2. Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
  3. Endogenous Metabolite
  4. 3-Hydroxybutyric acid sodium

3-Hydroxybutyric acid sodium  (Synonyms: β-Hydroxybutyric acid sodium)

Cat. No.: HY-W010452 Purity: 98.0%
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3-Hydroxybutyric acid sodium (β-Hydroxybutyric acid sodium) is a metabolite that is elevated in type I diabetes. 3-Hydroxybutyric acid sodium can modulate the properties of membrane lipids.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

CAS No. : 150-83-4

Size Price Stock Quantity
Solid + Solvent (Highly Recommended)
10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO
ready for reconstitution
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Solution
10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO In-stock
Solid
500 mg In-stock
1 g In-stock
5 g In-stock
10 g In-stock
25 g In-stock
50 g   Get quote  

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Customer Review

Based on 21 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Other Forms of 3-Hydroxybutyric acid sodium:

3-Hydroxybutyric acid sodium Related Antibodies

Top Publications Citing Use of Products

    3-Hydroxybutyric acid sodium purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Nat Metab. 2025 Jul;7(7):1330-1343.  [Abstract]

    Osmotic pumps filled with 3-Hydroxybutyric acid (0.5-1 mM, for 7 days) inhibited the proliferation of P. berghei ANKA in female C57BL/6 mice

    3-Hydroxybutyric acid sodium purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Nat Metab. 2025 Jul;7(7):1330-1343.  [Abstract]

    The half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) of 3-Hydroxybutyric acid (0-25 mM, 96 h) for inhibiting the in vitro proliferation of the malignant malaria parasite 3D7 strain is 7.268 mM.

    3-Hydroxybutyric acid sodium purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Nat Commun. 2025 May 7;16(1):4224.  [Abstract]

    MLTC-1 cells were treated with 3-Hydroxybutyric acid (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 mM) for 24 h before analysis.

    3-Hydroxybutyric acid sodium purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: BMC Neurol. 2025 Apr 10;25(1):153.  [Abstract]

    PC12 cells were exposed to 100 µM CoCl2, 20 mM 3-Hydroxybutyric acid sodium, and 20 mM 3-Hydroxybutyric acid sodium plus 100 µM CoCl2 for 48 h.

    3-Hydroxybutyric acid sodium purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: BMC Neurol. 2025 Apr 10;25(1):153.  [Abstract]

    Effect of 3-Hydroxybutyric acid sodium on the proliferation of PC12 cells. EdU staining (red) and Hoechst staining (blue) of PC12 cells treated with 100 µM CoCl2, 20 mM 3-Hydroxybutyric acid sodium, and 20 mM 3-Hydroxybutyric acid sodium (48 h) plus 100 µM CoCl2.

    3-Hydroxybutyric acid sodium purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: BMC Neurol. 2025 Apr 10;25(1):153.  [Abstract]

    Effect of 3-Hydroxybutyric acid sodium on the expression of P65. PC12 cells were exposed to 100 µM CoCl2, 20 mM 3-Hydroxybutyric acid sodium, and 20 mM 3-Hydroxybutyric acid sodium plus 100 µM CoCl2 for 48 h. The protein level of P65 in the nuclear fraction was analyzed via western blotting.

    3-Hydroxybutyric acid sodium purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Research Square Preprint. 2024 Aug 08.

    Representative western blots for H3K9bhb and H3K9ac and Histone H3. MLTC-1 cells were treated with BHB (3-Hydroxybutyric acid sodium; 1-5 mM) for 24 h before analysis.

    3-Hydroxybutyric acid sodium purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Research Square Preprint. 2024 Aug 08.

    Representative images of H3H9ac staining in MLTC-1 cells treated with BHB (3-Hydroxybutyric acid sodium; 5 mM) for 24 h. Scale bar: 20 μm.

    3-Hydroxybutyric acid sodium purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Research Square Preprint. 2024 Aug 08.

    HDAC activity in MLTC-1 cells treated with BHB (3-Hydroxybutyric acid sodium; 5 mM) or Vorinostat (1 μM). n = 3 per group.

    3-Hydroxybutyric acid sodium purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Research Square Preprint. 2024 Aug 08.

    Representative images of SA-β-gal staining in MLTC-1 cells of the indicated groups. Senescent cells were treated with BHB (3-Hydroxybutyric acid sodium; 5 mM) or Vorinostat (1 μM) for 48 h before staining. Scale bar: 75 μm.

    3-Hydroxybutyric acid sodium purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Cell Host Microbe. 2024 Dec 12:S1931-3128(24)00444-X.  [Abstract]

    3-Hydroxybutyric acid (10 mM, 1.5 h). The dynamic fluorescence intensity of calcium imaging in primary culture of vagal neurons over time in response to butyrate with or without different butyrate receptor antagonists.

