hydroxymethyl Tolterodine can be used for overactive bladder research .

HY-W027553S1

Ipidacrine-d9

Ipidacrine-d₉ (NIK-247-d₉ (free base)) is the deuterium labeled Ipidacrine (HY-W027553). Ipidacrine is orally active and brain-penetrant AChE and BuChE inhibitors with IC₅₀ values of 1 μM and 1.9 μM, respectively, which is also a partial agonist of M2-cholinergic receptors and a reversible cholinesterase inhibitor. Ipidacrine has a stimulating effect on neuromuscular transmission and excitation along the nerve fibres with a moderately anti-pain effect. Ipidacrine is an aminopyridines and is structurally similar to Tacrine (HY-111338). Ipidacrine is effective in various amnesia models, improves erectile function and inhibits K+ and Na+-channels in the neuronal membrane in diabetic rats. Ipidacrine is promising for research of Alzheimer’s disease, ischaemic stroke, idiopathic neuropathy of the facial nerve, diabetes mellitus-induced erectile dysfunction and other deficits in central or peripheral cholinergic deseases ^[2] .

HY-W753956

Iminostilbene-d10

Iminostilbene-d₁₀ is the deuterium labeled Iminostilbene (HY-N7064). Iminostilbene is a chemical precursor of carbamazepine. Additionally, Iminostilbene is an orally active inhibitor of PKM2 (Pyruvate Kinase M2) and COX2 (Cyclooxygenase-2). Iminostilbene exerts its effects by inhibiting PKM2 and its interaction with HIF-1α and STAT3, reducing COX2 and iNOS expression, and decreasing LPS-induced release of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and MCP-1, thereby suppressing macrophage-mediated inflammatory responses and improving myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R) injury. Iminostilbene holds promise for research in inflammation regulation, cardiovascular diseases (such as MI/R injury), and macrophage-mediated immune-related diseases ^[2].

HY-B0114S1

Oxcarbazepine-d4-1
Oxcarbazepine-d₄-1 is deuterium labeled Oxcarbazepine. Oxcarbazepine is a sodium channel blocker . Oxcarbazepine significantly inhibits glioblastoma cell growth and induces apoptosis or G2/M arrest in glioblastoma cell lines ^[2]. Anti-cancer and anticonvulsant effects ^[2] .

HY-B0114S3

Oxcarbazepine-d10
Oxcarbazepine-d₁₀ (GP 47680-d₁₀) is deuterium labeled Oxcarbazepine. Oxcarbazepine is a sodium channel blocker . Oxcarbazepine significantly inhibits glioblastoma cell growth and induces apoptosis or G2/M arrest in glioblastoma cell lines ^[2]. Anti-cancer and anticonvulsant effects ^[2] .

HY-B0114S2

Oxcarbazepine-d8-1
Oxcarbazepine-d8-1 is a deuterium of Oxcarbazepine. Oxcarbazepine is a sodium channel blocker . Oxcarbazepine significantly inhibits glioblastoma cell growth and induces apoptosis or G2/M arrest in glioblastoma cell lines ^[2]. Oxcarbazepine-d8-1 has anti-cancer and anticonvulsant effects ^[2].

HY-W747797

Cinobufagine-d3
Cinobufagine-d₃ is the deuterium labeled Cinobufagin (HY-N0421). Cinobufagin is an anticancer agent that can be secreted by the Asiatic toad Bufo gargarizans. Cinobufagin induces the cell cycle arrests in the G1 phase or G2/M phase, leading to apoptosis in cancer cells. Cinobufagin inhibits tumor growth in melanoma and glioblastoma multiforme xenograft mouse models ^[2] .

HY-A0004S

Decitabine-13C5

Decitabine- ¹³C₅ (5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine- ¹³C₅) is ¹³C labeled Decitabine. Decitabine (NSC 127716) is an orally active deoxycytidine analogue antimetabolite and a DNA methyltransferase inhibitor. Decitabine incorporates into DNA in place of cytosine can covalently trap DNA methyltransferase to DNA causing irreversible inhibition of the enzyme. Decitabine induces cell G2/M arrest and cell apoptosis. Decitabine has potent anticancer activity ^[2].

