Dynorphin A (1-10) TFA
Based on 1 Customer Validation
Dynorphin A (1-10) (TFA), an endogenous opioid neuropeptide, binds to extracellular loop 2 of the κ-opioid receptor. Dynorphin A (1-10) (TFA) also blocks NMDA-activated current with an IC50 of 42.0 μM.
For research use only. We do not sell to patients.
- Purity: 98.64%
- Formula: C59H92F3N19O14
- Molecular Weight:1348.48
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Storage:
Sealed storage, away from moisture.
Powder -80°C, 2 years , -20°C, 1 year* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)
To place orders, for customer services and technical support, please contact: MedChemExpress USA
Tel: 609-228-6898 E-mail: [email protected] [email protected]
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Biological Activity
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Chemical Information
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Solvent & Solubility
- Purity & Documentation
- References
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Help & FAQs
Biological Activity
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NMDA Receptor |
κ Opioid Receptor/KOR |
Dynorphin A (1-10) (TFA), an endogenous opioid neuropeptide, binds in the transmembrane domain of the κ-receptor[1]. The non-opioid actions of various forms of Dynorphin A (DynA) are examined on N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor channels in isolated rat trigeminal neurons using the whole-cell patch recording technique. All the dynorphins tested blocked NMDA-activated currents. The blocking actions are voltage-independent. The IC50 is 42.0 μM for DynA(1-10). To determine if shorter dynorphins have the similar blocking property, we examined the action of DynA(1-10) at different membrane potentials. DynA(1-10) blocks INMDA to a similar extent as the membrane potentials changed from -80 to +60 mV. Thus, despite a 160-fold difference in the apparent affinities, DynA(1-32) and DynA(1-10) both exert voltage-independent actions on NMDA receptors[2].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Chemical Information
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Appearance Solid
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Molecular Weight 1348.48
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Formula C59H92F3N19O14
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Color White to off-white
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Sequence
Tyr-Gly-Gly-Phe-Leu-Arg-Arg-Ile-Arg-Pro
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Sequence Shortening
YGGFLRRIRP
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Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Storage
Sealed storage, away from moisture
Powder -80°C 2 years -20°C 1 year * In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)
Solvent & Solubility
DMSO : 100 mg/mL (74.16 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)
H2O : 50 mg/mL (37.08 mM; Need ultrasonic)
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.
- For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
- To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
- The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline
Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (1.85 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)
Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (1.85 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:
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Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL
This product has good water solubility, please refer to the measured solubility data in water/PBS/Saline for details.
Purity & Documentation
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Data Sheet (270 KB)
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SDS (252 KB)
- English - EN (252 KB)
- Français - FR (252 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (252 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (252 KB)
- Español - ES (252 KB)
- Swedish - SV (252 KB)
- Italian - IT (252 KB)
- Korean - KR (252 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (252 KB)
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Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
[1]. Paterlini G, et al. Molecular simulation of dynorphin A-(1-10) binding to extracellular loop 2 of the kappa-opioidreceptor. A model for receptor activation. J Med Chem. 1997 Sep 26;40(20):3254-62. [Content Brief]
[2]. Chen L, et al. Dynorphin block of N-methyl-D-aspartate channels increases with the peptide length. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1998 Mar;284(3):826-31. [Content Brief]
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
| Optional Solvent | Concentration Solvent Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 25 mg |
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| H2O / DMSO | 1 mM | 0.7416 mL | 3.7079 mL | 7.4158 mL | 18.5394 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.1483 mL | 0.7416 mL | 1.4832 mL | 3.7079 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.0742 mL | 0.3708 mL | 0.7416 mL | 1.8539 mL | |
| 15 mM | 0.0494 mL | 0.2472 mL | 0.4944 mL | 1.2360 mL | |
| 20 mM | 0.0371 mL | 0.1854 mL | 0.3708 mL | 0.9270 mL | |
| 25 mM | 0.0297 mL | 0.1483 mL | 0.2966 mL | 0.7416 mL | |
| 30 mM | 0.0247 mL | 0.1236 mL | 0.2472 mL | 0.6180 mL | |
| DMSO | 40 mM | 0.0185 mL | 0.0927 mL | 0.1854 mL | 0.4635 mL |
| 50 mM | 0.0148 mL | 0.0742 mL | 0.1483 mL | 0.3708 mL | |
| 60 mM | 0.0124 mL | 0.0618 mL | 0.1236 mL | 0.3090 mL |
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
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