    3-Hydroxybutyric acid sodium purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Cell Metab. 2023 Jan 3;35(1):200-211.e9.  [Abstract]

    Fluorescence response of FiLa at the indicated concentration of lactate or other metabolites. Data are normalized to the initial value. PEP, phosphoenolpyruvate; α-KG, α-ketoglutarate; BHB, β-hydroxybutyrate

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    Human Endogenous Metabolite Microbial Metabolite

    • Biological Activity

    • Purity & Documentation

    • References

    • Customer Review

    Description

    3-Hydroxybutyric acid sodium (β-Hydroxybutyric acid sodium) is a metabolite that is elevated in type I diabetes. 3-Hydroxybutyric acid sodium can modulate the properties of membrane lipids[1].

    IC50 & Target[1]

    Human Endogenous Metabolite

     

    Cellular Effect
    Cell Line Type Value Description References
    HEK293 IC50
    > 15 mM
    Compound: 10
    Cytotoxicity against HEK293 cells harboring pendrin P123S mutant after 72 hrs by MTT assay
    Cytotoxicity against HEK293 cells harboring pendrin P123S mutant after 72 hrs by MTT assay
    		[PMID: 28341401]
    In Vitro

    3-Hydroxybutyric acid sodium (β-Hydroxybutyric acid sodium) is capable of interacting with lipids (modeled using a DPPC monolayer) and altering phase behavior at clinical concentrations. 3-Hydroxybutyric acid sodium also diminishes the interfacial viscosity of DPPC Monolayers[1].

    MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

    3-Hydroxybutyric acid sodium Related Antibodies
    Molecular Weight

    126.09

    Formula

    C4H7NaO3
    CAS No.
    Appearance

    Solid

    Color

    White to off-white

    SMILES

    CC(O)CC(O[Na])=O
    Structure Classification
    Initial Source
    Shipping

    Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
    Storage

    4°C, sealed storage, away from moisture

    *In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)

    Solvent & Solubility
    In Vitro: 

    H2O : 25 mg/mL (198.27 mM; ultrasonic and warming and heat to 60°C)

    DMSO : 16.67 mg/mL (132.21 mM; ultrasonic and warming and heat to 60°C; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

    Preparing
    Stock Solutions
    Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
    1 mM 7.9308 mL 39.6542 mL 79.3084 mL
    5 mM 1.5862 mL 7.9308 mL 15.8617 mL
    View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

    * Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
    Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

    * Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

    • Molarity Calculator

    • Dilution Calculator

    Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

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    Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

    This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

    Concentration (start)

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    In Vivo:

    Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

    For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
    To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
    The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

    • Protocol 1

      Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    40% PEG300    5% Tween-80    45% Saline

      Solubility: ≥ 3.25 mg/mL (25.78 mM); Clear solution

      This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 3.25 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

      Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (32.5 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

      Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
    • Protocol 2

      Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

      Solubility: ≥ 3.25 mg/mL (25.78 mM); Clear solution

      This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 3.25 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

      Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (32.5 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

      Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.

    For the following dissolution methods, please prepare the working solution directly. It is recommended to prepare fresh solutions and use them promptly within a short period of time.
    The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

    • Protocol 1

      Add each solvent one by one:  PBS

      Solubility: 100 mg/mL (793.08 mM); Clear solution; Need ultrasonic

    In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
    Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

    Dosage

    mg/kg

    Animal weight
    (per animal)

    g

    Dosing volume
    (per animal)

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    Number of animals

    Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
    Calculation results:
    Working solution concentration: mg/mL
    This product has good water solubility, please refer to the measured solubility data in water/PBS/Saline for details.
    The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only.If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
    Purity & Documentation

    Purity: 98.0%

    SDS (393 KB)

    COA (247 KB) HNMR (227 KB)

    Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
    References

    Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

    * Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
    Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

    Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
    DMSO / H2O 1 mM 7.9308 mL 39.6542 mL 79.3084 mL 198.2711 mL
    5 mM 1.5862 mL 7.9308 mL 15.8617 mL 39.6542 mL
    10 mM 0.7931 mL 3.9654 mL 7.9308 mL 19.8271 mL
    15 mM 0.5287 mL 2.6436 mL 5.2872 mL 13.2181 mL
    20 mM 0.3965 mL 1.9827 mL 3.9654 mL 9.9136 mL
    25 mM 0.3172 mL 1.5862 mL 3.1723 mL 7.9308 mL
    30 mM 0.2644 mL 1.3218 mL 2.6436 mL 6.6090 mL
    40 mM 0.1983 mL 0.9914 mL 1.9827 mL 4.9568 mL
    50 mM 0.1586 mL 0.7931 mL 1.5862 mL 3.9654 mL
    60 mM 0.1322 mL 0.6609 mL 1.3218 mL 3.3045 mL
    80 mM 0.0991 mL 0.4957 mL 0.9914 mL 2.4784 mL
    100 mM 0.0793 mL 0.3965 mL 0.7931 mL 1.9827 mL

    * Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

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    3-Hydroxybutyric acid sodium Related Classifications

    Help & FAQs
    • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

      Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

    Keywords:

    3-Hydroxybutyric acid150-83-4β-Hydroxybutyric acidEndogenous MetabolitemetabolitetypeIdiabetesmembranelipidsInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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