HY-109583S

4-Oxofenretinide-d4
4-Oxofenretinide-d₄ (4-Oxo-4-HPR-d₄) is deuterium labeled 4-Oxofenretinide. 4-Oxofenretinide (4-Oxo-4-HPR) is a metabolite of Fenretinide (HY-15373). 4-Oxofenretinide induces cell growth inhibition in ovarian, breast, and neuroblastoma tumor cell lines. 4-Oxofenretinide causes a marked accumulation of cells in G2-M. 4-Oxofenretinide induces cancer cell apoptosis through caspase-9 ^[2].

HY-121605S

RL71-d6

RL71-d₆ is a deuterium labeled RL71 (HY-121605). RL71 is a curcuminoid anticancer agent that exhibits potent cytotoxicity against a variety of ER-negative breast cancer cells. RL71 (1 μM) induces cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase and induces apoptosis in SKBr3 cells. RL7 also decreases HER2/neu phosphorylation and increases p27. RL71 also significantly reduced the phosphorylation of Akt and transiently increased the stress kinases JNK1/2 and p38 MAPK. Furthermore, RL71 exhibited anti-angiogenic potential in vitro, inhibiting the migration of HUVEC cells and the ability of these cells to form tubular networks .

HY-W013724S

Inosine-5'-diphosphate-15N4 dilithium

Inosine-5'-diphosphate- ¹⁵N₄ dilithium (IDP- ¹⁵N₄ dilithium) is ¹⁵N labeled Inosine-5'-diphosphate dilithium. Inosine-5'-diphosphate (IDP) is a decoy substrate of NM23-H2. Inosine-5'-diphosphate has a superior bond capacity on GDP-binding pocket of NM23-H2 (K_D: 5.0 μM). Inosine-5'-diphosphate abrogates c-MYC transcription, induces apoptosis and G2/M cell cycle arrest by disrupting NM23-H2-Pu27-GQ interactions without affecting NM23-H2-mediated kinase properties. Inosine-5'-diphosphate has antihypoxic, antihyperthermic and antiarrhythmic activity and protects animals against the noxious effects of γ-irradiation. Inosine-5'-diphosphate can be used for cancers like Burkitt's lymphoma and cardiovascular diseases research ^[2] .

HY-W142432S

Perfluoroundecanoic acid-13C7

Perfluoroundecanoic acid- ¹³C₇ is the ¹³C-labeled Perfluoroundecanoic acid (HY-W142432). Perfluoroundecanoic acid is a perfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS). Perfluoroundecanoic acid is an orally active oxidative stress inducer. Perfluoroundecanoic acid promotes macrophage M2 polarization, activates Wnt/β-catenin signaling and enhances β-catenin nuclear accumulation. Perfluoroundecanoic acid -induced M2 phenotype macrophage accelerates tumor progression in vitro and in vivo. Perfluoroundecanoic acid induces DNA damage, reproductive and pathophysiological dysfunctions via oxidative stress in male Swiss mice. Perfluoroundecanoic acid inhibits Leydig cell development in pubertal male rats via inducing oxidative stress and autophagy. Perfluoroundecanoic acid accelerates insulitis development in a mouse model of type 1 diabetes. Perfluoroundecanoic acid can be used for the study of ovarian cancer, type 1 diabetes and inflammation ^[2] .

Cat. No.	Product Name	Target	Research Areas	Chemical Structure

HY-15149G

Romidepsin FK 228; FR 901228; NSC 630176	HDAC Apoptosis	Cancer
Romidepsin (GMP) (FK 228 (GMP)) is Romidepsin (HY-15149) produced by using GMP guidelines. GMP small molecules works appropriately as an auxiliary reagent for cell therapy manufacture. Romidepsin (FK 228) is a Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor with anti-tumor activities. Romidepsin (FK 228) inhibits HDAC1, HDAC2, HDAC4, and HDAC6 with IC₅₀s of 36 nM, 47 nM, 510 nM and 1.4 μM, respectively . Romidepsin (FK 228) is produced by Chromobacterium violaceum, induces cell G2/M phase arrest and apoptosis ^[2].

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